- 608 Saint Boniface IV begins his reign as Catholic Pope
- 668 Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse, Italy
- 921 Saint Ludmila is murdered at the command of her daughter-in-law at Tetin
- 1514 Thomas Wolsey appointed English Archbishop of York
- 1584 San Lorenzo del Escorial Palace in Madrid finished
- 1590 Giambattista Catagna elected as Pope Urban VII
- 1600 Battle of Sekigahara, rise of the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan
- 1616 First non-aristocratic, free public school in Europe is opened in Frascati, Italy
- 1619 Prince Bethlen Gabor’s troops occupy Pozsony (Pressburg) Hungary
- 1621 Swedish troops occupy Riga
Pope Innocent X
1644 Giambattista Pamfili replaces Pope Urban VIII as Innocent X
- 1655 The Peach War: Munsee attack Dutch colony of New Amsterdam, killing about 40 colonists, possibly in retaliation for the murder of a Munsee woman picking peaches
- 1656 England & France sign peace treaty
- 1683 Germantown in Pennsylvania is founded by 13 immigrant families
- 1707 Ferenc Rákóczi II, Prince of Transylvania and Tsar Peter the Great sign social security agreement
- 1733 King Frederik Willem I divides Prussia-Brandenburg in Cantons
- 1762 Battle of Signal Hill, the last battle of the North American theatre of the Seven Years’ War
- 1774 Cossack pretender to the Russian throne Yemelyan Ivanovich Pugachev captured
- 1776 British forces capture Kip’s Bay, Manhattan, during Revolution
- 1795 Dutch East India controlled Cape Colony (present day South Africa) surrenders to Britain
1812 Napoleon Bonaparte and his French army reach the Kremlin in Moscow, where they watch the flames of the Great Fire of Moscow spread and grow
- 1830 First National Negro Convention begins in Philadelphia
First Railway Casualty
1830 William Huskisson becomes the first passenger killed by a railway train while attending the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway at Parkside station in England
- 1831 The locomotive “John Bull” operates for the first time in New Jersey on the Camden and Amboy Railroad
Darwin in the Galapagos
1835 HMS Beagle, with Charles Darwin on board, reaches the Galápagos Islands
- 1846 Jung Bahadur Rana grabs power in Nepal
- 1851 Saint Joseph’s University is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 1853 Antoinette Blackwell is the first US woman to be ordained a minister
- 1857 Timothy Alder of NY patents a typesetting machine
- 1862 Confederates conquer Union-weapon arsenal at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia
- 1870 Dutch 1st Chamber abolishes Capital punishment (20-18)
- 1873 Last German troops leave France
- 1879 Pim Mulier forms Royal Haarlemsche Football Club based in Haarlem, Netherlands; oldest existing club in Dutch football
- 1882 British General Wolseley occupies Cairo
- 1887 Philadelphia celebrates 100th anniversary of US Constitution
- 1893 “Svoboda”, Ukrainian language weekly newspaper founded by Father Hryhorii Hrushka, in Jersey City, New Jersey; expands to daily in 1921, reverts to weekly in 1998
- 1894 Japan defeats China in Battle of Ping Yang
- 1898 National Afro-American Council forms in Rochester NY
- 1900 A Boer delegation issues an appeal at the Hague, Netherlands, that the major powers intervene in the war in South Africa
- 1902 Chicago Cubs infielders Tinker, Evers, & Chance turn their first double play together in a 6-3 win over Cincinnati
- 1910 Boers & Afrikaners win 1st general elections in Union of South-Africa
- 1912 Boston Red Sox pitcher “Smoky” Joe Wood ties then MLB record of 16 straight wins with a 2-1 victory over St. Louis Browns at Sportsman’s Park
- 1912 War between Turkey & Montenegro breaks out in Albania
- 1913 First US milch goat show held in Rochester, New York
- 1914 First Battle of Aisne finishes, Germans vs. French & British during WWI
- 1914 US Marines march out of Vera Cruz, Mexico
- 1914 WWI: Battle of Aisne ends with Germans beating French forces in France
1916 First use of tanks in warfare, Britain’s Mark I “Little Willies” at the Battle of Flers-Courcelette, part of the Battle of the Somme
- 1917 Forbes Magazine founded by B. C. Forbes and Walter Drey in the US
- 1917 Russia proclaimed a republic by Alexander Kerensky’s Provisional government
Alcohol Paraclitus
1921 Pope Benedict XV publishes encyclical Alcohol Paraclitus
- 1921 WBZ-AM in Boston MA begins radio transmissions
- 1922 Philadelphia catcher Butch Henline becomes first NLer to hit 3 HRs in a game since 1897 during Phillies’ 10-9 win over St. Louis Cardinals at the Baker Bowl
- 1923 Governor Walton of Oklahoma declares state of siege because of Ku Klux Klan terror
Dictator Primo de Rivera
1923 Military officer Miguel Primo de Rivera becomes dictator and Prime Minister of Spain after launching a coup d’état
- 1928 400 kg of François Fournier’s forged postage stamps are burned in Geneva, Switzerland, to prevent them from falling into the wrong hands
Discovery of Penicillin
1928 Scottish bacteriologist Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin while sorting through petri dishes containing colonies of the bacteria Staphylococcus [1]
- 1928 St. Louis Cardinals set NL record of 18 men left-on-base; still beat Phillies, 8-6 at the Baker Bowl, Philadelphia
- 1928 Stothard, Kalmar & Ruby’s musical “Good Boy” premieres in NYC
- 1930 First international bridge match is held in London; the US team defeats England
- 1931 British naval fleet mutinies at Invergordon over pay cuts
- 1931 Philadelphia A’s clinch pennant, beating Cleveland
- 1935 Nuremberg Laws deprives German Jews of citizenship & makes swastika official symbol of Nazi Germany
- 1937 Works Progress Administration (WPA) extends L-Taraval streetcar line to San Francisco Zoo, at Sloat Blvd (San Francisco, California)
Margaret Johnson’s Only Recording
1938 Jazz piano prodigy Margaret Johnson (20) makes her only recording, four sides with Billie Holiday in NYC: Johnson dies of tuberculosis less than a year later
- 1938 John Cobb sets a world auto speed record at 350.2 mph (lasts one day)
- 1938 MLB Pittsburgh Pirates outfielders Llod Waner and PAul Waner become first and only brothers hit back-to-back homeruns
- 1940 3rd American Football League plays 1st game (Milw 14, Columbus 2)
1940 Battle of Britain Day: Royal Air Force repulses a major Luftwaffe attack, losing 29 aircraft to the Germans’ 57-61 as the tide begins to turn
- 1940 Chicago Tribune sponsors Ted Lyons Day (White Sox pitcher)
Battle of Britain’s Fierest Day
1940 UK Prime Minister Winston Churchill visits Royal Air Force 11th Fighter Group on what would be the fiercest day of the Battle of Britain
Republican Fascist Party
1943 Benito Mussolini forms a rival anti-monarchist fascist government in Italy and soon returns to power as a German puppet state
- 1943 Concentration Camp Kauwen in Lithuania opens
- 1943 Concentration Camp Vaivara in Estonia opens
- 1944 British bombers hit German battleship Tirpitz with Tallboy bombs
- 1944 Soviet troops free Sofia, Bulgaria
- 1944 US 1st Infantry division pushes through to Westwall
- 1944 US 28th Infantry division occupies Hill 555 at Roscheid
- 1944 US troops land on islands of Palau and Morotai, western Pacific
- 1945 A hurricane in southern Florida and the Bahamas destroys 366 planes and 25 blimps at NAS Richmond
- 1946 Dodgers beat Cubs 2-0 in 5 inns, games called because of gnats
- 1947 First four-engined jet-propelled fighter plane tested, Columbus, Ohio
- 1947 RCA releases the 12AX7 miniature dual triode vacuum tube; it is still in production
- 1947 Typhoon Kathleen hit Tone River, Saitama and Tokyo area, killing at least 1,930 and injuring 1,750
- 1947 Yanks clinch pennant #15
- 1948 F-86 Sabre sets a world aircraft speed record of 1,080 km/h
- 1948 WHN-AM in NY City changes call letters to WMGM
- 1949 “Lone Ranger” premieres on ABC-TV. Hi-yo, Silver! Away!
- 1949 WJAC TV channel 6 in Johnstown, PA (NBC/ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1949 WJXT TV channel 4 in Jacksonville, FL (CBS) begins broadcasting
- 1950 During Korean conflict, UN forces land at Inchon in South Korea
- 1950 For a record 6th time, NY Yankees’ first baseman Johnny Mize hits 3 HRs in one game
- 1950 In the longest game in Shibe Park in Philadelphia, Phillies beat Cincinnati Reds 8-7 in 19 innings
- 1950 US troop land on Wolmi-Do island off of Seoul
- 1951 Emile Zatopek runs world record 20k (1:01:15.8)
- 1952 UN turns over Eritrea to Ethiopia
- 1953 Boxing’s NBA adopts 10-pt-must-scoring-system (10 pts to round winner)
- 1953 KVOA TV channel 4 in Tucson, AZ (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1953 WVEC TV channel 13 in Hampton-Norfolk, VA (ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1955 WCTV TV channel 6 in Tallahassee-Thomasville, Florida (CBS) begins
- 1957 SF Seals (Pacific Coast League) play their last game
- 1958 Commuter train crashes off an open drawbridge, killing 48 in Bayonne, New Jersey
Khrushchev Visits the United States
1959 Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev arrives in United States to begin a 13-day visit, the first state visit of a Soviet or Russian leader to the US
- 1960 Maurice Richard announces his retirement. He finishes his career with 544 goals, an NHL record at the time.
- 1962 Australia’s 1st entry in America’s Cup yacht race (US wins)
- 1962 USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
- 1962 WOKR TV channel 13 in Rochester, NY (ABC) begins broadcasting
1st President of Algeria
1963 Ahmed Ben Bella is elected as first president of the newly independent Algeria
- 1963 Alou brothers – Felipe, Matty, & Jesús – appear in San Francisco Giants outfield for 1 inning in a 13-5 win over Pittsburgh Pirates at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh
- 1963 Church bombing in Birmingham Alabama, kills 4 African-American girls
The Great Prop Prom
1963 The Beatles headline The Great Prop Prom at Royal Albert Hall, London; The Rolling Stones are one of the opening acts [1]
- 1963 WNTV TV channel 29 in Greenville, SC (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1964 Final edition of socialist British newspaper “Daily Herald”
- 1964 The Beatles play at Public Auditorium in Cleveland, Ohio; police stop show during third song as some of the crowd climbed on the stage, after a 10 minute delay, and warning audience to stay seated, the concert resumed with the.
- 1965 US TV series “Lost in Space” premieres
Otis Blue
1965 Volt/Stax records releases Otis Redding‘s third studio album “Otis Blue – Otis Redding Sings Soul” in the US, Atlantic releases it in the UK; frequently ranked on top album lists
- 1966 Dutch political party (D’66) forms
- 1966 First British nuclear ballistic missile submarine HMS Resolution launched
- 1966 Gemini XI (Conrad/Gordon) returns to Earth
LBJ Urges Gun Control
1966 U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson, responding to a sniper attack at the University of Texas at Austin, writes a letter to the United States Congress urging the enactment of gun control legislation.
- 1967 KPOB TV channel 15 in Poplar Bluff, MO (ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1968 “Barbra Streisand: A Happening in Central Park” premieres on CBS TV
- 1968 Launch of Zond 5, 1st lunar fly-around with Earth reentry
- 1968 NY Zendo (Shoboji) was opened by S Nakagawa & D S Harada
- 1968 Probable Test flight for a manned fly-around (scooped by Apollo 8)
- 1968 WUAB TV channel 43 in Lorain-Cleveland, Ohio (IND) begins broadcasting
- 1968 WXON TV channel 20 in Detroit, MI (IND) begins broadcasting
Carlton Strikes Out 19
1969 MLB St. Louis Cardinals Steve Carlton sets record by striking out 19 NY Mets in a game
Crosby Sells 300 Million
1970 Decca awards Bing Crosby a second platinum disc for selling 300 million records
- 1970 Officers of the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) in Northern Ireland vote narrowly in favour of remaining unarmed
- 1970 PLO leader Arafat threatens to make a cemetery of Jordan
- 1970 Rotterdam dock strikes end
- 1972 A magnitude 4.5 earthquake shakes Northern Illinois.
- 1972 An SAS domestic flight from Gothenburg to Stockholm was hijacked and flown to Malmö-Bulltofta Airport.
Sometime in NYC
1972 Apple Records releases John Lennon and Yoko Ono‘s political album “Sometime in NYC” in UK, delayed by publishing rights dispute; includes some live tracks from 1971 concert with Frank Zappa
- 1972 WMAO TV channel 23 in Greenwood, MS (PBS) begins broadcasting
King Carl Gustaf
1973 Carl XVI Gustaf ascends the throne, becoming King of Sweden (1973-present)
- 1973 Dutch Guilder devalued by 5%
- 1973 Ohio State’s Archie Griffith begins record 31 cons 100 yd rushing
- 1973 OPEC supports price hikes and designates six Gulf countries to negotiate collectively with companies over prices; other members to negotiate individually
Secretariat Sets Record
1973 Secretariat wins the Marlboro Cup in a world record time of 1:45 2/5 for 1¼ miles
- 1974 Air Vietnam flight 727 is hijacked, then crashes while attempting to land with 75 on board.
- 1974 Market Square Arena in Indianapolis opens
- 1975 Mike Vail extends hitting streak ton rookie-record 23 straight game
- 1975 The French département of Corse (the entire island of Corsica) is divided into two: Haute-Corse and Corse-du-Sud.
- 1976 Ntozake Shange’s play “For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide / When the Rainbow Is Enuf” premieres in NYC
- 1976 Soyuz 22 carries 2 cosmonauts into Earth orbit for 8 days
- 1977 Orioles forfeit to Blue Jays when manager Earl Weaver pulls team off field in the 5th inning, citing hazardous conditions due to a small tarpaulin on the bullpen mound
- 1977 TV LA drama “CHiPs” debuts on NBC in US
- 1977 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
Carter Meets Record Companies
1977 US President Jimmy Carter meets with 15 record company executives
- 1978 Dodgers become the first major league team to draw 3 million fans
- 1979 Red Sox Bob Watson is 1st to hit for cycle in AL & NL (Astros)
- 1979 USSR performs nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan
Laborem Exercens
1981 Pope John Paul II publishes encyclical “Laborem exercens” (through work) against capitalism and Marxism
- 1981 The John Bull becomes the oldest operable steam locomotive in the world when the Smithsonian Institution operates it under its own power outside Washington, D.C.
1st Woman Supreme Court Justice
1981 US Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously approves Sandra Day O’Connor for the US Supreme Court
- 1981 Vanuatu becomes a member of the United Nations.
- 1982 First issue of “USA Today” published by Gannett Co Inc
- 1982 Israeli forces began pouring into west Beirut
- 1982 Pope John Paul II receives PLO leader Yasser Arafat
- 1983 Frances Schreuder is convicted for the first-degree murder of Franklin Bradshaw
- 1983 Police officers beat Michael Stewart to death for graffiting NYC subway
- 1983 The first Costco store opens in Seattle, Washington
- 1984 Morocco Showcase opens
- 1984 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh, Semipalitinsk USSR
- 1985 MLB New York Yankees trade 25-year-old pitching prospect Jim Deshaies to Houston Astros for 40-year-old pitcher Joe Niekro
Palme Forms Government
1985 Olof Palme forms Sweden minority government
- 1986 1st broadcast of legal drama “L.A. Law” created by Steven Bochco, with ensemble cast including Corbin Bersen, Jill Eikenberry and Harry Hamlin on NBC
- 1986 Bomb attack in Paris, 1 dead
- 1987 Italy sends a naval contingent to the Persian Gulf
- 1987 Pope John Paul II arrives in Los Angeles for a two-day papal visit, and addresses U.S. entertainment leaders
- 1987 US Senate Judiciary Committee begins confirmation hearings for Supreme Court nominee Robert Bork
- 1988 Lillehammer, Norway, upsets Anchorage to host 1994 Winter olympics
- 1988 Museum of Moving Image in London opens
- 1988 Test Cricket debut of Ian Healy, vs Pakistan at Karachi
- 1989 The U.S. Congress recognizes American journalist Terry Anderson’s continued captivity in Beirut, Lebanon
- 1990 Chicago White Sox Bobby Thigpen is 1st to record 50 saves
- 1990 Florida Lottery goes over $100,000,000
- 1990 France announce it will send 4,000 troops to Persian Gulf
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