Charles IX Reaches His Majority
1563 King Charles IX of France declared an adult at 13
- 1577 Peace of Bergerac: Political rights for Huguenots
Francis Courts Elizabeth
1579 Francis, Duke of Anjou, visits English Queen Elizabeth I in an attempt to court her
- 1585 Antwerp surrenders after an 8-month siege by the Duke of Parma
- 1590 Governor of Roanoke Island colony John White returns from England to find no trace of the colonists he left there three years earlier [or August 18, 1591]
- 1648 Battle of Preston, Lancashire: Henry Ireton defeats the Scots; ends August 19, 1648
1661 French Superintendent of Finances Nicolas Fouquet throws one of the grandest and most opulent parties ever seen in France, appalling King Louis XIV and leading to Fouquet’s arrest for embezzlement weeks later
- 1717 France, Russia, and Prussia sign an agreement
- 1743 Treaty of Åbo signed in Turku by Sweden and Russian Empire, ending the Russo-Swedish War (1741-1743)
- 1787 Jews are granted permission in Budapest, Hungary, to pray in groups
- 1795 Slave revolt at Knip Plantation, Curaçao
- 1796 British defeat Batavian Navy in Saldanha Bay, South Africa
Fulton’s Trip up the Hudson
1807 Robert Fulton‘s steamboat Clermont begins its first trip up the Hudson River
- 1819 The Church Missionary Society establishes New Zealand’s second mission station at Kerikeri
Darwin Climbs Campana
1834 Charles Darwin reaches the top of Campana in Chile during his voyage on the Beagle
- 1835 Solymon Merrick of Springfield, Massachusetts, patents the first wrench
- 1836 British parliament accepts registration of births, marriages, and deaths
- 1836 Charles Darwin leaves South America for the last time on HMS Beagle
- 1846 Commodore Robert F. Stockton of the US Navy annexes California
- 1858 The first bank in Hawaii opens
- 1859 First airmail in a balloon takes off from Lafayette, Indiana
- 1862 Confederate troops under Edmund Kirby Smith enter Kentucky
- 1863 Federal batteries and ships attack Fort Sumter in South Carolina
- 1870 First ascent of Mount Rainier, Washington, by Hazard Stevens and P. B. Van Trump
- 1877 American astronomer Asaph Hall discovers Mars’s moon Phobos
- 1879 Ferdinand de Lesseps forms the French Panama Canal Company
- 1883 The first public performance of the Dominican Republic’s national anthem, Himno Nacional
- 1891 Electric self-starter for automobiles patented
- 1891 People’s Bath, the first public bathhouse with showers, opens in New York City
- 1892 Russian and French generals Obruchev and Boisdeffre sign the Dual Alliance
- 1894 Phillies get 36 hits as Sam Thompson hits for the cycle, beating Louisville 29-4
- 1897 W. B. Purvis patents electric railway switch (also known as points)
- 1901 The Royal Titles Act adds the words ‘and the British Dominions beyond the Seas’ to the monarch’s style
Pulitzer Prize Established
1903 Joseph Pulitzer donates $1 million to Columbia University and begins the Pulitzer Prizes in the United States
Bank of Italy Building
1908 Bank of Italy (now Bank of America) opens a new headquarters, the Bank of Italy building, at Clay and Montgomery, San Francisco
- 1908 Projection in Paris of the first animated cartoon, “Fantasmagorie,” created by Émile Cohl
- 1914 French troops under General de Castelnau occupy Chateau Salins
- 1915 A mob lynches Jewish businessman Leo Frank in Cobb County, Georgia, after his death sentence for the murder of a 13-year-old girl is commuted to life
- 1915 German troops overrun Kaunas, Lithuania
- 1915 Hurricane makes landfall near Galveston, Texas, killing 275 and causing $50 million of damage
- 1916 Bulgarian offensive in Macedonia
- 1917 Italy declares war on Turkey
- 1918 Bolshevik revolutionary leader Moisei Uritsky is assassinated
- 1918 British troops attack Baku, Azerbaijan
- 1918 Samuel Riddle buys Man o’War for $5,000
- 1918 Turkish troops overthrow Caucasus
- 1920 New York Yankees cancel game with Cleveland Indians in memory of Ray Chapman, who dies after being hit by a pitch the previous day
- 1924 French-German trade agreement signed
- 1926 Greek-Serbian, Croatian and Slavs peace treaty signed
Lou Gehrig’s Playing Streak
1933 MLB player Lou Gehrig plays his record 1,308th consecutive game
- 1933 Soviet Union tests GIRD-R1 rocket (“Object 09”)
- 1936 An unemployed worker, Niels B. Ruud in Madison, Wisconsin, receives the first unemployment benefit check paid under a state law for $15
- 1938 First aircraft owned by US Forest Service enters service in Oakland
- 1938 Henry Armstrong wins his third consecutive boxing championship
1939 Musical film “The Wizard of Oz,” starring Judy Garland, Ray Bolger, Bert Lahr, Jack Haley, and Margaret Hamilton, opens at Loew’s Capitol Theatre, NYC
Germany Blockades Britain
1940 Adolf Hitler orders a total blockade of Great Britain
Ogdensburg Agreement
1940 Franklin D. Roosevelt and Canadian Prime Minister William M. King agree to mutual defense abroad and establish the Permanent Joint Board of Defense in the Ogdensburg Agreement
- 1941 German raider attacks Dutch SS Kota Nopan
- 1942 Task Force 17 leaves Pearl Harbor under Admiral George Murray on USS Hornet
- 1942 Transport #20 departs with French Jews to Nazi Germany
- 1942 US 8th Air Force bombers stage their first independent raid on Europe, attacking Rouen, France
- 1943 498 British bombers attack Peenemünde (development base for the V-weapons)
- 1943 US 8th Air Force loses 60 B-17s during an attack on Schweinfurt and Regensburg
Conquest of Sicily
1943 US General George S. Patton enters Messina, completing the Allied conquest of Sicily
- 1944 4th Canadian Armoured Division occupies Trun, Normandy
- 1944 Soviet troops arrive at the Austria-Prussia border
- 1944 US 12th Army Corps occupies Orléans
- 1944 US 320th regiment infantry occupies Châteaudun
- 1944 Yankees’ Johnny Lindell ties the record with four consecutive doubles in a game
- 1945 Korea is divided into North and South Korea along the 38th parallel
Liturgique
1946 Arthur Honegger‘s 3rd Symphony “Liturgique” premieres in Zürich, Switzerland with Charles Munch conducting the Suisse Romande Orchestra
- 1947 The Radcliffe Line is revealed, setting the border between Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan
- 1948 Alger Hiss denies ever being a Communist agent
- 1948 Phillies commit eight errors in a baseball game for the second time
- 1948 Tom Henrich hits his record-tying fourth grand slam of the season
- 1950 Pee Wee Reese (Dodgers) and Sam Calderone (Giants) hit inside-the-park home runs
- 1951 18th NFL Chicago All-Star Game: Cleveland 33, All-Stars 0 (92,180 attendees)
- 1951 Hurricane winds drive six ships ashore in Kingston, Jamaica
- 1952 The word “fallout,” referring to radioactive particles carried into the atmosphere after a nuclear explosion, is first used in The New York Times
- 1953 First meeting of Narcotics Anonymous in Southern California
- 1955 Hurricane Diane follows Hurricane Connie and floods the Connecticut River, killing 190 people and causing $1.8 billion in damage
- 1956 20,000 women march to Pretoria’s Union Buildings to present a petition to the Prime Minister against the carrying of passes by women
- 1956 Federal Constitutional Court bans Communist Party of Germany (KPD) in West Germany
Ashburn Hits Fan Twice
1957 Baseball player Richie Ashburn fouls and hits fan Alice Roth twice in the same at-bat while playing for the Philadelphia Phillies; the first hit breaks her nose, and the second one hits her while she is on the stretcher
Kind of Blue
1959 Columbia Records releases “Kind of Blue,” a studio album by American jazz trumpeter and composer Miles Davis, leading a sextet featuring saxophonist John Coltrane and pianist Bill Evans; the work is widely considered a masterpiece and is one of the most influential and best-selling albums of Davis’ long career
- 1959 USSR and Iraq sign a contract to build an Iraqi nuclear reactor
- 1960 Gabon gains independence from France (National Day)
- 1960 Indonesia drops diplomatic relations with the Netherlands
- 1961 Kennedy administration establishes Alliance for Progress
- 1962 East German border guards shoot and kill Peter Fechter, 18, as he attempts to cross the Berlin Wall into the western sector
- 1963 Jim Hickman becomes the first New York Met to hit for the cycle
- 1963 Orioles’ Dick Hall retires his 28th consecutive player in relief
- 1964 Boycott scores his first Test cricket century: 113 against Australia at The Oval
- 1966 NASA satellite Pioneer 7 launched into solar orbit
Baseball Record
1966 San Francisco Giants outfielder Willie Mays takes second place on the all-time home run list
- 1968 Dick Beyer (Dr. X) defeats Verne Gagne to become NWA champion
- 1969 Hurricane Camille strikes the US coastline and kills 259 people, mainly in Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana
- 1969 NY Jets beat NY Giants 37-14 in their first meeting (preseason)
- 1970 Soviet spacecraft Venera 7 is launched towards Venus
Baseball History
1972 MLB Philadelphia Phillies’ Steve Carlton wins his 15th consecutive game
- 1973 Mets first baseman Willie Mays hits his 660th and last career home run off Don Gullett of the Cincinnati Reds in a 2-1 loss at Shea Stadium in New York
- 1976 An earthquake and tsunami in the Philippines kill up to 8,000
- 1976 West Indies win big at The Oval with Michael Holding taking 14-149 in the match
- 1977 Russian nuclear-powered icebreaker “Arktika” is the first surface ship to reach the North Pole
- 1977 Thomas Wessinghage, Harald Hudak, Michael Lederer, and Karl Fleschen set the world record in the 4 x 1500 m relay with a time of 14:38.8
- 1977 USSR performs a nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan
- 1978 First successful crossing of the Atlantic by balloon is completed by Americans Ben Abruzzo, Maxie Anderson, and Larry Newman aboard Double Eagle II
- 1979 Two Russian passenger planes collide over Ukraine, killing 173
- 1980 Azaria Chamberlain disappears, likely taken by a dingo, leading to one of the most publicized trials in Australian history
- 1980 George Brett goes 4-for-4, raising his batting average to .401
- 1982 First compact discs (CDs) released to the public in Germany
- 1982 LA Dodgers beat the Chicago Cubs 6-5 in 21 innings; game ends the following day
- 1982 South Bend, Indiana jury acquits self-avowed racist Joseph Paul Franklin
- 1983 Hurricane Alicia kills 17 people in Texas
- 1985 1,400 meatpackers walk off the job at a George A. Hormel & Company plant
- 1985 Sara Trollinger forms House of Hope in Orlando
- 1986 Bronze pig statue, named “Rachel” after a real 750-pound pig who won the 1985 Island County Fair, is unveiled at Pike Place Market, Seattle
- 1986 Red Sox trade shortstop Rey Quinones and pitcher Mike Trujillo to Mariners for shortstop Spike Owen and outfielder Dave Henderson
- 1986 Rioting occurs at a DMC concert at the Long Beach Convention Center in California; 40 people are injured
Baseball Record
1987 Bunt single gives Milwaukee Brewers’ Paul Molitor the longest MLB hit streak of the 1980s at 39 games
- 1987 Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 2,700 for the first time (2,700.57)
Muhammad Ali
1987 Muhammad Ali is elected to “Ring” magazine’s Boxing Hall of Fame
- 1988 Butch Reynolds runs a world record in the 400 m (43.29)
- 1988 First case of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in NYC (9-year-old Bronx boy)
- 1988 LIRR says Penn Station will get air conditioning in 1991
- 1988 Pakistani President Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq and US Ambassador Arnold Raphel are killed in a plane crash
- 1988 US performs a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
- 1988 US Republicans nominate George H. W. Bush for President
Cal Ripken
1989 Baltimore Orioles shortstop Cal Ripken plays in his 1,208th consecutive game and moves to 3rd place all-time behind NY Yankees’ Lou Gehrig and Boston Red Sox/NY Yankees’ Everett Scott
- 1990 Carlton Fisk hits White Sox record 187th home run
Mike Tyson Sued
1990 Phyllis Polander sues Mike Tyson for sexual harassment
- 1991 ArenaBowl V takes place at Joe Louis Arena in Detroit as the Tampa Bay Storm defeats the Detroit Drive 48-42, with Stevie Thomas named MVP
- 1991 Royals’ Warren Cromartie’s first major league home run since 1983
- 1992 Hurricane Andrew forms southeast of Barbados in the Caribbean
- 1992 Kevin Gross of the Dodgers tosses the only 9-inning no-hitter of the season, a 2-0 victory
- 1994 King Letsie II of Lesotho dismisses premier Ntsu Mokhehle
- 1994 NY Central Park Reservoir officially named after Jackie Kennedy Onassis
- 1995 China performs a nuclear test at Lop Nur, China
Marco van Basten Retires
1995 Dutch AC Milan manager and former player Marco van Basten announces his retirement from professional football
- 1996 Soyuz TM-24 is launched into orbit
1998 Monica Lewinsky scandal: US President Bill Clinton admits in taped testimony he had an “improper physical relationship” with the intern and on the same day admits before the nation he “misled people” about the relationship
- 1999 7.4-magnitude earthquake strikes İzmit, Turkey, killing more than 17,000 and injuring 44,000
- 2004 Chinese researchers find an MD5 collision
- 2004 The National Assembly of Serbia unanimously adopts new state symbols for Serbia: “Bože Pravde” becomes the new anthem, and the coat of arms is adopted for the whole country
- 2004 Yana Klochkova of Ukraine wins the 200 m individual medley in 2:11.14 at the Athens Olympics, wrapping up the 200/400 m medley double
- 2005 The first forced evacuation of settlers begins as part of Israel’s unilateral disengagement plan
- 2008 Australian women’s 4 x 100 m medley relay team of Emily Seebohm, Leisel Jones, Jessicah Schipper, and Libby Trickett upsets the United States to win the gold medal in a world record time of 3:52.69 at the Beijing Olympics
- 2008 China wins its 33rd gold medal of the Beijing Olympics by defeating Singapore in the table tennis women’s team event, achieving its most successful Olympiad ever by winning all 10 singles and all 5 doubles matches
- 2008 Four years after winning Olympic silver in the rowing quad sculls in Athens, Briton Rebecca Romero becomes only the second woman to earn medals in two different sports at the Summer Games when she wins the pursuit track cycling gold in Beijing
- 2008 German swimmer Britta Steffen beats American Dara Torres by 0.01 in the 50m to wrap up the 50/100 m double at the Beijing Olympics
- 2008 Gulnara Samitova-Galkina of Russia wins the 3,000 m steeplechase gold medal at the Beijing Olympics with a world record time of 8:58.81
- 2008 Jamaica dominates the 100 m at the Beijing Olympics with Shelly-Ann Fraser taking the gold medal in 10.78, while her teammates Sherone Simpson and Kerron Stewart dead-heat for silver in 10.98
Nadal Olympic Champion
2008 Rafael Nadal of Spain beats Chile’s Fernando González 6-3, 7-6, 6-3 to win the men’s tennis singles at the Beijing Olympics, Spain’s first-ever Olympic gold medal in tennis
Phelps Breaks Spitz Record
2008 The US team of Michael Phelps, Aaron Peirsol, Brendan Hansen, and Jason Lezak wins the 4 x 100 m medley relay at the Beijing Olympics in a world record time of 3:29.34; Phelps’s 8th gold medal of the Games breaks Mark Spitz’s 1972 record of 7
- 2012 Gay pride events are banned for a century in Moscow
- 2012 Three members of Russian punk band Pussy Riot are jailed for two years
- 2013 15 civilians are killed by a Syrian warplane attack in Aleppo
- 2013 18 people are killed in a conflict between Boko Haram and the Nigerian military
- 2015 2012 Olympic 1500 m champion from Turkey, Asli Cakir Alptekin, is stripped of her gold medal by the IAAF for doping
- 2015 Bomb blast in Bangkok at Erawan Shrine kills at least 19 and injures over 100
- 2015 Discovery of a 7,000-year-old mass grave in Schöneck-Kilianstädten, Central Germany, is published in the PNAS Journal; 26 bodies bear evidence of violent conflict
- 2015 World’s first flower could be the underwater plant Montsechia vidalii, claim US botanists (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
- 2016 American sweep in the 100 m women’s hurdles at the Rio de Janeiro Olympics with Brianna Rollins taking gold ahead of Nia Ali and Kristi Castlin; first time the US has swept medals in an Olympic women’s track and field event
- 2016 Floodwaters recede in Louisiana, leaving 13 dead and damaging 4,000 homes
- 2016 German pair Laura Ludwig and Kira Walkenhorst upset Brazilian hometown favorites Ágatha Bednarczuk and Bárbara Seixas 21–18, 21–14 to win the Olympic women’s beach volleyball gold in Rio de Janeiro
- 2016 Jamaican sprinter Elaine Thompson wins the 200 m gold medal in 21.78, wrapping up the 100/200 m Rio de Janeiro Olympics double
- 2016 Kenyan runner Conseslus Kipruto records an Olympic record 8:03.28 to win the men’s 3,000 m steeplechase gold medal at the Rio de Janeiro Games
- 2017 Anti-immigrant One Nation party leader Pauline Hanson is widely criticized for wearing a burqa into the Australian Parliament
- 2017 Collision of two neutron stars is witnessed for the first time, first detected by the US-based Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)
- 2017 On This Day helps launch Borneo Dictionary, an online nonprofit dictionary of indigenous Borneo languages with translations in English and Bahasa Malaysia
- 2017 Terror attack on Las Ramblas in Barcelona, Spain, as a van rams into crowds, killing 16 and injuring 120
- 2017 Three Hong Kong activists, Jason Wong, Nathan Law, and Alex Chow, are jailed for unlawful assembly
- 2019 Huge wildfires begin on Gran Canaria in the Canary Islands, prompting the evacuation of 9,000 people
- 2019 Landmark power-sharing deal signed by military and civilian leaders is celebrated in Khartoum, Sudan, with a transitional government to take over on September 1
- 2019 Suicide bombing at a wedding in Kabul, Afghanistan, kills 63 and injures over 200; the Islamic State claims responsibility
- 2020 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill becomes the first US college to send students home and convert to online classes after 135 COVID-19 cases are detected
Sports History
2021 Joel Embiid signs a four-year, $196 million NBA extension with the 76ers
- 2021 One in five US hospital ICUs is at or over 95% capacity due to the Delta surge of COVID-19, with 1,800 children hospitalized [1]
- 2022 China issues its highest red alert heat warning for at least 138 cities and counties amid the country’s longest heatwave since records began, lasting 64 days [1]
- 2022 Possible second smaller impact crater that wiped out the dinosaurs, the “Nadir Crater,” 8.5 km across, is identified off the coast of Guinea, West Africa [1]
- 2022 Suicide explosion in Afghan mosque in Kabul kills 21 worshippers and injures 33 [1]
- 2022 UK inflation rate rises to a new 40-year high of 10.1%, with food costs as the largest contributor [1]
- 2023 First WHO Traditional Medicine Global Summit begins in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India [1]
- 2023 US 30-year fixed mortgage rate rises above 7% for the first time in 21 years [1]
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