- 707 John VII ends his reign as Catholic Pope
- 1009 Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem is destroyed by the Fatimid caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, who hacks the church’s foundations down to the bedrock
- 1016 Danes led by Cnut defeat the Saxon forces of Edmund Ironside at the Battle of Assandun (Ashingdon), completing their conquest of England
- 1081 Battle of Dyrrhachium: Southern Italian Normans under Robert Guiscard defeat Byzantine army under Alexios I Komnenos (modern Durrës, Albania)
- 1240 Ukrainian city of Chernihiv surrenders, but despite this, it is still sacked and pillaged by the Mongolian army of Batu
- 1356 The most significant historic seismological event north of the Alps destroys Basel in Switzerland
- 1386 Heidelberg University is founded in modern-day Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- 1534 New pursuit of French protestants
- 1561 Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima: Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflict
- 1564 John Hawkins begins his second trip to America
- 1572 Spanish troops attack Maastricht
Treaty of Montpellier
1622 French King Louis XIII and Duke Henry II of Rohan, leader of the Huguenots, sign the Treaty of Montpellier, ending hostilities
- 1748 Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle is signed, ending the War of the Austrian Succession
- 1752 Premiere of Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s opera “Le Devin du Village” (The Village Soothsayer) before the royal court at Fontainebleau, France
- 1767 Boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania, the Mason–Dixon line, is agreed upon
- 1776 Battle of Pelham: Colonel John Glover and the Marblehead Regiment meet British forces in the Bronx
- 1776 In a bar decorated with bird tail in Elmsford, New York, a customer requests a glassful of “those cock tails” from bartender Betsy Flanagan
Kościuszko Joins Continental Army
1776 Tadeusz Kościuszko receives a commission from US Congress as a colonel of engineers in the Continental Army
- 1805 45 women meet at Mrs. Silas Lee’s home in Wiscasset, Maine, and organize the Female Charitable Society, one of the earliest women’s clubs in America
- 1860 Second Opium War ends with the Convention of Peking and the ratification of the Treaty of Tientsin, an unequal treaty
- 1862 Morgan’s troops capture the Federal garrison at Lexington, Kentucky
- 1863 Battle of Charleston, West Virginia
- 1863 Bulaq Museum, forming the basis of the Egyptian National Museum, is inaugurated in Cairo with French Egyptologist Auguste Mariette as its director [1]
1867 US takes formal possession of Alaska from Russia, after paying $7.2 million in the Alaska Purchase
The League of Youth
1869 Henrik Ibsen‘s play “De Unges Forbund” (The League of Youth) premieres in Kristiania (Oslo), Norway
- 1873 Columbia, Princeton, Rutgers, and Yale set rules for collegiate football
- 1873 First football game between Toronto Argonauts and Hamilton Tigers
- 1878 Anti-socialist laws are ratified in Germany
- 1878 Edison makes electricity available for household use
- 1892 First commercial long-distance phone line opens between Chicago and New York
- 1898 American flag is raised in Puerto Rico
- 1900 Count Bernhard von Bülow becomes Chancellor of Germany, famously referring to Germany’s need for a ‘place in the sun’ and a global empire
- 1901 Belgium’s Louise of den Plas begins activities toward women’s rights
Jack Johnson Arrested
1912 Black boxer Jack Johnson is arrested for violating the Mann Act for “transporting women across state lines for immoral purposes” due to his relationship with a white woman, Lucille Cameron, who is allegedly a prostitute; he is later convicted by an all-white jury and sentenced to a year in prison
- 1912 The First Balkan War breaks out, with Bulgaria, Serbia, and Greece opposed to Turkey
1912 The Treaty of Lausanne ends the Italo-Turkish War; Italy annexes Libya
- 1914 Schoenstatt Movement is founded in Germany
- 1915 Third Italian offensive at Isonzo
- 1918 Czechoslovakia declares independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire
- 1918 NHL’s Quebec Bulldogs are sold to Toronto businessman P. J. Quinn
- 1918 Russian 10th Army drives out White armies from Tsaritsyn (Stalingrad)
- 1919 Belvin Maynard wins the first transcontinental air race in a round trip of 9 days, 4 hours, 25 minutes, and 12 seconds; the race costs 9 lives with 54 crashes or forced landings
1st Earl Beatty
1919 David Beatty is created 1st Earl Beatty, Viscount Borodale, and Baron Beatty of the North Sea and Brooksby
- 1921 Biding its time, Soviet Russia agrees to independence for Crimea
Pop-up Toaster
1921 Charles Strite is granted US patent #1,394,450 for his invention, the automatic pop-up toaster
- 1922 British Broadcasting Company (BBC) is founded, later known as British Broadcasting Corporation
- 1924 Harold “Red” Grange, finest collegiate football game (four long touchdown runs)
- 1924 Notre Dame beats Army 13-7, and the New York Herald Tribune dubs them the Four Horsemen
- 1925 French General Sarrail bombs Damascus (ends October 20)
- 1925 Salt Lake City (PCL) Tony Lazzeri hits his 60th home run of the season
- 1943 US bombing of Bougainville, Solomon Islands
- 1944 Soviet troops invade Czechoslovakia during WWII
- 1945 Paul Robeson wins the Spingarn Medal for his singing and acting achievements
Great American Symphony
1946 First performance of Aaron Copland‘s Third Symphony by the Boston Symphony Orchestra led by Serge Koussevitzky, often called the “Great American Symphony”
- 1951 USSR performs a nuclear test
- 1952 The first issue of Mad Magazine is published
- 1952 Vinoo Mankad takes 13 Pakistan wickets to win the first India-Pakistan clash
- 1953 Willie Thrower becomes the first Black NFL quarterback in modern times
- 1953 WLJT TV channel 11 in Lexington, TN (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1953 WTVK TV channel 26 in Knoxville, TN (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1954 Hurricane Hazel becomes the most severe to ever hit the US, killing 195 in the US and Canada
- 1954 Texas Instruments Inc. announces the first transistor radio
- 1954 WBTW-TV channel 13 in Florence, South Carolina (CBS/ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1954 WNBC radio in New York City changes call letters to WRCA
- 1955 Buganda Agreement between Andrew Cohen, Governor of the Uganda Protectorate, and Mutesa II, Kabaka of Buganda
Antiproton
1955 The antiproton (antiparticle of the proton) is discovered at the University of California by physicists Emilio Segrè and Owen Chamberlain, who win the 1959 Nobel Prize for Physics
All-Time Track Athlete
1955 Track & Field magazine names Jesse Owens all-time track athlete
The Frank Sinatra Show
1957 “The Frank Sinatra Show,” a television variety and drama anthology series, debuts on ABC with the singer-actor given almost complete control of the program
Yankees Fire Stengel
1960 Casey Stengel retires from the NY Yankees after winning 10 pennants in 12 years
- 1960 In Britain, News Chronicle & Daily Mail merge and London Evening Star merges with Evening News
- 1961 Emergency crisis declared in South Vietnam due to communist attack
MOMA Hangs Picture Upside Down
1961 The Museum of Modern Art in New York displays Henri Matisse‘s picture “Le Bateau” upside down, and it takes 47 days and 116,000 people before someone notices [1]
Let’s Dance
1962 Tony Sheridan & the Beat Brothers (also known as The Beatles) record “Let’s Dance” in Hamburg, Germany
- 1962 US launches Ranger 5 for lunar impact but misses the Moon
- 1962 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston Atoll in the North Pacific Ocean
JFK Meets Gromyko
1962 US President John F. Kennedy meets Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs Andrei Gromyko
Persona
1966 “Persona,” a Swedish film directed by Ingmar Bergman and starring Bibi Andersson and Liv Ullmann, is released
- 1967 MLB American League votes to allow Kansas City Athletics to move to Oakland, California and expand the league to 12 teams in 1971 with Kansas City and Seattle teams, later accelerated to 1969 due to pressure from Kansas City politicians
- 1967 Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded to German-American nuclear physicist Hans Bethe
- 1967 Soviet Venera 4 becomes the first probe to send data back from Venus
The Jungle Book
1967 Walt Disney’s animated musical adaptation of Rudyard Kipling‘s “The Jungle Book,” featuring the voices of Phil Harris, Louis Prima, Sterling Holloway, and Sebastian Cabot, is released
- 1968 A rare Australian 1-2 in track and field as Maureen Caird, with an Olympic record of 10.39 seconds, beats teammate Pam Kilborn by 0.07 seconds to win the 80 m hurdles at the Mexico City Games
- 1968 American athletes sweep the medals in the men’s 400 m at the Mexico City Olympics; Lee Evans wins gold in a world record of 43.86 ahead of Larry James and Ron Freeman
- 1968 American long jumper Bob Beamon sets an incredible world record (8.90 m, 29′ 2½”) in high altitude at the Mexico City Olympics, a 0.55 m (22″) improvement over the previous world record
- 1968 American swimmer Don Schollander anchors the US 4 × 200 m freestyle relay team to a world record of 7:52.1 and wins the Olympic gold medal in Tokyo, Schollander’s fourth gold of the Games
- 1968 Circus Circus Hotel, the largest permanent big top in the world, opens in Las Vegas
- 1968 Police find 219 grams of cannabis resin in John Lennon and Yoko Ono’s apartment, and they are fined £150 for marijuana possession
- 1968 Polish sprinter Irena Szewińska runs a world record of 22.58 to beat Australian Raelene Boyle by 0.16 and win the 200 m gold medal at the Mexico City Olympics
1968 US Olympic Committee suspends Tommie Smith and John Carlos for giving the Black Power salute to protest racism and injustice against African-Americans during Olympic medal ceremony
- 1969 British singer Rod Stewart joins rock band The Faces
- 1969 Federal government bans the use of cyclamate artificial sweeteners
- 1969 Jefferson Airplane’s Paul Kantner is arrested for marijuana possession
- 1969 Soyuz 8 returns to Earth
- 1970 Sachio Kinugasa begins a 2,215 consecutive game streak for Hiroshima Carp
- 1973 Congress authorizes bicentennial quarter, half-dollar, and dollar coins
- 1973 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences is awarded to American Wassily Leontief
- 1974 American R&B singer Al Green‘s girlfriend, Mary Woodson, dies by suicide at his Memphis home after assaulting him with a pot of boiling grits at age 29
- 1974 Andre van der Louw is appointed Mayor of Rotterdam, Netherlands
First Quadruple-Double
1974 Chicago Bulls’ Nate Thurmond, in his debut with the team, becomes the first NBA player to complete a quadruple-double: 22 points, 14 rebounds, 13 assists, and 12 blocks
- 1974 In the first ABA regular season game at Market Square Arena in Indianapolis, Indiana, Pacers lose to the San Antonio Spurs 129-121 in double overtime before 7,473 fans
Walking in the Park with Eloise
1974 The Country Hams release the instrumental single “Walking in the Park with Eloise,” written by James McCartney and produced by his son Paul McCartney; the group consists of Wings with guests Chet Atkins and Floyd Cramer
- 1975 Simon & Garfunkel reunite on “Saturday Night Live,” performing “My Little Town” and a medley of other hits
- 1975 USSR performs a nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya, USSR
- 1977 New York Yankees defeat the Dodgers to win their 21st World Championship 4-2
- 1977 The New York Islanders and the Los Angeles Kings tie 0-0 at Nassau Coliseum, the 25th shutout and Resch’s 15th
- 1977 West German commandos liberate a Boeing 737 with 86 hostages in Mogadishu
- 1977 Yankees beat Dodgers 8-4 for their 21st World Championship and their first in 15 years
- 1978 NY Islanders first scoreless tie vs. LA Kings
- 1978 US first daughter Susan Ford announces engagement to Charles F. Vance
- 1979 Stage musical “Beatlemania” opens in London
- 1979 USSR performs a nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya, USSR
- 1979 USSR performs a nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeastern Kazakhstan
- 1980 Detroit blocks 21 Atlanta shots, setting an NBA record (double OT)
- 1981 Andreas Papandreou’s PASOK wins Greek elections
- 1981 NY Giant Joe Danelo ties the NFL record of 6 field goals in a game
- 1981 Polish General Jaruzelski is elected party leader
- 1984 Discovery moves to the Vehicle Assembly Building at Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the mating of the STS-51A mission
- 1984 USSR performs a nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeastern Kazakhstan
- 1988 Israel’s Supreme Court upholds ban on Kahane’s Kach Party as racist
- 1988 USSR performs a nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeastern Kazakhstan
- 1989 Hungary revises its constitution after the fall of its communist regime
- 1989 The 31st Space Shuttle mission, STS-34 (Atlantis 5), is launched into orbit
- 1991 Revival of Frank Loesser‘s 1956 musical “The Most Happy Fella” closes at the NY State Theater in New York City after a limited run by the New York City Opera
- 1991 US performs a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
- 1992 6.6 magnitude earthquake hits Colombia with no fatalities
- 1992 Philadelphia Eagle Randall Cunningham sets the NFL quarterback rushing record of 3,683 yards
- 1992 Start of Zimbabwe’s first Test match against India in Harare
- 1993 STS-58 (Columbia) launches into orbit
- 1995 The NHL Winnipeg Jets are sold to Americans, who plan to move them to Phoenix
- 2000 Zack de la Rocha announces he is leaving the rock band Rage Against the Machine
- 2001 Crude oil for November delivery falls to its lowest level since August 1999 on the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX)
- 2003 Bolivian Gas War: President Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada is forced to resign and leave Bolivia
Return of Benazir Bhutto
2007 After eight years in exile, Benazir Bhutto returns to Pakistan. That same night, suicide attackers blow themselves up near Bhutto’s convoy, killing over 100 people, including 20 police officers; Bhutto escapes uninjured
- 2009 British Mercedes driver Jenson Button finishes fifth in the Brazilian Grand Prix at Autódromo José Carlos Pace to clinch his first F1 World Drivers’ Championship
- 2009 Quarterback Tom Brady throws five second quarter touchdowns against the Tennessee Titans, an NFL record for touchdown passes in one quarter
- 2011 Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit is released by Hamas
- 2012 Google stock trading is suspended after the premature release of a quarterly report indicating a 20% drop in profits and a 9% fall in share price
- 2012 Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen are honored for their work with fashion label The Row at the WSJ Magazine’s Innovator of the Year Awards in New York City
- 2012 Syrian military airstrikes kill 40 people in Maaret al-Numan
- 2013 Saudi Arabia becomes the first country to decline a seat on the UN Security Council in protest over Syria
- 2015 Rashid Khan makes his One Day International (ODI) debut for Afghanistan against Zimbabwe
- 2016 US White House says it is confident Russia is behind recent email hacking and attempts to influence US election
Xi Heralds New Era
2017 19th Chinese Communist Party Congress opens in Beijing with President Xi Jinping delivering a 3-hour and 23-minute speech heralding a “new era”
2019 The Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, the World Economic Forum, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation co-host “Event 201” in New York City, a tabletop exercise simulating the devastating impact of a severe pandemic; three months later, COVID-19 breaks out [1]
- 2020 Bolivia elects Luis Arce President and his party, Movement for Socialism back into government
- 2021 Ecuadorian President Guillermo Lasso declares a 60-day state of emergency in response to a violent crime wave caused by a power struggle between drug cartels
- 2021 Flash floods and heavy rain in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand and Nepal kill over 100 people after 328 mm falls in 24 hours [1]
- 2022 American cellist Yo-Yo Ma is awarded the fifth $1 million Birgit Nilsson Prize
- 2022 Evidence of a lost star catalog by second-century BC Greek astronomer Hipparchus, the earliest known attempt to record celestial objects’ coordinates with the naked eye, is found in a palimpsest manuscript published by scholars [1]
Scott Gives Girl Scouts $84.5m
2022 The Girl Scouts of the USA announce receipt of donations totaling $84.5 million from American philanthropist MacKenzie Scott
Greta Thunberg Arrested
2023 Climate activist Greta Thunberg is arrested at a demonstration outside an oil conference in London
- 2023 Power cut to Guinea-Bissau’s capital, Bissau, by Turkish firm Karpowership over an unpaid $15 million bill [1]
- 2023 WNBA Finals, Barclays Center, Brooklyn: Las Vegas Aces win back-to-back titles with a 70-69 victory over New York Liberty; Las Vegas wins the series 3-1
- 2024 Cuba’s power grid shuts down after a major power station fails, leaving 10 million people without power and closing schools and businesses [1]
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