- 1097 The first Crusaders arrive in Antioch, Ancient Syria, during the First Crusade
Christian III’s Reformation
1536 King Christian III of Denmark and Norway leads reform in Catholic possessions
- 1576 Spanish troops occupy and plunder Maastricht
- 1587 Battle of Coutras: Henry of Navarre’s Huguenot army defeats the Catholic League, led by Anne, Duke of Joyeuse, who is killed while trying to surrender
- 1600 Battle of Sekigahara sets the Tokugawa clan as Japan’s rulers (shoguns)
- 1603 Chinese uprising in the Philippines fails after 23,000 people are killed
- 1728 Great Fire of Copenhagen breaks out at Vesterport (the West Gate) and burns for three days, destroying about a third of the city
- 1740 Maria Theresa becomes ruler of Austria, Hungary, and Bohemia
- 1751 Royal ship Duc de Bourgogne is launched at Rochefort
- 1774 American Continental Congress orders discouragement of entertainment
- 1786 Harvard University organizes the first astronomical expedition in the US
- 1803 US Senate ratifies the Louisiana Purchase
- 1813 German Kingdom of Westphalia abolished
- 1817 First Mississippi showboat leaves Nashville on its maiden voyage
- 1818 The 49th parallel becomes the border between the US and Canada
- 1818 US and Britain agree to joint control of Oregon country
- 1822 First edition of the London Sunday Times
- 1827 Naval Battle of Navarino (off the Peloponnese coast): English, Russian, and French combined fleet defeats a Turkish and Egyptian force, paving the way for Greek independence
- 1835 HMS Beagle leaves Galapagos Archipelago to sail to Tahiti
Margaret Fuller Editor
1839 Margaret Fuller is appointed editor of new US Transcendental Magazine “The Dial”
Schubert’s Symphony No. 2
1877 Franz Schubert‘s Symphony No. 2 in B-flat major premieres in London, England, performed by the Crystal Palace Orchestra and conducted by August Manns
Before Dawn
1889 Gerhart Hauptmann‘s play “Vor Sonnenaufgang” (Before Dawn) premieres in Berlin to a scandalous reception
- 1891 The first Six Days of New York, an international 6-day bike race, begins at New York City’s Madison Square Garden
- 1898 NC Mutual & Provident Insurance Company forms
- 1899 American yacht Columbia beats the Shamrock challenge from Royal Ulster Yacht Club in the 11th America’s Cup
- 1899 Battle at Talana Hill, Natal: British army vs. Boers
- 1902 The Chamber of Deputies appoints a committee to consider questions on the separation of Church and State in France
- 1903 US wins the disputed boundary between the District of Alaska and Canada
- 1904 Bolivia and Chile sign a treaty ending the War of the Pacific, recognizing Chile’s possession of the coast and providing for the construction of a railway linking La Paz, Bolivia, to Arica on the coast
- 1905 Great General Strike in Russia begins and lasts 11 days
Polish Revolution
1905 Russian Tsar Nicholas II allows the Poles to speak Polish to help quell the revolution in the Kingdom of Poland
- 1906 Dr. Lee De Forest demonstrates his electrical vacuum tube (radio tube)
- 1910 Soccer team KFC (Kooger Football Club) forms in Koog aan de Zaan, Netherlands
- 1910 The hull of RMS Olympic, sister ship to the ill-fated RMS Titanic, is launched from Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Helen Hayes Theater
1911 Helen Hayes Theater (Folies Bergere) opens at 210 W 46th St, New York City
Amundsen Races to South Pole
1911 Norwegian Roald Amundsen sets out on a race to the South Pole
- 1912 Cort Theatre opens at 148 W 48th St, New York City
- 1912 Hannes Kolehmainen runs a world record marathon in 2:29:39.2
Alice Paul Enters Jail
1917 US suffragette Alice Paul begins a seven-month jail sentence for peacefully picketing in support of the Women’s Suffrage (right to vote) Amendment at the White House in Washington, D.C.
1918 Germany agrees to further concessions to secure a WWI armistice
- 1920 “1st Year” with Frank Craven premieres in New York City
- 1921 Germany and Allies come to an agreement over reparation payments in a meeting at Wiesbaden
- 1921 The French and Mustafa Kemal’s nationalists sign a treaty in Ankara, fixing the Turko-Syrian border
- 1922 Kenilworth in the Bronx is renamed Dwight Place
- 1926 Hurricane in Cuba kills 600 people
- 1932 Journalist Robert Trout joins CBS
MLB Stars Go to Japan
1934 MLB All-Star team led by Connie Mack and including Babe Ruth, Jimmie Foxx, and Lou Gehrig sails to Japan for an 18-game series against Big-Six University League
The Silent Woman
1934 Richard Strauss completes his opera “Die Schweigsame Frau” (The Silent Woman)
- 1935 400,000 demonstrators protest against fascism in Madrid
- 1935 Anti-fascist People’s Front forms in Brussels
End of the Long March
1935 Communist forces end their Long March at Yan’an in Shaanxi, China, bringing Mao Zedong to prominence
MVP Hank Greenberg
1935 Detroit Tigers future Baseball Hall of Fame first baseman Hank Greenberg is named AL MVP by the BBWAA; Boston Red Sox pitcher Wes Ferrell is runner-up
MVP Carl Hubbell
1936 Carl Hubbell, with a 26-6 record, edges out Dizzy Dean, who has a 24-13 record, for MVP honors in the NL
- 1936 Spanish government moves to Barcelona
All the Things You Are
1939 “All the Things You Are” is recorded by Tommy Dorsey Orchestra
- 1940 Cheese rationed in the Netherlands
- 1940 Greenhouse rationing begins in the Netherlands
- 1941 Nazi occupiers murder 500 inhabitants of Kragujevac, Serbia
- 1942 “Durham Manifesto,” issued by the Southern Conference on Race Relations, is held in Durham, North Carolina, and calls for fundamental changes in race relations
- 1944 Liquid gas tanks explode in Cleveland, Ohio, killing 135 people and leaving 3,600 homeless
- 1944 Revolution by workers and students in Guatemala
- 1944 Soviet and Yugoslav troops free Belgrade
- 1944 US First Army wins the Battle of Aachen on Germany’s western border
1944 US forces under General Douglas MacArthur return to the Philippines with the landing of the US 6th Army on Leyte
- 1949 Eugenie Anderson becomes the first woman US ambassador (to Denmark)
Gas Chromatography
1950 Chemists Archer John Porter Martin and James Lovelock give the first demonstration of gas chromatography at a meeting of the Biochemical Society. The technique is rapidly adopted by the petrochemical industry.
- 1951 The “Johnny Bright Incident” occurs during a football game in Stillwater, Oklahoma, where an African-American quarterback from Drake University suffers a broken jaw in a violent attack by Oklahoma A&M defenders [1]
- 1952 A state of emergency is declared in Kenya in response to the Mau Mau Rebellion
- 1953 WRAU (now WHOI) TV channel 19 in Peoria, IL (ABC) begins broadcasting
Banana Boat (Day-O)
1955 Calypso singer Harry Belafonte records his signature tune “Day-O” (The Banana Boat Song) in New York City
Sports History
1959 Clark Griffith of the Senators says the team will not move the franchise
- 1959 WABG TV channel 6 in Greenwood-Greenville, MS (ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1960 First fully mechanized post office opens in Providence, Rhode Island
- 1962 Chinese army lands in India
- 1962 US performs an atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston Island
- 1963 France performs an underground nuclear test at Ecker, Algeria
Event of Interest
1963 South Africa begins the trial of Nelson Mandela and eight others on conspiracy charges
- 1963 WITV TV channel 7 in Charleston, South Carolina (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1964 Ann Packer of Great Britain runs a world record 2:01.1 to win the women’s 800 m gold medal at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics
- 1964 Mad Dog Vachon defeats Verne Gagne in Minneapolis to become NWA champion
- 1964 Riot at a Rolling Stones concert in Paris leads to 150 arrests
- 1964 Tamara Press of the Soviet Union wins her second gold medal in two days by securing the women’s shot put title at the Tokyo Olympics, her second consecutive Olympic shot put title
- 1965 Mass arrests of communists in Indonesia
- 1965 The Beatles receive a gold record for the single “Yesterday”
Nobel Prize in Literature
1966 Nobel Prize in Literature is awarded jointly to Jewish writers Shmuel Yosef Agnon and Nelly Sachs
- 1967 A purported Bigfoot is filmed at Bluff Creek in Northern California by Roger Patterson and Robert Gimlin
- 1967 An all-white federal jury convicts 7 individuals for the murder of 3 civil rights workers in Meridian, Mississippi
- 1967 KMXN (now KJTV) TV channel 34 in Lubbock, TX (IND) begins broadcasting
- 1967 Owner Charlie Finley names Bob Kennedy as the first manager of the newly relocated Oakland A’s
- 1968 American Dick Fosbury, using his unconventional technique, wins the men’s high jump gold medal with 2.24 m at the Mexico City Olympics; the “Fosbury Flop” becomes accepted as the most efficient technique
- 1968 Kenyan runner Kip Keino wins the 1,500 m gold medal at the Mexico City Olympics in 3:34.91 despite a severe gallbladder infection
- 1968 Mamo Wolde wins the 16th Olympic marathon in 2:20:26.4
- 1968 Margitta Gummel of East Germany throws a world record 19.61 m to beat teammate Marita Lange by 0.83 m and win the women’s shot put gold medal at the Mexico City Olympics
- 1968 US men’s 4 x 400 m relay team of Vincent Matthews, Ron Freeman, Larry James, and Lee Evans runs a world record 2:56.16, easily beating Kenya and West Germany to the minor medals at the Mexico City Olympics
- 1968 US women’s 4 x 100m relay team of Margaret Bailes, Barbara Ferrell, Mildrette Netter, and Wyomia Tyus sets a world record of 42.88 to win the gold medal at the Mexico City Olympics
- 1969 WKYH (now WYMT) TV channel 57 in Hazard, KY (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1970 American agronomist Norman Borlaug is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his contribution to world food supply
- 1970 Zond 8 Launches to orbit the Moon
- 1971 The Nepal stock exchange collapses
Event of Interest
1971 US Senator Edward Kennedy calls for a withdrawal of British troops from Northern Ireland and all-party negotiations to establish a United Ireland
Nobel Peace Prize
1971 West German Chancellor Willy Brandt is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1973 Family Station Inc. buys shortwave radio station WNYW, changes the call letters to WYFR, and moves the station from New York City to Scituate, Massachusetts
TV Show Appearance
1973 Mariette Hartley appears on “The Bob Newhart Show” in the episode “Have You Met Miss Dietz?”
1973 Queen Elizabeth II opens the Sydney Opera House at Bennelong Point in Sydney, Australia, after 14 years of construction
- 1973 US President Nixon accepts the resignations of Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus as they refuse orders to discharge Watergate Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox in what is known as “The Saturday Night Massacre”; after the resignations, Acting Attorney General Robert Bork fires Cox
Sports History
1973 US President Nixon proclaims Jim Thorpe to have been the greatest athlete of the first half of the 20th century
- 1974 Bard’s presentation of “Richard III” opens at Lincoln Center, New York City
- 1974 First broadcast of “Derrick” on ZDF
- 1975 Soviet orbiter Venera 9 becomes the first spacecraft to orbit Venus
- 1975 Supreme Court rules teachers can spank their pupils after a warning
- 1976 George Prince ferry disaster: 70 die when Norwegian tanker SS Frosta collides with the George Prince ferry on the Mississippi River in Louisiana
- 1976 NY Nets Julius “Dr J” Erving is sold to Philadelphia 76ers
Event of Interest
1977 David Mamet‘s “A Life in the Theatre” premieres in New York City
- 1977 Plane chartered by rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd runs out of fuel and crashes in a wooded area near Gillsburg, Mississippi, killing six people, including band members Ronnie Van Zant, Steve Gaines, Cassie Gaines, and road manager Dean Kilpatrick
- 1977 Revival of stage play “Dracula,” starring Frank Langella as Dracula, premieres in New York City
- 1978 British ska-rock band The Police perform their first US concert at CBGB in NYC
- 1978 Paul Vanden Boeynants forms Belgian government
- 1978 US dollar is devalued below Dutch ƒ2
- 1979 American John Tate beats local favorite Gerrie Coetzee by UD in 15 rounds in Pretoria, South Africa, for the vacant WBA heavyweight boxing title
The Wanderer
1980 Geffen Records releases its first album, Donna Summer‘s “The Wanderer”
- 1981 Bomb attack on a synagogue in Antwerp, Belgium, leaves one person dead and injures 80
- 1981 First NBA game at Meadowlands Arena, NJ Nets lose to NY Knicks 103-99
- 1981 Three members of the Weather Underground are arrested for an armored truck robbery
NHL Record
1984 Islanders’ Mike Bossy‘s 30th career hat trick in his 6th career 4-goal game, an 8-3 win over the visiting Los Angeles Kings
- 1984 The Monterey Bay Aquarium opens in Monterey Bay, California
- 1986 Tupolev-134 crashes in Southern Africa
- 1987 Dow Jones Industrial Average increases 102.27 points with 608,120,000 shares traded (record)
- 1987 Subway vigilante Bernhard Goetz is sentenced to 6 months in jail
- 1987 Ten people die as a US Air Force jet crashes into a Ramada Inn near Indianapolis
- 1988 Britain ends suspects’ right to remain silent in a crackdown on the IRA
- 1988 Gastineau sacks Jets, retires from football for “personal reasons”
- 1988 Man armed with explosives blows himself up in 125th Street subway station in New York City
- 1988 Reggie Rogers, Detroit Lions’ #1 pick, kills three people by driving intoxicated
- 1989 Pakistan wins the Sharjah Trophy over India and West Indies in a round-robin format
- 1989 US Senate impeaches US District Judge Alcee L. Hastings
- 1990 Anti-war marches protesting against the US-Iraq war begin in 20 US cities
- 1990 Three members of 2 Live Crew are acquitted of obscenity charges in Florida
- 1991 6.1-7.1 earthquake in Uttarkashi, India, kills about 670 people
1991 Brazilian McLaren driver Ayrton Senna clinches his second consecutive and third overall F1 World Drivers’ Championship by finishing second in the Japanese Grand Prix at Suzuka
- 1991 Formal opening ceremony of International One Mind Zen Center in Crestone, Colorado
- 1992 David Houghton scores Zimbabwe’s first Test century (121 vs. India on debut)
- 1992 Mr. Johnson surrenders Monrovia, Liberia, and is exiled to Nigeria
- 1995 Sri Lanka beats West Indies to win the Sharjah Champions Trophy final
- 1995 STS-73 (Columbia 18) launches into orbit
Cricket Record
1996 Wasim Akram (257) and Saqlain Mushtaq achieve a cricket Test record of 313 for the 8th wicket against Zimbabwe at Sheikhupura
- 1997 Richard Gnida, limo driver in Detroit Red Wings crash, pleads guilty
- 1997 US accuses Microsoft of violating a pact by forcing the IE browser on computers
Film & TV History
1998 Comedian Richard Pryor receives the first Kennedy Center Mark Twain Prize for American Humor
Battle of Interest
2011 The former leader of Libya, Muammar Gaddafi, and his son Moatassem Gaddafi are killed shortly after the Battle of Sirte in 2011 while in the custody of NTC fighters
- 2013 30 people are killed by a suicide truck bomber in Hama, Syria
- 2013 37 people are killed in a suicide bombing in Baghdad, Iraq
- 2013 78 people are killed by cattle raiders in Jonglei, Sudan
- 2014 Laquan McDonald (17) is shot and killed by Chicago police officer Jason Van Dyke while jaywalking; the incident is captured on video footage
- 2015 Migrants arriving in Greece top 500,000 for the year, according to the UN
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