46 BC Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to his mythical ancestor Venus Genetrix in accordance with a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus
- 715 Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne
- 1212 Golden Bull of Sicily certified hereditary royal title in Bohemia for Přemyslid dynasty
- 1371 A small Ottoman force makes a devastating surprise night raid on the Serbian camp by the Maritsa River, killing thousands of drunken soldiers, including Serbian King Vukašin Mrnjavčević and his brother, Despot Jovan Uglješa
- 1396 Ottoman Sultan Bajezid I beheads hundreds of crusaders after the Battle of Nicopolis
- 1404 Brussels Brabant/Limburg Audit Office is established
- 1509 Storm surge causes the second Cosmas and Damian flood in East Friesland and the Netherlands, destroying dykes and devastating coastal towns
1580 Francis Drake completes his circumnavigation of the world, sailing into Plymouth, England aboard the Golden Hind
- 1629 The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden sign the Peace of Altmark, ending the Polish–Swedish War (1626–29)
1665 Height of the Great Plague of London as 7,165 people die throughout the previous week
- 1680 Tax revolt in Gorinchem is caused by a tax on cereal
1687 The Acropolis in Athens is attacked by the Venetian army in an attempt to eject the Turks, damaging the Parthenon
The Glorious Revolution
1688 City council of Amsterdam votes to support Prince William of Orange‘s invasion of England, known as “The Glorious Revolution” in the Netherlands
- 1733 France, Spain, and Sardinia sign an anti-German covenant
A Treatise of Human Nature
1738 Scottish philosopher David Hume enters into a contract to publish the first two volumes of his seminal work “A Treatise of Human Nature” with John Noon in London
- 1772 New Jersey passes a bill requiring a license to practice medicine
British Occupation of Philadelphia
1777 British General William Howe occupies Philadelphia during American Revolution
- 1810 A new Act of Succession is adopted by the Riksdag of the Estates, and Jean Baptiste Bernadotte becomes heir to the Swedish throne
PM Talleyrand Resigns
1815 Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord resigns as Prime Minister of France
- 1815 Russia, Prussia, and Austria sign the Holy Alliance
- 1824 Kapiolani defies Pele, the Hawaiian volcano goddess, and lives
- 1831 Robert Montgomery Bird’s play “The Gladiator” premieres in New York City
- 1835 Gaetano Donizetti’s opera “Lucia di Lammermoor” premieres at the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (now Italy)
- 1872 The first Shriners Temple (called Mecca) is established in New York City
- 1874 First Grand International Rifle match is held
- 1876 First Belgian parachute jump (Glorieux)
- 1884 Surinamese army shoots at British-Indian contract workers, killing 7
- 1887 Emile Berliner patents the gramophone
- 1890 US stops minting $1 and $3 gold coins and the 3-cent piece
John Philip Sousa’s New Marine Band
1892 First public appearance of John Philip Sousa‘s New Marine Band, at Stillman Music Hall in Plainfield, New Jersey
- 1895 Italian General Oreste Baratieri lands in Massawa, Eritrea
- 1898 Victor Herbert and Harry Smith’s operetta “The Fortune Teller” premieres at Wallack’s Theater, New York City
- 1901 Boer General Botha fails to capture Fort Itala in Natal
- 1901 United Kingdom annexes the Ashanti Kingdom and places it under the governor of the Gold Coast (Ghana)
- 1904 Charles Klein’s “The Music Master” premieres in New York City
- 1904 Earl Grey is named British Governor-General of Canada
- 1904 George Bernard Shaw’s “How He Lied to Her Husband” premieres in New York City
- 1907 New Zealand and Newfoundland each become dominions within the British Empire
- 1908 MLB Chicago Cubs’ Ed Reulbach becomes the only pitcher to throw a doubleheader shutout, winning 3-0 and 5-0 over the Superbas at Washington Park in Brooklyn, New York
- 1914 Federal Trade Commission is formed to regulate interstate commerce in the US
- 1914 Germans arrest Adolphe Max, mayor of Brussels
- 1916 Bishop speaks against Catholics in trade unions
- 1917 British assault on Menin Street, France
- 1918 Meuse-Argonne Offensive begins in western France, the largest and most costly American offensive of World War I, with more than 1 million US soldiers participating [1]
- 1921 Yankee Ruth hits home runs 57 and 58 to beat the Indians 8-7
German Passive Resistance Ends
1923 Gustav Stresemann‘s German government ends passive resistance against the French-Belgian occupation of the Ruhr
- 1923 The Commonwealth Conference is held in London, where Britain recognizes the right of the Dominions to make treaties with foreign powers
- 1925 Italian submarine “Sebastiano Veniero” is lost off Sicily with 54 dead
And So to Bed
1926 J.B. Fagan’s stage drama “And So to Bed,” based on the life of Samuel Pepys, premieres in London
- 1926 Yankees lose 6-1 in 72 minutes and lose again 6-2 in 55 minutes to Browns in the shortest doubleheader; Yankees have already clinched the pennant
- 1927 St. James Theatre (Erlanger) opens at 246 W 44th St, New York City
- 1929 Johann Schober becomes Chancellor of Austria
- 1933 Sidney Kingsley’s play “Men in White” premieres in NYC (Pulitzer Prize for Drama 1934)
- 1934 British ocean liner RMS Queen Mary is launched, winning the Blue Riband for the fastest passenger crossing of the Atlantic in 1936 and from 1938 to 1952, and is retired in 1967, permanently moored and converted to a hotel in Long Beach, California
- 1939 German seaplane shoots KLM aircraft, killing 1
- 1940 Japanese troops attack French Indo China
- 1940 Luftwaffe bombs Spitfire factory in Woolston, Southampton for the second time, killing 30 people
- 1944 Soviet forces occupy Estonia
- 1944 World War II: The Battle of Arnhem ends in Allied failure as German forces link up on both sides of the Lower Rhine River and eliminate the last British resistance
- 1945 All old Dutch banknotes are declared invalid
- 1948 Boston Braves win their first NL championship since 1914
1949 Groundbreaking ceremony for the Hollywood sign in Hollywood, Los Angeles; old Hollywoodland sign is torn down, and reconstruction of a replacement begins with just Hollywood
- 1950 A blue moon appears in England due to smoke from the Chinchaga firestorm in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada
- 1950 Phillies pitcher Jim Konstanty makes a record 71st appearance of the year
- 1950 UN troops in the Korean War recapture the South Korean capital of Seoul
- 1951 Professor Youngblood demonstrates an artificial heart in Paris
- 1952 Yankees clinch fourth consecutive and 19th American League pennant, beating Athletics 5-2
- 1953 KERO TV channel 23 in Bakersfield, CA (CBS/NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1953 Polish government fires and imprisons Cardinal Wyszynski
- 1953 Shortstop Billy Hunter smashes the final home run in St. Louis Browns history during a 6-3 loss to the Chicago White Sox at Busch Stadium as the franchise moves to Baltimore next season
- 1953 US and Spain sign defense treaty (four US bases in Spain)
- 1954 Japanese ferry boat Toya Maru sinks in the Strait of Tsugaru during a typhoon; 1,153 people die
- 1954 KODE TV channel 12 in Joplin, MO (ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1954 KUTV TV channel 2 in Salt Lake City, UT (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1954 The Athletics defeat the Yankees 8-6 in the last game the franchise will play in Philadelphia
- 1954 WANE TV channel 15 in Fort Wayne, IN (CBS) begins broadcasting
- 1954 WCAX TV channel 3 in Burlington, VT (CBS) begins broadcasting
- 1955 New York Stock Exchange experiences its worst price decline since 1929
- 1957 USSR performs a nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeastern Kazakhstan
- 1958 Columbia (US) beats Sceptre (Britain) in the 18th America’s Cup
- 1958 US performsa nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
Baseball History
1959 Milwaukee Braves’ Warren Spahn becomes the winningest NL lefty
- 1959 SF Giants’ Sam Jones throws his second no-hitter, defeating the St. Louis Cardinals 4-0
- 1959 Typhoon Vera hits the Japanese island of Honshu, causing the deaths of 4,580 people with 658 missing
Castro’s Four Hour Speech
1960 Cuban leader Fidel Castro delivers a 4-hour and 29-minute long speech at the United Nations
- 1960 First of four TV debates between Nixon and Kennedy takes place in Chicago
Sports History
1962 LA Dodgers shortstop Maury Wills becomes first player in MLB history to steal 100 bases (en route to 104)
- 1962 The Yemen Arab Republic is proclaimed, commemorated annually as September Revolution Day
- 1962 TV comedy series “The Beverly Hillbillies” premieres on CBS
- 1963 First edition of the New York Review of Books
- 1963 Lee Harvey Oswald travels on a Continental Trailways bus to Mexico City
- 1964 Braves (25) and Phillies (18) set a record by using 43 players in 9 innings
- 1968 “Oliver!,” directed by Carol Reed and starring Mark Lester and Ron Moody, premieres in London (Best Picture 1969)
- 1968 First broadcast of “Hawaii Five-O” on CBS TV
- 1968 Marcelo Caetano is elected premier of Portugal
- 1968 St. Louis Cardinals’ Bob Gibson’s 13th shutout ends with a 1.12 ERA
- 1968 Theater censorship ends in Britain
- 1969 Apple Records releases The Beatles’ 11th studio album “Abbey Road,” their final recordings as a quartet, topping the charts in 11 countries
- 1969 Bolivian military coup under General Ovando Candia
The Brady Bunch
1969 TV sitcom “The Brady Bunch,” created by Sherwood Schwartz, premieres on ABC in the US
- 1969 USSR performs an underground nuclear test
- 1970 A group of Protestant youths attacks the Catholic Unity Flats as rioting continues in the Protestant Shankill Road area
- 1970 Laguna Fire starts in San Diego County, California, burning 175,425 acres (710 km²)
- 1971 Jim Palmer is the fourth Oriole to win at least 20 games this season
- 1971 MP David Bleakley resigns in protest over the introduction of internment and the lack of any new political initiatives by the Northern Ireland government
- 1971 WGBY TV channel 57 in Springfield, MA (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1972 American Museum of Immigration is dedicated
- 1972 Norway rejects membership in the European Economic Community
- 1973 Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic from Washington, D.C. to Paris in a record-breaking time of 3 hours and 33 minutes
- 1973 Turkey’s state of siege ends after 2½ years
Walls & Bridges
1974 Apple Records releases John Lennon‘s fifth studio album, “Walls & Bridges,” in the US, featuring the No. 1 single “Whatever Gets You Through the Night” (with Elton John) and “#9 Dream”
- 1974 US performs a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
- 1975 Phillies and NY Mets play a doubleheader that ends at 3:15 am
- 1976 China performs a nuclear test at Lop Nor, China
- 1976 Denver’s Rick Upchurch returns two punts for touchdowns against Cleveland
- 1976 Phillies clinch their first NL East Division title
- 1977 British airline entrepreneur Sir Freddie Laker begins cut-rate “Skytrain” service from London to New York
- 1977 Cleveland Browns play their first overtime game, beating the Patriots 30-27
- 1978 Brotherhood of Railway and Airline Clerks (BRAC) goes on strike, halting more than two-thirds of the rail service
- 1978 New York District Court Judge Constance Baker Motley rules that women sportswriters cannot be banned from locker rooms
- 1979 1984 Summer Los Angeles Olympic coverage is sold to ABC for $225 million
- 1979 US performs a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
- 1980 Bomb attack at Oktoberfest in Munich kills 12
- 1980 Cuban government closes Mariel Harbor, ending “Freedom Flotilla”
- 1980 Soviet spacecraft Soyuz 38 returns to Earth
Baseball History
1981 MLB Houston Astros pitcher Nolan Ryan throws his 5th career no-hitter in a 5-0 win over the Los Angeles Dodgers at the Astrodome
- 1981 USSR performs an underground nuclear test
- 1983 Ali Haji-Sheikh kicks a 56-yard field goal, setting a New York Giants record
- 1983 Australia II wins the America’s Cup yacht race, becoming the first non-US winner in 132 years
- 1983 Cardinals’ Bob Forsch pitches his second career no-hitter, beating the Montreal Expos 3-0 in St. Louis
- 1983 Cosmonauts Titov and Strekalov are saved from the exploding Soyuz T-10
- 1983 Lebanon Premier Shafik Wazzan offers to resign
- 1983 Soviet military officer Lt. Col. Stanislav Petrov averts a worldwide nuclear war by judging a supposed missile attack from the US to be an error
- 1984 5,251 turn out to see the Phillies play the NY Mets at Shea Stadium
McCartney Paternity Suit Thrown Out
1984 Berlin appeals court clears Paul McCartney in a paternity suit
- 1984 Britain and China initial an agreement to return Hong Kong to China in 1997
- 1984 Dutch Queen Beatrix opens university
- 1984 Philadelphia’s Juan Samuel sets a record for steals by a rookie with his 72nd
Bobby Ewing Returns
1986 Bobby Ewing (Patrick Duffy) returns to the TV show “Dallas” as his death is attributed to his wife Pam’s bad dream, erasing all of the previous season
- 1986 Run-DMC is the first rap group to hit the top 10 with “Raising Hell”
- 1986 William Hubbs Rehnquist is sworn in as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
- 1987 Padre Benito Santiago sets rookie hitting streak at 28 games
- 1988 Canada’s Ben Johnson is stripped of his 100-m gold after failing a drug test
- 1988 Polish Communist Party selects propaganda chief Rakowski as new prime minister
- 1988 Rockefeller Center in New York City is declared a national landmark
- 1988 Soviet throwers sweep the medals in the hammer throw at the Seoul Olympics; Sergey Litvinov wins gold with an Olympic record of 84.80 m ahead of teammates Yuriy Sedykh and Jüri Tamm
- 1988 US space shuttle STS-26 is launched
- 1989 Last Vietnamese soldiers leave Cambodia
Call to Destroy Chemical Weapons
1989 Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze calls for the total destruction of Soviet and US chemical weapons
- 1992 Nigerian Air Force Hercules C-130 crashes three minutes after takeoff from Lagos, Nigeria, killing 163
- 1992 Phil Pecota becomes the first position player to pitch for the New York Mets in a 19-2 loss to the Pirates
- 1992 Tsuruhiko Kiuchi rediscovers Comet Swift-Tuttle, the first time it is spotted since 1862
- 1993 Cubs bat out of order against Pirates in the second inning
1993 French Williams driver Alain Prost finishes second in the Portuguese Grand Prix at Estoril to clinch his fourth F1 World Drivers’ Championship; after the race, Prost announces his retirement at the end of the season
- 1993 Indians win their final game at Cleveland Stadium, defeating the Brewers 6-4
- 1993 Seattle’s Randy Johnson joins 300-strikeout club
- 1994 Estonian government of Prime Minister Mart Laar is defeated by a no-confidence vote
- 1994 Switzerland bans racist propaganda
- 1995 Sri Lanka completes a 2-1 Test Cricket series win in Pakistan after being down 0-1
Baseball Record
1996 San Francisco Giants’ Barry Bonds is the second MLB player to hit 40 home runs and steal 40 bases in a season
- 1996 Space Shuttle STS 79 (Atlantis 17) lands
- 1997 An earthquake strikes the Italian regions of Umbria and Marche, causing part of the Basilica of St. Francis in Assisi to collapse
- 2000 Anti-globalization protests in Prague, involving approximately 20,000 protesters, turn violent during the IMF and World Bank summits
- 2000 MS Express Samina sinks off Paros in the Aegean Sea, killing 80 passengers
- 2002 Overcrowded Senegalese ferry MV Joola capsizes off the coast of Gambia, killing more than 1,000
- 2004 Canadian runner Ed Whitlock (73) becomes the first person over 70 to complete a marathon in under 3 hours (2:54:48) at the Toronto Marathon, Ontario
Sports History
2006 Chris Sharma free solos Es Pontàs in Mallorca, Spain, the world’s first 9a+ (5.15a) deep-water solo route
Drug Lord Orejuela Sentenced
2006 Colombian drug lord Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela is sentenced to 30 years in a US prison after pleading guilty to cocaine conspiracy charges
Shinzō Abe Term Ends
2007 Shinzo Abe formally ends his first term as Prime Minister of Japan
Downton Abbey
2010 TV period drama “Downton Abbey,” created by Julian Fellowes and starring Hugh Bonneville and an ensemble cast, premieres in the UK
- 2012 Greek trade unions call a general strike to protest austerity measures
- 2012 Japanese automakers suspend operations in China
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