- 404 Arsacius of Tarsus is installed as puppet Archbishop of Constantinople after the expulsion of John Chrysostom, prompting people of the city to worship outside the city walls in protest
- 678 St Agatho begins his reign as Catholic Pope
- 992 Battle of Conquereuil won by the Count of Anjou, Fulk the Black, defeating Conan I, Count of Brittany, in western France
- 1192 Ladislaus I, Árpád dynasty King (1077-95) venerated as Roman Catholic saint
- 1358 Republic of Dubrovnik is founded
Cabrillo Departs
1542 Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo sets sail from the Mexican port of Navidad on the first European voyage to explore the west coast of North America for the Spanish Empire
- 1552 Cathedral Church of Charcas established in Charcas, Spanish Empire (later La Plata, now Sucre, Bolivia) [1]
- 1580 Duke of Alva’s army occupies Portugal
- 1598 Disastrous Dutch expedition to find new spice routes and harass Spanish territories leaves Rotterdam, only one of the five ships with just 36 crew ever return [1]
- 1652 New Amsterdam (now New York City) enacts first speed limit law in North America
- 1693 First Sea Battle of Lagos: French fleet under Anne Hilarion de Tourville defeats an Anglo-Dutch fleet under George Rooke
- 1697 Polish parliament selects monarch August of Saxony as king
Battle of Poltava
1709 Great Northern War: Peter the Great of Russia defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava; Charles goes into exile in Bender, Ottoman Empire
Bonnie Prince Charlie Slips Away
1746 Flora MacDonald helps Bonnie Prince Charlie, disguised as Betty Burke an Irish maid, evade capture by landing him on the Isle of Skye
- 1756 French fleet conquer St Philips Castle of Minorca
Siege of Quebec
1759 British general James Wolfe begins the siege of Quebec.
1778 Liberty Bell returns home to Philadelphia after the British departure
- 1806 Buenos Aires captured by British
- 1833 Prudence Crandall, a white woman, arrested for conducting an academy for black females at Canterbury, Connecticut
- 1847 New York and Boston are linked by telegraph wires
- 1857 Bibighar massacre of 120 British women and children following the siege of Cawnpore
Donnelly Freud Intensifies
1857 James Donnelly becomes engaged in a drunken brawl with Patrick Farrell, who suffers a fatal blow to the head. Farrell dies two days later, which makes James Donnelly a wanted man and draws the Donnelly family into the notorious feud
- 1860 First running of the Queen’s Plate at Toronto’s Carleton Track – North America’s oldest continuously run horse race [1]
- 1862 -28] Battle at Garnett’s/Golding’s Farms, Virginia
- 1862 Battle of Gaines’s Mill, VA (Cold Harbor, Chickahominy Bluffs) Day 3
- 1863 Skirmish at Fairfax Courthouse, Virginia
Battle of Kennesaw Mountain
1864 US Civil War: Atlanta Campaign – Battle of Kennesaw Mountain, Georgia: Union General Sherman makes unsuccessful frontal attack on Confederate defense
- 1864 US Civil War: Atlanta Campaign: Battle of Kennesaw Mountain, Georgia: Colonel Sherman makes unsuccessful frontal attack on Confederate defensive lin
- 1867 Bank of California opens doors
- 1876 1st NLer to get 6 hits in 9 inn game (Dave Force, Philadelphia Athletics)
- 1876 Democratic Party elects Samuel Tilden as US presidential candidate
- 1890 Canadian boxer George Dixon becomes first black world champion when he stops English bantamweight champion Edwin “Nunc” Wallace in 18 rounds in London, England
Majors and Minors
1896 Review of Paul Laurence Dunbar‘s second book, “Majors and Minors” by William Dean Howells in “Harper’s Weekly” brings the poet to national attention
1898 Canadian-American adventurer Joshua Slocum arrives in Newport, Rhode Island, completing the 1st solo circumnavigation of the globe
- 1905 Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) is established at “The “Continental Congress of the Working Class” in Chicago, Illinois; members include representatives of the Socialist Labor Party/Socialist Trades & Labor Alliance, Socialist Party of America, Western Federation of Miners and the International Working People’s Association
- 1905 Russian sailors mutiny aboard battleship “Potemkin” and sail for Odessa
- 1906 The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) established in London with Lord Kelvin as President to standardize electrical units and terms [1]
Johnson vs Moran
1914 Defending champion Jack Johnson beats fellow American Frank Moran on points in 20 rounds in Paris, France to retain his lineal heavyweight boxing title
- 1914 US signs treaty of commerce with Ethiopia
- 1915 100°F (38°C), Fort Yukon, Alaska (state record)
- 1915 Dutch SDAP demonstrates against conscription
Greece Joins the Allies
1917 Eleftherios Venizelos takes over as Prime Minister of Greece and severs relations with Central Powers, bringing Greece onside with the Allies in WWI
1923 Capt. Lowell H. Smith and Lt. John P. Richter perform the first ever aerial refueling in a DH-4B biplane
- 1929 First color television demonstration is performed by Bell Laboratories in NYC
- 1929 German President Paul von Hindenburg refuses to pay the German reparation debt of WWI
- 1934 Federal Savings & Loan Association created
- 1935 Danno O’Mahoney beats Jim Londos in Boston, to become wrestling champ
- 1939 1st night game at Cleveland Municipal Stadium (Indians 5, Tigers 0)
- 1939 Brooklyn Dodgers tie Boston Bees, 2-2 in 23 innings; called on account of darkness after 5 hours 15 minutes
- 1940 Soviet Army attacks Romania
1940 USSR returns to the Gregorian calendar, using Sunday as a rest day, after 6 years using a Russian six-day calendar
- 1941 Bialystok Poland falls to Germany
- 1941 Nazi manifest against the Jews in Amsterdam
- 1942 FBI captures 8 Nazi saboteurs from a sub off NY’s Long Island
- 1942 PQ-17 convoy leaves Iceland for Archangelsk
- 1943 Elly Dammers throws Dutch record spear (41,43m)
- 1943 Fanny Blankers-Koen runs Dutch record 200m (24.5)
- 1944 Cherbourg, France liberated by Allies
- 1945 Foundation 1940-45 established
- 1947 98°F (36.8°C) in De Bilt, Netherlands
- 1947 WRC TV channel 4 in Washington, D.C. (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1949 “Captain Video & His Video Rangers” debut on DUMONT-TV – Television’s first sci-fi series
US Enters Korean War
1950 North Korean troops reach Seoul, causing the UN to ask member states to aid South Korea. Harry Truman orders the US Air Force and Navy into the Korean conflict.
- 1950 South Africa heeds United Nations call to assist Korea
- 1950 US sends 35 military advisers to South Vietnam
- 1953 Joseph Laniel appointed French premier
Guatemalan Government Overthrown
1954 CIA-sponsored rebels overthrow the democratically elected government of Guatemala and force President Jacobo Árbenz to resign
- 1954 First nuclear power station opens, in Obninsk near Moscow, Russia
- 1954 Hungary beats Brazil, 4-2 in the “Battle of Berne” as FIFA World Cup quarter-final descends into an all-out brawl with 3 players sent-off; fighting continues in dressing rooms after final whistle
- 1955 “Julius LaRosa Show” debuts on CBS-TV
- 1955 First automobile seat belt legislation enacted, in Illinois
- 1956 MLB Cleveland Indians trailing Baltimore Orioles 9-1, come back to win 12-11 in 11 innings
- 1957 Hurricane Audrey, kills 526 in Louisiana & Texas
- 1957 The British Medical Research Council publishes a report suggesting a direct link between smoking and lung cancer.
- 1958 Billy Pierce’s perfect game bid broken with 2 outs in 9th
- 1958 Harry Burrell flies KC-135 record (5:27:42.8) NY to London
- 1960 British Somaliland becomes part of Somalia
- 1960 Chlorophyll “A” synthesized in Cambridge, Massachusetts
Election of Interest
1960 Joseph Kasa-Vubu is sworn in as the 1st President of the Republic of the Congo after being elected by the two chambers of Parliament
- 1960 Oil pipe line from Rotterdam-Ruhrgebied opens
- 1961 Ghana imposes a total ban on exports to South Africa and South West Africa
- 1962 Dutch soccer clubs Rapid JC and Roda Sports merge to form Roda JC Kerkrade; KNVB Cup winners 1996–97, 1999–2000
- 1962 In South Africa, the General Law Amendment Act (Sabotage Act) No 76 commences, increasing the state president’s power to declare organisations unlawful and to add further restrictions to banning orders
- 1963 Billy J Kramer & Dakotas record Lennon-McCartney song “I Call Your Name”
- 1963 MLB Philadelphia Phillies Johnny Callison hits for cycle, but teammate centerfielder Tony Gonzalez’s error ends his record 205 consecutive errorless games
- 1963 USAF Major Robert A Rushworth, flying in X-15 rocket powered aircraft, reaches altitude 285,000 feet (86,868 meters)
- 1964 “Sie Liebt Dich (She Loves You)” by Die Beatles peaks at #97
- 1966 Dark Shadows, American Gothic soap opera, premieres on ABC-TV
- 1967 Race riot in Buffalo NY (200 arrested)
- 1967 World’s first ATM is installed by Barclays Bank in Enfield, London
- 1968 Ludvik Vaculik publishes “Manifest of 2000 words” in Prague
- 1969 Honduras/El Salvador breaks diplomatic relations due to soccer match
Music History
1970 Festival Express opens in Toronto, Canada – The Grateful Dead, The Band, Janis Joplin, Flying Burrito Bros, Buddy Guy, Great Speckled Bird, and Delaney & Bonnie & Friends cross Canada together by train, for 5 shows in 3 cities
- 1970 Following the arrest of Bernadette Devlin, intense riots erupt in Derry and Belfast leading to a prolonged gun battle between Irish republicans and loyalists
- 1971 Bill Graham’s New York rock venue Fillmore East closes down, to be succeeded by Fillmore West in San Francisco
Film & TV History
1972 Legendary video game and home computer Atari, Inc. founded by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney in Sunnyvale, California
Live & Let Die
1973 “Live & Let Die”, 8th James Bond Film, 1st to star Roger Moore, also starring Jane Seymour, 1st released in the US
- 1973 John Dean tells Watergate Committee about Nixon’s “enemies list”
- 1973 Uruguayan president Juan Maria Bordaberry dissolves parliament and heads a coup d’état – beginning of the civic-military dictatorship
- 1974 American TV variety program “The Flip Wilson Show” last airs on NBC-TV, after 4 seasons, winning 2 Emmy Awards
- 1974 US President Nixon visits USSR
- 1976 Air France A-300B Airbus hijacked from Athens arrives at Entebbe, Uganda; four hijackers, members of Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and Bader-Meinhof Gang in Germany
- 1976 In South Africa, the National President of the Black People’s Convention, Kenneth Hlaku Rachidi, declares that riots in Soweto have lead to a new era of political consciousness
- 1976 Portuguese general Antonio Eanes elected president
- 1977 5-4 Supreme Court decision allows lawyers to advertise
- 1977 Djibouti (Afars & Issas) claims Independence from France
- 1978 Henry Rono of Kenya sets record for 3,000 m, 7:32.1
- 1978 Soyuz 30 carries 2 cosmonauts (1 Polish) to Salyut 6 space station
- 1978 US Seasat 1, 1st oceanographic satellite, launched into polar orbit
Sports History
1979 Heavyweight Muhammad Ali confirms that his 3rd retirement is final (it isn’t)
- 1979 Supreme Court rules employers may use quotas to help minorities
- 1980 1st female state police graduates (NJ)
- 1980 Dodgers’ Jerry Reuss no-hits SF Giants 8-0
- 1980 Italian plane crashes into Tyrrheense Sea, kills 81
- 1980 US revives draft registration
Assassination Attempt
1981 Ali Khamenei narrowly escapes an assassination attempt by the Mujaheddin-e Khalq, when a bomb concealed in a tape recorder, explodes on a desk in front of him
- 1981 Cambodia adopts its constitution
- 1981 Pamela Jenks, aged 21, is crowned the 14th Miss Black America
- 1982 “Play Me a Country Song” opens & closes at Virginia Theater NYC
- 1982 4th NASA Space Shuttle Mission: Columbia 4 (STS-4) launches
- 1983 Highest price paid for painting by a living artist 960,200 pounds – Joan Miro
- 1983 Maxie Anderson and Don Ida, American balloonists, die during a crash landing in endurance race in Schweinfurt, West Germany
- 1983 MLB Seattle Mariners bat out of order against Chicago White Sox in 2nd inning
- 1983 NASA launches space vehicle S-205
- 1983 Soyuz T-9 carries 2 cosmonauts to Salyut 7 space station
- 1984 Fire destroys a set in “A View to a Kill”
- 1984 Late Night’s 1st Tower Drop
- 1984 Supreme Court ends NCAA monopoly on college football telecasts
- 1985 First hotel strike in New York City
- 1985 Route 66 (Chicago to Santa Monica) is decommissioned
- 1986 American tennis player Anne White shocks Wimbledon by wearing a white, one-piece, lycra body suit in 1st round match against Pam Shriver; wears regular outfit after rain break
Event of Interest
1986 Ibrahim Babangida‘s regime in Nigeria launches the ‘Structural Adjustment Program” to restructure the Nigerian economy via deregulation and privatization with the support of the IMF and the World Bank
- 1986 In referendum, Irish uphold ban on divorce
- 1986 Robby Thompson (SF Giants) sets record, caught stealing 4 times in 1 game
- 1986 South African Journalist and founder of the ‘New Nation’ newspaper, Zwelakhe Sisulu is abducted; he was released 721 days later on 2 December 1988
- 1986 US informs New Zealand it will no longer defend NZ against attack due to its nuclear-free policy
- 1986 World Court rules US aid to Nicaraguan contras illegal
- 1987 “The Living Daylights”, 15th James Bond film, 1st film to star Timothy Dalton premieres in London
- 1987 In South Africa, the Afrikaans Protestant Church, a breakaway faction of Dutch Reformed Church, is formed
Boxing Title Fight
1988 Mike Tyson KOs Michael Spink in 91 seconds, in Atlantic City ($67m)
- 1988 Reds bat out of order against Padres in 1st inning
- 1990 NBA Draft: Syracuse power forward Derrick Coleman first pick by New Jersey Nets
Event of Interest
1990 Salman Rushdie, condemned to death by Iran, contributes $8,600 to help earthquake victims in the country
- 1992 Dan O’Brien fails on pole vault & eliminated from Olympics decathlon
- 1992 Daryl Gates retires as LA police chief
Music History
1993 Don Henley booed in Milwaukee when he dedicates the song “It’s Not Easy Being Green” to President Clinton
- 1993 NY Met pitcher Anthony Young loses record 24th straight game
- 1994 118°F (47.8°C) at Lakewood, New Mexico a state record
- 1994 Aerosmith is the first major band to let fans download a full new track for free from the internet
- 1994 NY Daily News increases prices to 50 cents
- 1995 Holland’s debut in English domestic comp (v Northants, NatWest)
- 1995 Mason City Iowa’s TV news personality Jodi Huisentruit disappears
- 1995 Space shuttle STS-71 (Atlantis 14), launches
- 1995 William Alford, an engineer for rival radio station WMMS, is sentenced to 10 days in jail and fined $1,000 for cutting the feed during Howard Stern’s live broadcast from Cleveland
- 1998 Kuala Lumpur International Airport opens in Malaysia
- 1998 NHL Draft: Rimouski Oceanic (QMJHL) center Vincent Lecavalier first pick by Tampa Bay Lightning
- 1999 ATB go to No.1 on the UK singles chart with “9pm, Till I Come”
- 1999 The Chemical Brothers go #1 on the UK album chart with ‘Surrender’, their second #1 album
- 2001 NBA Draft: Glynn Academy center Kwame Brown first pick by Washington Wizards
Beatification
2001 Pope John Paul II beatifies 28 Ukrainian Greek Catholics, including 27 martyrs most of whom were killed by the Soviet secret police. Beatification takes place at the service in Lviv, western Ukraine during his first visit to this country.
- 2001 The International Court of Justice finds against the United States in its judgement in the LaGrand Case.
- 2003 The United States National Do Not Call Registry, formed to combat unwanted telemarketing calls and administered by the Federal Trade Commission, enrolls almost three-quarters of a million phone numbers on its first day.
- 2005 “Bad Day” single is released by Daniel Powter, 1st song to sell 2 million digital copies in the US (Billboard Song of the Year 2006)
- 2007 The Brazilian Military Police invades the favelas of Complexo do Alemão in an episode which is remembered as the Complexo do Alemão massacre.
Event of Interest
2008 Bill Gates steps down as Chairman of Microsoft Corporation to work full time for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
- 2009 The Tower of Hercules in northern Spain – only preserved Roman lighthouse still in use is inscribed as a World Heritage Site [1]
- 2013 NBA Draft: UNLV power forward Anthony Bennett first pick Cleveland Cavaliers
- 2013 Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj is re-elected President of Mongolia
- 2014 NHL Coyotes franchise changes geographic name from “Phoenix” to “Arizona” after change of ownership
- 2016 US Supreme Court strikes down Texas law restricting abortion 5-3
- 2017 African Development Bank president Akinwumi Adesina wins the World Food Prize
Event of Interest
2017 Colombia’s rebel group FARC officially end armed existence after 52 years in ceremony with President Juan Manuel Santos in Mesetas
- 2017 European Union fines Google record $2.7 billion for unfair competition practices
- 2017 Petya malware cyber-attack affects organisations in more than 64 countries
Sports History
2017 Tennis star Serena Williams poses pregnant and nude for the cover of “Vanity Fair”
- 2018 Complex carbon-based molecules found by Cassini spacecraft on Saturn moon Enceladus, previously only ever found on earth and meteorites in research published in “Nature”
Election of Interest
2018 Democrat Representative Joseph Crowley is defeated in New York Primary election by liberal challenger Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez
- 2018 French government introduces plan to bring back national service for 16 year-olds
- 2018 Japanese spacecraft Hayabusa 2 arrives at diamond-shaped asteroid Ryugu
Event of Interest
2018 Malaysian police announce seizure of goods linked to former prime minister Najib Razak, worth $273 million, biggest in the country’s history, including 567 handbags and 14 tiaras
- 2018 President Salva Kiir of South Sudan and former Vice President Riek MacharSouth sign peace deal to end four-year civil war
Event of Interest
2018 US Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy announces he will retire on July 31
- 2019 Chief Apple designer Jony Ive, designer of the iMac and the iPhone, announces he is leaving Apple after 30 years
- 2019 US Supreme Court rules 2020 census cannot contain a question about citizenship in a 5-4 ruling
- 2019 US Supreme Court rules the Constitution doesn’t prohibit partisan gerrymandering, allowing a ruling party to redraw electoral boundaries
- 2020 Ireland’s coalition government appoints Micheál Martin as Prime Minister after four months of negotiations
- 2020 Locust invasion labelled ‘Swarmageddon’ by The Times of India as it reaches Delhi
- 2021 Boat sinks off Tunisia, drowning 43 migrants with 84 rescued by Tunisian navy [1]
- 2021 Heat dome envelops the Pacific Northwest with Portland posting highest temperature since records began of 112 F (broken the next day)
- 2021 Hottest temperature ever recorded in Canada at 46.6 C (116 F) in Lytton, British Columbia (breaks record 2 days later with 49.6 C)
- 2022 51 migrants die after being found inside an abandoned truck in San Antonio, Texas in extreme heat, with 16 people hospitalized [1]
- 2022 First rocket launch in Australia for 25 years and NASA’s first commercial spaceport outside the US for sub-orbital rocket from Arnhem Space Centre, Northern Territory [1]
- 2022 Russian missile strike on Ukrainian shopping center in Kremenchuk, with 1000 people inside kills at least 13 [1]
- 2023 Archaeologists in Roman city of Pompeii uncover a “pizza” painting in a fresco from house next to a bakery (more likely flatbread as lacks essential ingredients tomatoes and mozzarella) [1]
- 2023 Austrian artist Gustav Klimt’s last completed portrait “Dame mit Fächer” (Lady with a Fan) sells for £85.3 million ($108.4 million) in London – most expensive artwork sold at a European auction [1]
- 2023 French police officer shoots dead a 17-year old at a traffic stop in Paris, prompting a wave of violent protests across the country [1]
Seacrest to Host Wheel of Fortune
2023 Ryan Seacrest announced as the new host of “Wheel of Fortune”, to replace long-time host Pat Sajak in 2024 [1]
- 2023 US Supreme Court rejects the “independent state legislature” theory that would have given state legislatures power to set rules for federal elections and draw congressional maps [1]
Biden Debates Trump
2024 First debate between presumptive US presidential candidates Joe Biden and Donald Trump, hosted by CNN, raises fears about Biden as he appears to stumble with his words [1]
Event of Interest
2025 Glastonbury Festival in Pilton, England opens: The 1975, Neil Young, and Olivia Rodrigo headline; other performers include Rod Stewart, The Script, Nile Rodgers & Chic; Charli XCX, John Fogerty, and The Searchers
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