- 683 Leo II ends his reign as Catholic Pope
- 767 St Paul I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
- 1098 Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul
- 1119 Battle of Sarmada – Emir Ilghazi defeats French Crusaders
- 1245 1st Council of Lyon (13th ecumenical council) opens
- 1485 Gent/Brugge/Ieper recognize Maximilian of Austria as regent of Netherlands
- 1675 Battle of Fehrbellin: Brandenburg-Prussian troops defeat Sweden
- 1675 King Philip’s War: Colonial militia destroys Wampanoag settlement at Mount Hope in Bristol, Rhode Island, in response to recent attacks at Swansea, Massachusetts
Siege of Cuneo
1691 Siege of Cuneo ends in a French defeat and a loss of 700–800 troops after Imperial cavalry arrives to relieve forces led by Duke of Savoy Victor Amadeus II (Nine Years’ War)
Catherine the Great Seizes Power
1762 Russian Tsarina Catherine II seizes power, declaring herself sovereign ruler of Russia
1776 Final draft of Declaration of Independence submitted to Continental Congress
- 1778 Battle of Monmouth, New Jersey (General Washington beats Clinton)
- 1778 Mary Ludwig Hayes “Molly Pitcher” aids American patriots
- 1807 British troops land at Ensenada, Argentina
- 1820 Colonel Robert Gibbon proves tomatoes are not poisonous by eating a tomato on the steps of a courthouse in Salem, New Jersey
- 1832 Gerrit Moll measures the noise of guns
- 1833 Three missionaries of the Paris Evangelical Missionary Society obtain permission from Chief Moshoeshoe (Moshesh) to found a mission station in Basutoland (now Lesotho)
- 1841 The Théâtre de l’Académie Royale de Musique in Paris premieres the ballet Giselle
- 1846 The saxophone is patented by Antoine-Joseph “Adolfe” Sax
- 1855 Sigma Chi Fraternity is founded at Miami University
- 1859 First dog show is held, in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
- 1861 Leipzig Observatory discovers short-period (6.2 yrs) Comet d’Arrest
- 1862 Day 4 of 7 Day Battle of Savage’s Station [Garnett’s Farm] in Virginia
- 1863 American Civil War: Second Battle of Donaldsonville, Louisiana – Union forces successfully repel Confederate attack on Fort Butler, on the Mississippi River
- 1865 The Army of the Potomac is disbanded
- 1869 Amsterdam typographer strike
- 1870 U.S. Congress creates federal holidays (New Year’s Day, Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day), initially applicable only to federal employees
- 1874 Freedmen’s Bank closes
- 1887 MLB Philadelphia Quakers (later Phillies) win most lopsided shut-out in franchise history, 24-0, over Hoosiers at Seventh Street Ballpark in Indianapolis, Indiana
- 1892 Phillies tie club record of 16 straight victories
- 1894 Labor Day established as a holiday for US federal employees
- 1894 The Natal Legislature plans to introduce the Indian Franchise Bill, South Africa
- 1895 El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua form Central American Union
Gauguin Leaves for Tahiti
1895 Painter Paul Gauguin leaves France for Tahiti for the second time and never returns
- 1897 Marquis C. de Bonchamps’ expedition reaches Gore, Ethiopia
- 1902 Germany, Italy, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire renew their Triple Alliance for six more years
- 1902 US buys concession to build Panama canal from French for $40 million
- 1902 US Congress authorizes Louisiana Purchase Expo $1 gold coin
- 1904 International Anti-Military Cooperation (IAMV) forms in Amsterdam
- 1904 SS Norge runs aground and sinks off Rockall in the North Atlantic; more than 635 die, the largest maritime loss of life until the Titanic
Senators’ Record Steal
1907 MLB Washington Senators steal a record 13 bases off of New York Highlanders catcher Branch Rickey
First Zeppelin Flies with Passengers
1910 First airship with passengers, the Zeppelin LZ7 Deutschland, makes its maiden voyage and gets stuck in trees on Mount Limberg, Lower Saxony, injuring one crew member
- 1911 Joseph Caillaux forms government in France
1914 Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and his wife Sophie are assassinated by Bosnian-Serb assassin Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo, setting off a chain of alliances and events that lead to World War I
1919 Treaty of Versailles is signed in France, ending World War I and establishing the League of Nations
Queen’s UK State Visit
1923 Queen Wilhelmina and Prince Henry of the Netherlands state visit to London, England
- 1924 Test cricket umpire debut for Frank Chester, v South Africa at Lord’s
- 1924 Tornado strikes Sandusky and Lorain, Ohio, killing 93
- 1926 Mercedes-Benz forms when the world’s oldest automobile manufacturers DMG and Benz & Cie merge
- 1928 Friedrich Schmiedl attempts rocket mail in Austria (unsuccessful)
- 1928 NY Governor Alfred E. Smith is nominated for US President at the Democratic Convention
- 1930 First night game in Detroit at the newly built Hamtramck Stadium as the Negro League Detroit Stars take on the KC Monarchs
- 1934 Adolf Hitler flies to Essen, Germany for the “Night of the Long Knives”
- 1935 Earl Averill‘s consecutive-game streak ends at 673
- 1939 Pan Am opens southern route transatlantic air service (Dixie Clipper)
- 1939 Yanks hit 13 HRs, sweep A’s 23-2 & 10-0
- 1940 “Quiz Kids?” premieres on radio
- 1940 Romania cedes Bessarabia to Soviet Union
- 1941 German and Romanian soldiers kill 11,000 Jews in Kishinev
- 1941 German troops occupy Galicia, Poland
- 1942 Col-gen Von Hoth’ 6th Pantser enters Voronezj
- 1945 Polish Provisional government of National Unity set up by Soviets
- 1946 Enrico de Nicola becomes 1st President of Italy
- 1946 Permanent radio play-by-play of Cleveland Indians games begins
- 1947 “Tim-Tayshun” (“Temptation”) novelty single by Red Ingle with Jo Stafford (billed as Cinderella G. Stump) hits #1
- 1948 British begin airlift “Operation Plainfare” to West Berlin
- 1950 North Korean forces capture Seoul, South Korea in opening phase of the Korean War
- 1951 “Amos ‘n’ Andy” premieres on CBS TV
- 1954 111°F (44°C) at Camden, South Carolina (state record)
- 1956 Riots break out in Poznan, Poland, 38 die
- 1956 The first atomic reactor built for private research operates in Chicago, Illinois
- 1957 Reds’ fans stuff ballot box, electing 8 Reds as All Star starters
- 1958 American swimmer Nancy Ramey sets world record for 100m butterfly in 1:09.6 in Los Angeles, California
1958 US Open Women’s Golf, Forest Lake CC: Mickey Wright wins 1st of 4 Open titles by 5 from Louise Suggs; 1st player to win Open & LPGA in same year
- 1959 Meldrim trestle disaster; freight train derails over Ogeechee River in Georgia causing IPG tanks to explode killing 23
- 1959 Philadelphia Phillies’ Wally Post is only outfielder to throw out 2 runners in an inning twice, in a 6-0 loss to Giants at Seals Stadium, San Francisco, California
- 1960 10.40″ (26.42 cm) of rainfall, Dunmor, Kentucky (state 24-hour record)
- 1961 Phils and San Francisco set then record longest night game (5h11m) 7-7 15 innings tie
- 1962 Thalidomide drug banned in Netherlands
- 1963 Belaunde Terry inaugurated as President of Peru
- 1965 Dutch Princess Beatrice and Claus von Amsberg announce their engagement
- 1966 Ernie Terrell beats Doug Jones by unanimous points decision over 15 rounds in Houston to retain his WBA heavyweight boxing title
- 1967 Israel annexes East Jerusalem
- 1968 Daniel Ellsberg indicted for leaking the “Pentagon Papers” to the New York Times
- 1969 John Hampshire scores 107 on Test cricket debut v WI at Lord’s
- 1969 Police carry out an early morning raid on gay bar Stonewall Inn, Greenwich Village, NY; about 400 to 1,000 patrons riot against police, it lasts 3 days. Beginning of the modern LGBT rights movement
- 1970 Around 500 Catholic workers at the Harland and Wolff shipyard are forced to leave their work by Protestant employees as serious rioting continues in Belfast
Sports History
1971 US Supreme Court (8-0) overturns draft evasion conviction of Muhammad Ali
- 1973 Lawsuit in Detroit challenges Little League’s “no girls” rule
- 1973 New Zealand ship HMNZS Otago sails for Mururoa nuclear test zone after France’s refusal to accept an International Court of Justice injunction against its atmospheric nuclear testing
- 1973 Northern Ireland Assembly elections take place
- 1974 Fall of earth and rocks kill 200 (Quebrada Blanca Canyon, Colombia)
Band on the Run
1974 Paul McCartney & Wings release singles “Band on the Run” and “Zoo Gang” in UK
- 1975 The South African rugby team beats France 33-18 in Pretoria
- 1976 First woman is admitted to the Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, Colorado
- 1976 Three British mercenaries are sentenced to death for their part in the Angolan civil war
- 1977 Billy Hunter becomes Rangers’ 4th manager in 6 days
- 1977 Supreme Court allows Federal control of Nixon tapes papers
- 1977 The United Party, main political opposition party in South Africa, is formally disbanded by the majority faction after members leave the party to join other new political parties
- 1978 Supreme Court orders Cal medical school to admit Allan Bakke a white man claiming reverse discrimination when application was rejected
- 1978 UNICEF chooses rock group Kansas as Ambassadors of Goodwill
- 1979 OPEC raises oil prices 24%
- 1980 NYC transit fare rises from 50 cents to 60 cents
- 1980 The South African Springbok rugby team lead by Morné du Plessis beats the British Lions 12-10 in Port Elizabeth to lead 3-0 in the series
- 1981 74 government officials die in attack on Islamic Republican Party conference in Tehran, Iran, including Chief Justice Mohammad Beheshti
- 1983 Bridge section along I-95 in Greenwich, Connecticut collapses, killing 3
- 1983 NASA launches Galaxy-A
- 1984 Former member of South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU), Jeannette Schoon, and her six-year-old daughter, Katryn, are killed by a letter bomb at Lubango, in northern Angola
- 1985 Discovery ferried back to Kennedy Space Center via Bergstrom AFB, Tx
- 1986 Irish population condemns divorce
- 1986 Kenneth and Nellie Pike challenge Ala Dem runoff win by AG C Graddick
- 1986 West European leaders, meeting in the Netherlands, delay indefinitely imposing economic sanctions against South Africa
- 1987 Boston outfielder Don Baylor sets MLB career hit-by-pitch mark at 244 when plunked by Rick Rhoden in Red Sox, 6-2 win over NY Yankees
Contract of Interest
1988 Mike Tyson sues to break contract with manager Bill Cayton
- 1991 South Africa signs the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
- 1992 Burharnuddin Rabbani becomes president of Afghanistan
- 1992 Italian government of Amato forms
- 1992 LA Police commissioner Daryl Gates steps down
- 1992 The Constitution of Estonia is signed into law
- 1992 Two earthquakes, including the third strongest in the US (7.4), rock California
- 1992 US Dream Team beats Cuba in 1st exhibition basketball game, 133-57
- 1993 Carlton Fisk, 45, released by White Sox, as all time leader of most games caught and most HRs by a catcher
- 1993 Jacques Lemaire is named NJ Devils 8th Head Coach
- 1993 NCRV shows last “Cheers” in Netherlands
Sports History
1994 Jonah Lomu becomes the youngest-ever All Black at 19 yrs 45 days playing rugby for New Zealand against France in Christchurch
Sports History
1994 MLB New York Mets pitcher Dwight Gooden suspended for 60 days due to drug charges
- 1994 NHL Draft: Windsor Spitfires (OHL) defenceman Ed Jovanovski first pick by Florida Panthers
- 1995 NBA draft: Maryland power forward Joe Smith first pick by Golden State Warriors
- 1995 NJ Devils Stanley Cup Victory Party, admidst rumours they were moving to Nashville, goalie Chris Terreri holds up “Nashville? NO WAY!” sign
The Nutty Professor
1996 Remake of “The Nutty Professor” starring Eddie Murphy opens in theaters in the USA
- 1996 The Constitution of Ukraine is signed into law.
- 1997 American TV evangelist Robert Schuller (70) attacks a male flight attendant (33), after disputes regarding during a luggage stowage, and cheese [1] [2]
- 2000 Cuban exile Elián González returns to Cuba following a Supreme Court order.
- 2000 NBA Draft: Cincinnati power forward Kenyon Martin first pick by New Jersey Nets
- 2002 In South Africa, the Congress of South African Trade Unions and the Treatment Action Campaign table a national HIV/AIDS treatment plan in the National Economic, Development and Labour Council
- 2004 Estonia, Lithuania and Slovenia join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism
- 2004 Sovereign power is handed to the interim government of Iraq by the Coalition Provisional Authority, ending the U.S.-led rule of that nation
- 2005 A final design for Manhattan’s Freedom Tower is formally unveiled
- 2005 NBA Draft: Utah center Andrew Bogut first pick by Milwaukee Bucks
- 2005 Operation Red Wings: 3 members of US Navy SEAL reconnaissance team killed on Sawtalo Sar Mountain, Kunar, Afghanistan, in an ambush; 2 helicopters dispatched to assist shot down, killing an additional 16 US troops [1]
- 2006 NBA Draft: Italian power forward Andrea Bargnani is first pick by Toronto Raptors
- 2006 The Republic of Montenegro admitted as the 192nd Member of the United Nations by General Assembly resolution 60/264
- 2007 Craig Biggio of the Houston Astros becomes the 27th member of the 3000 hit club, going 5 for 5 against the Colorado Rockies
- 2007 NBA Draft: Ohio State center Greg Oden first pick by Portland Trail Blazers
- 2007 Play “August: Osage County”, written by Tracy Letts, premieres at the Steppenwolf Theatre in Chicago (Pulitzer Prize for Drama 2008)
Hawking’s Party for Time Travelers
2009 Professor Stephen Hawking hosts a ‘party for time travelers at the University of Cambridge, not sending out the invites until after the party
Election of Interest
2011 Christine Lagarde becomes the 1st women to be elected head of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- 2012 A series of car bombs in Iraq kills 14 and injures 50 people
Sports History
2012 NBA Draft: Kentucky center Anthony Davis first pick New Orleans Pelicans
- 2015 David Sweat shot and captured near Canadian border. 2nd prisoner to escape maximum-security Clinton Correctional Facility June 6
- 2015 Greek Credit Crisis: Greek government says banks closed for a week and ATM withdrawals restricted after European Central Bank refused to supply emergency funds
- 2016 Suicide bombings and gun attacks at Istanbul’s Ataturk Airport kill 42 and wound more than 200
Event of Interest
2017 China’s president, Xi Jinping begins 3 day trip to Hong Kong to mark 20 years since the territory handed back to China
- 2017 Wilshire Grand Center becomes the tallest building in Los Angeles and in the US west of the Mississippi at 1,100 ft
- 2018 Amsterdam elects its first-ever woman mayor Femke Halsema since its first mayor in 1343
- 2018 Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo declared “largely contained” by World Health Organization, first outbreak to use new Merck vaccine
- 2018 Employee charged with attempted poisoning of colleague’s sandwich in Schloss Holte-Stukenbrock, Germany, leading authorities to investigate 21 other suspicious deaths
- 2018 Fire starts on Winter Hill on Lancashire moorland, England, lit by arson
- 2018 Lone gunman attacks offices of Capital Gazette newspaper in Annapolis, Maryland, killing nine
- 2018 Power company uncovers Neolithic wooden trackway 2,300 years old in Suffolk, England. One of the largest archaeological digs in Europe at 16,000 square meters
- 2019 3,400 year old Bronze Age palace from the Mittani Empire uncovered on the banks of the Tigris River, due to lack of rainfall dropping the water level in the Mosul Dam reservoir
- 2019 EU and South American trade bloc Mercosur agree on a historic trade deal, the EU’s biggest to date
- 2019 Highest-ever temperature recorded in France 45.9°C in Gallargues-le-Montueux, southern France
- 2020 50th anniversary of 1st Gay Pride march in New York City marked around the world
- 2020 COVID-19 cases surge in southern and western US states with California, Texas and Florida closing bars, Arizona reports 20% of tests returning as positive
- 2020 Global death toll from COVID-19 passes 500,000, doubling in less than two months (Johns Hopkins)
- 2021 AirCar, prototype flying car capable of flying 1,000km (600 miles), at height of 8,200ft (2,500m), completes 35 min test flight between Nitra and Bratislava airports in Slovakia
- 2021 Mexico’s Supreme Court decriminalizes marijuana use by adults
- 2021 Tigray Defense Forces retake Tigray’s regional capital of Mekelle in Ethiopia’s Tigray War. The Ethiopian government declares a unilateral ceasefire to save face but neither side sticks to it. [1]
- 2021 US Supreme Court declines to hear school’s appeal in transgender bathroom case made by Gavin Grimm in Virginia, upholding an earlier decision it was discriminatory
- 2022 Ghislaine Maxwell sentenced to 20 years in US federal prison for grooming and aiding Jeffery Epstein to abuse underage girls [1]
- 2022 In dramatic testimony to the Jan 6 Committee hearing, a senior White House aide testifies Trump wanted to march to the Capitol and his fury when he couldn’t [1]
- 2022 Rocket Lab launches NASA’s CAPSTONE, a microwave-oven sized CubeSat spacecraft from Mahia peninsula, New Zealand, to orbit the Moon, research for future Gateway and Artemis missions [1]
- 2023 New York Yankees’ pitcher Domingo Germán (30) throws a perfect game in 11-0 win over Oakland A’s at Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum; it is his first complete game in 7-year MLB career
- 2023 South Koreans become a year or two younger as country drops two traditional age-counting systems to align with international standards (used to be aged one at birth) [1]
- 2024 Boy band Seventeen are the first K-pop group to play the main Pyramid Stage at Glastonbury [1]
- 2024 US Supreme Court decision clears the way for states to place bans on homeless sleeping, as 650,000 now estimated homeless in the US, up 12% [1]
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