- 257 St Sixtus II begins his reign as Catholic Pope
- 1125 Duke Lotharius of Supplinburg elected king of Germany
- 1146 European leaders outlaw the crossbow, intending to end war for all time
- 1363 Beginning of the Battle of Lake Poyang; two Chinese rebel leaders, Chen Youliang and Zhu Yuanzhang, clash in one of the largest naval battles in history during the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty
- 1464 Pietro Barbo elected to succeed Pope Pius II as Pope Paul II
- 1563 Jewish community of Neutitschlin, Moravia, expelled
- 1574 Ram Das becomes the 4th Sikh Guru
Tokugawa Ieyasu Occupies Edo
1590 Tokugawa Ieyasu enters Edo Castle (Traditional Japanese date: August 1, 1590)
- 1645 Dutch and Indians sign peace treaty in New Amsterdam (NY)
- 1673 Leopold I, Spain, the Netherlands, and the Lutherans form an anti-French alliance
- 1721 Russian and Swedish sign Treaty of Nystad, ending North Sea War
- 1757 Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf: Russian army defeats Prussia (August 19 in the old system)
- 1776 Continental Army evacuates Long Island and falls back to Manhattan, NYC
- 1791 HMS Pandora sinks after running aground on a reef the previous day on her return from her search for the Bounty and the mutineers who had taken her
Jefferson Writes to Banneker
1791 Thomas Jefferson responds to Benjamin Banneker‘s letter on the issue of slavery, writing that “nobody wishes more ardently to see a good system commenced for raising the condition” of Blacks “to what it ought to be” [1]
- 1799 Batavian fleet surrenders to British navy during Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland
- 1800 Gabriel Prosser leads a slave rebellion in Richmond, Virginia
- 1813 Battle of Kulm: French forces defeated by Austrian-Prussian-Russian alliance
- 1835 City of Melbourne, Australia, is founded
- 1836 City of Houston is founded by Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen
- 1843 African Americans participate in a national political convention (Liberty Party) for the first time
- 1850 Honolulu, Hawaii, becomes a city
- 1860 First British tram begins operating in Birkenhead
- 1861 John Frémont issues proclamation freeing slaves of Missouri rebels
- 1862 Battle of Altamont: Confederates defeat Union forces in Tennessee
1862 Second Battle of Bull Run in Manassas, Virginia, ends with a Confederate victory over Union forces
- 1873 Austrian explorers Julius von Payer and Karl Weyprecht discover the archipelago of Franz Josef Land in the Arctic Ocean
- 1885 13,000 meteors are seen in one hour near the Andromeda Galaxy, the closest major galaxy to the Milky Way at 2.537 million light-years from Earth
- 1888 Lord Walsingham kills 1,070 grouse in a single day
Meat Inspections Begin
1890 President Benjamin Harrison signs the first US law requiring inspection of meat products
- 1892 Shipwreck of the “The Western Reserve” on Lake Superior during bad weather; 27 people drown with only one survivor [1]
- 1894 British explorer Frederick Lugard begins his expedition to Niger
- 1895 Belgium begins compulsory Roman Catholic education
- 1896 Eight provinces in the Philippines are declared under martial law by Spanish Governor General Ramon Blanco, including the provinces of Batangas, Rizal, Cavite, and Nueva Ecija
- 1897 The town of Ambiky is captured by France from Menabe in Madagascar
- 1900 Last 2,000 British prisoners in Nooitgedagt, South Africa, freed
- 1901 English engineer Hubert Cecil Booth patents the powered vacuum cleaner
- 1904 American runner Thomas Hicks wins the marathon gold medal with a time of 3:28:53 over a 40 km course at the St. Louis Olympics
Ty Cobb Debuts
1905 Detroit Tigers future Baseball Hall of Fame center fielder Ty Cobb makes his MLB debut, doubling off Jack Chesbro in a 5-3 win over the New York Highlanders at Bennett Park in Detroit
- 1905 Pogoro/Ngindo attack Fort Mahenge in German East Africa
- 1906 Hal Chase becomes the first New York Yankee to hit three triples in a game
- 1906 New York Highlander Joe Doyle debuts, pitching back-to-back shutouts
- 1909 Burgess Shale fossil site, one of the most diverse and best-preserved in the world, is discovered by Charles Doolittle Walcott in the Canadian Rocky Mountains (now British Columbia’s Yoho National Park)
- 1910 MLB New York Highlanders’ Tom Hughes pitches 9-1/3 no-hit innings but loses to Cleveland 5-0 in 11 innings; the 1991 rule change removes credit for a no-hitter [1]
- 1912 St. Louis Browns’ Earl Hamilton no-hits the Detroit Tigers, 5-1
- 1913 Phillies lead Giants 8-6 in the top of the 9th, fans in the bleachers try to distract the Giants, umpire forfeits the game to the Giants, later overruled
Battle of Tannenberg
1914 Battle of Tannenberg (WWI) in East Prussia ends in the destruction of the Russian Second Army, with 122,000-170,000 soldiers killed, injured, or captured by the German 8th Army led by Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff
Reichsmark Introduced
1924 The Rentenmark is replaced by the Reichsmark as legal tender in Germany, during Hans Luther‘s tenure as Minister of Finance.
- 1925 Sixth Iron Pilgrimage at Diksmuide, Belgium
Nehru Requests Independence
1928 Jawaharlal Nehru submits the Nehru Report, officially requesting independence for India and outlining a federal constitution with reserved seats for minorities
- 1933 Air France forms from five French airlines
- 1939 General Reijnders is appointed supreme commander of the Dutch army
Yamamoto Takes Command
1939 Isoroku Yamamoto is appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Japanese Imperial Navy Combined Fleet
- 1939 New York Yankee Atley Donald pitches a baseball at a record 94.7 mph (152 km/h)
- 1939 Poland mobilizes for war
- 1939 Sixth NFL Chicago All-Star Game: NY Giants 9, All-Stars 0 (81,456 attendees)
- 1941 St. Louis Cardinal Lon Warneke no-hits Cincinnati Reds, 2-0
British Nuclear Program
1941 Winston Churchill approves a nuclear program (Tube Alloys), becoming the first national leader to do so
- 1945 Hong Kong is liberated from Japanese control
- 1949 Roly Jenkins (Worcs vs. Surrey) takes his second hat-trick of the match
- 1949 WTVN (now WSYX) TV channel 6 in Columbus, OH (ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1951 The US and the Philippines sign a mutual defense pact
- 1954 BC Lions play their franchise’s first CFL game in Vancouver and lose to the Saskatchewan Roughriders 17-0
- 1954 Hurricane Carol kills 68 on the US East Coast
- 1956 Lake Pontchartrain Causeway opens in Louisiana, the longest continuous bridge in the world
- 1956 USSR conducts a nuclear atmospheric test
- 1956 White mob prevents enrollment of Black students at Mansfield High School, Texas
- 1957 US performs a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
- 1958 The US conducts a nuclear test over the South Atlantic Ocean as part of Operation Argus to study the Christofilos effect, a theoretical defensive shield to cloud Soviet radar
- 1960 Boston second baseman Pete Runnels goes 6-for-7
- 1960 East Germany imposes a partial blockade on West Berlin
- 1960 US women’s 4 x 100 m medley relay team swims a world record of 4:41.1 to beat Australia and win the gold medal at the Rome Olympics; Lynn Burke, Patty Kempner, Carolyn Schuler, and Chris von Saltza
- 1961 James Benton Parsons is confirmed as the first African American judge of a US District Court
- 1961 Last Spanish troops leave Morocco
- 1961 Oriole Jack Fisher walks 12 LA Angels in a 9-inning game
- 1961 USSR announces it will resume nuclear testing
- 1962 Japan conducts a test of the NAMC YS-11, its first aircraft since the war and its only successful commercial aircraft before or after the war
- 1963 Compact audio cassette is first introduced by Philips at the Radio Exhibition in Berlin, Germany [1]
- 1963 Hotline communication link between the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., and the Kremlin in Moscow is installed. Often known as the “red telephone,” no phones are ever used, relying instead on Teletype equipment, fax machines, and later, secure email.
- 1964 Electric designer Norman Manley records back-to-back holes-in-one on the 7th and 8th holes at Del Valle in Saugus, California, setting a Guinness World Record
Casey Stengel Retires
1965 Casey Stengel announces his retirement from managing the New York Mets after a 56-year career in professional baseball
- 1965 Section of Allalin Glacier wipes out construction site at Mattmark Dam near Saas-Fee, Switzerland
- 1966 American medical drama series “Dr. Kildare,” starring Richard Chamberlain and Raymond Massey, ends a five-season run on NBC-TV
1st Black Justice
1967 US Senate confirms Thurgood Marshall as the first African American justice to serve on the Supreme Court
New Orleans Pop Festival
1969 Three-day New Orleans Pop Festival opens with 25,000 attendees, featuring performers such as Spiral Starecase, T. Rex, The Byrds, Janis Joplin, Grateful Dead, Chicago, Dr. John, and Santana
- 1969 Three-day second Annual Sky River Rock Festival opens in Tenino, Washington, with 25,000 attendees, featuring performers such as James Cotton, Country Joe and the Fish, Flying Burrito Brothers, Dan Hicks and His Hot Licks, Mississippi Fred McDowell, Steve Miller Band, and Sons of Champlin
- 1969 Three-day Texas International Pop Festival opens in Lewisville, Texas, with 125,000 attendees, featuring performers such as Chicago Transit Authority, Delaney and Bonnie and Friends, Grand Funk Railroad, Janis Joplin, B.B. King, Led Zeppelin, Nazz, Sam and Dave, Sly and the Family Stone, and Johnny Winter
- 1971 WNPI TV channel 18 in Norwood, NY (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1972 American women’s 4 x 100m freestyle relay team of Shirley Babashoff, Jane Barkman, Jenny Kemp, and Sandy Neilson beats East Germany by just 0.36 seconds to win gold at the Munich Olympics with a world record time of 3:55.19
Gymnastics All-round Gold
1972 Amidst Olga Korbut mania at the Munich Olympics, Soviet teammate Ludmilla Tourischeva wins the gymnastics individual all-around competition, her second gold medal of the Games
- 1972 Australian teenage swimmer Shane Gould wins her second of three gold medals in a world record time of 4:19.04 in the 400 m freestyle at the Munich Olympics
- 1972 Japanese breaststroker Nobutaka Taguchi beats Americans Tom Bruce and John Hencken to win the 100 m gold medal in a world record time of 1:04.94 at the Munich Olympic Games
One on One
1972 John Lennon and Yoko Ono‘s “One to One” benefit shows (matinee and evening) for the Willowbrook School, are held at Madison Square Garden, New York City they become his final full concert performances
- 1972 Slalom canoeing is introduced at the Munich Olympics, with East Germany winning all four events
Seiwell Quits Wings
1973 Drummer Danny Seiwell quits rock band Wings, which he co-founded with Paul McCartney
Vice Chairman Wang
1973 Wang Hongwen takes office as Vice Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party under Mao Zedong
Brokaw on The Today Show
1976 Tom Brokaw starts as news anchor of NBC’s “The Today Show”
- 1976 Turks and Caicos Islands adopts a constitution
- 1979 First recorded occurrence of a comet hitting the Sun releases energy equal to one million hydrogen bombs
- 1979 Hurricane David kills 1,200 in Florida, Dominica, and the Dominican Republic
1st Jockey to Win $1 Million
1981 Bill Shoemaker becomes the first jockey to win a $1 million thoroughbred horse race as John Henry wins the inaugural Arlington Million by a nose over The Bart
- 1983 8th NASA Space Shuttle Mission: Challenger 3 launches for a 6-day excursion
- 1983 Guion Bluford becomes the first African American astronaut in space
- 1983 Philadelphia TV station WKBS-TV (channel 48) ends broadcasting after surrendering its license to the FCC, the first to do so in at least 10 years, as parent company Field Enterprises Inc. is unable to find a buyer [1]
- 1984 12th NASA Space Shuttle Mission (41D): Discovery 1 launches for a 6-day excursion
Hugo Award
1984 Octavia E. Butler wins her first Hugo award for Best Short Story with the science fiction story “Speech Sounds” [1]
- 1984 Red Sox’s Jim Rice grounds into a record 33rd double play en route to 36
- 1984 Sotheby’s in London begins a two-day auction of rock memorabilla
- 1986 Gelindo Bordin wins the Stuttgart marathon in 2:10:54
- 1986 Soviet authorities arrest US News & World Report journalist Nicholas Daniloff
- 1986 Yuriy Sedykh of the Soviet Union sets a new world hammer throw record of 86.74 m (284 ft 6 in) in Stuttgart, Germany
- 1987 Ben Johnson of Canada runs the 100 m in a world record time of 9.83 seconds
- 1987 Billy Mayfair wins the 87th US Golf Amateur Championship
- 1987 Kirby Puckett goes 6-for-6 with two home runs in Minnesota’s 10-6 win over Milwaukee
- 1987 Knuckleballer Charlie Hough is on the mound, and Rangers catcher Geno Petralli ties the major league record by allowing six passed balls
- 1987 Stefka Kostadinova of Bulgaria sets the women’s high jump record at 2.09 m (6 ft 10½ in), one of the longest-standing records in athletics
- 1987 Street Fighter, the first arcade fighting game to introduce special attacks, designed by Takashi Nishiyama, is released
- 1987 Yves Pol of France runs a marathon backward in 3:57:57
- 1988 France performs a nuclear test
- 1988 Kent Tekulve is the second pitcher in the majors to appear in 1,000 games
- 1990 Tatarstan announces its sovereignty with the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Tatar Soviet Socialist Republic
- 1991 Dan O’Brien sets a US decathlon record with 8,812 points
- 1991 Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam abduct Sri Lankan Tamil language poet Chelvy Thiyagarajah and later execute her
- 1991 Mike Powell of the US sets a long jump record of 29 ft 4½ in (8.95 m)
- 1992 David Jewitt and Jane Luu discover the object “1992 QB1” 4.4 billion kilometers from the Sun
Low
1992 Philip Glass’s Symphony No. 1 (Low), based loosely on David Bowie‘s 1977 album “Low,” premieres with the Junge Deutsche Kammerphilharmonie conducted by Dennis Russell Davies in Munich, Germany
1993 150,000,000th visitor to the Eiffel Tower
- 1994 Gund Arena in Cleveland, Ohio, opens
- 1995 Cable News Network joins the internet
- 1995 NATO launches the air campaign Operation Deliberate Force against Bosnian Serb forces
- 1995 Tigers teammates Lou Whitaker and Alan Trammell play in their 1,914th game together, tying the American League record
- 1997 First WNBA Championship, Compaq Center, Houston: Top-seeded Houston Comets defeat NY Liberty 65-51 to win inaugural title; MVP: Houston Comets guard Cynthia Cooper
- 1999 People of East Timor vote for independence from Indonesia in a referendum
- 2006 MLB Atlanta Braves pitcher Greg Maddux wins his 330th career game
2007 NASA spacecraft Voyager 2 crosses the termination shock, where solar and interstellar winds meet (following Voyager 1 in 2004)
Protests Against PM Najib Razak
2015 Former Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad calls for the removal of then Prime Minister Najib Razak during the second day of street protests
- 2015 Frederick Forsyth, author of thriller novel “The Day of the Jackal”, reveals that he worked for Britain’s MI6 Intelligence Service for more than 20 years
- 2017 Authorities say floods across Bangladesh, Nepal, and India have killed more than 1,200 people and damaged 697,000 houses
Court Blocks Amazon Mining
2017 Brazilian court blocks President Michel Temer from abolishing Renca, which would open parts of the Amazon to mining
2017 Hurricane Irma forms near the Cape Verde Islands and goes on to become a Category 5 hurricane, killing at least 102
Last Pratchett Work Destroyed
2017 Late author Terry Pratchett‘s unfinished works are destroyed by a steamroller as per his instructions
- 2018 Argentina’s central bank raises interest rates to 60% in an attempt to stabilize the peso
- 2019 Outlook for the Great Barrier Reef is downgraded to very poor according to official Australian report
- 2019 Second interstellar comet detected by Ukrainian amateur astronomer Gennady Borisov, later named 2I/Borisov
- 2020 Global cases of COVID-19 surpass 25 million, with the death toll at 843,000
- 2020 India reports world’s highest single-day increase in COVID-19 cases at 78,761
- 2021 Algeria becomes the last country to stop selling leaded petrol, ending 99 years of gasoline use worldwide, saving 1.2 million lives a year [1]
- 2021 America ends its longest war of 20 years in Afghanistan as the last military evacuation plane flies out of Kabul
- 2021 China restricts online gaming for those under 18 to one hour on Fridays, weekends, and holidays and orders companies to enforce this [1]
- 2022 In Jackson, Mississippi, the city’s largest water treatment plant fails, leaving 150,000 people without safe running water and closing schools and businesses [1]
- 2022 Ukraine begins a counterattack against Russia in the southern Kherson region [1]
- 2023 Gabonese military leaders seize power in a coup, placing President Ali Bongo Ondimba under house arrest in Libreville [1]
- 2023 Hurricane Idalia makes landfall as a Category 3 storm in Florida’s Big Bend, killing at least two people
- 2023 Largest bombardment of Ukrainian capital Kyiv for months by Russia leaves two dead as Ukraine also bombards Russian territories with drones [1]
- 2023 More than 100 UK school buildings at risk of collapse are told to close because of reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete days before the new school year [1]
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