Abdication of Richard II
1399 King Richard II of England’s supposed abdication is read out in the House of Commons by the Archbishop of Canterbury, but in reality, he is deposed by his cousin and successor Henry IV
Henry VIII Leaves France
1544 King of England Henry VIII draws his armies out of France
- 1555 Bishop of Oxford Nicholas Ridley sentenced to death as a heretic
- 1619 Remonstrant Society forms in Antwerp
- 1626 Battle between King Bethlen Gábor and Count Mansfeld-Wallenstein ends
- 1630 Massachusetts village of Shawmut changes its name to Boston [O.S. date, Oct 10 N.S.]
- 1649 Last Swedish troops vacate Prague
- 1659 Peter Stuyvesant forbids tennis playing during religious services in New Netherland, the first mention of tennis in the United States
- 1659 Robinson Crusoe is shipwrecked (according to Daniel Defoe‘s famous novel)
- 1681 Hague Treaty of Guarantee is signed between Sweden and the Netherlands
Abdication of Victor Amadeus II
1730 Duke of Savoy Victor Amadeus II abdicates his throne amid scandal after marrying his mistress Anna Canalis di Cumiana
Dissolution of National Constituent Assembly
1791 The National Constituent Assembly in Paris is dissolved; Parisians hail Maximilien Robespierre and Jérôme Pétion as incorruptible patriots
- 1808 Covent Garden Theatre Royal destroyed by fire in London
- 1818 Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle between Austria, England, Russia, Prussia, and France terminates the allied occupation of France
- 1841 Samuel Slocum patents the stapler
- 1846 Anesthetic ether is used for the first time by American dentist Dr. William Morton to extract a tooth
- 1857 US occupies Sand, Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands, south of Hawaii
- 1862 First Battle of Newtonia (American Civil War), Newton County, Missouri
Blood and Iron Speech
1862 Minister-President of Prussia Otto von Bismarck delivers his famous “Blood and Iron” speech on the unification of German territories
The Pearl Fishers
1863 Opera “Les pêcheurs de perles (The Pearl Fishers) by Georges Bizet premieres at the Théâtre Lyrique in Paris
- 1864 13 Black soldiers among the first Black soldiers to be honored with US Medal of Honor for leading charges against Confederate fortifications during Battle of New Market Heights, Virginia
- 1864 Battle of Preble’s Farm Virginia (Poplar Springs Church)
- 1867 Midway Islands are formally declared a US possession
- 1868 Spain’s Queen Isabella is deposed and flees to France
- 1877 First US amateur swim meet (New York Athletic Club)
- 1878 First Portuguese immigrants arrive in Hawaii
- 1878 Great Flood hits New Zealand’s South Island
Orion Nebula Photographed
1880 American amateur astronomer Henry Draper takes the first photograph of the Orion Nebula
- 1885 Bechuanaland becomes a British Protectorate
- 1887 8th America’s Cup: New York Yacht Club’s cutter Volunteer beats Scottish challenger Thistle by 11 minutes, 48.75 seconds on corrected time to win series 2-0 off Newport, RI
- 1888 Jack the Ripper murders two more women, Liz Stride and Kate Eddowes, in Whitechapel, London
- 1895 France proclaims a protectorate over Madagascar
The Red Badge of Courage
1895 Stephen Crane‘s novel “The Red Badge of Courage” is published to wide acclaim
- 1903 New Gresham’s School is officially opened by Field Marshal Sir Evelyn Wood in Norfolk, England (expansion of the original school founded in 1555)
- 1904 White Sox lefty Doc White pitches his fifth shutout in 18 days
- 1906 Real Academia Galega, the Galician language’s biggest linguistic authority, starts working in Havana
- 1907 Cardinals’ Ed Konetchy steals home twice, and Joe Delahanty also steals home for a record of three steals of home against Boston
- 1915 Red Sox clinch AL pennant by defeating Detroit
Provisional Government of National Defence
1916 Eleftherios Venizelos announces he is forming a Provisional Government in Crete as an alternative to the one in Athens; he is determined to bring Greece into the war on the side of the Allies
- 1916 Giants lose to Braves 8-3, ending 26-game winning streak
- 1919 Avery Hopwood’s “Gold Diggers” premieres in New York City
- 1919 Elaine Massacre: Arkansas state militia and rioters kill over 200 Black people in response to sharecroppers’ attempt to organize against landowners; trials of survivors for murder lead to Supreme Court-enacted judicial reforms [1] [2] [3]
- 1920 Times Square Theater opens at 217 W 42nd St, New York City
- 1922 Government of Alexandros Zaimis forms in Greece
- 1922 Yankees clinch their second pennant, beating Boston 3-1
- 1924 Allies stop monitoring the German navy
- 1925 General Pangulos disbands the Greek parliament
- 1927 Yankees slugger Babe Ruth smacks his MLB record 60th home run off Tom Zachary in the 8th inning of New York’s 4-2 win over the Washington Senators at Yankee Stadium
- 1928 Leon Vanderstuyft of Belgium cycles a record 76 miles 604 yards (122.77 km) in 1 hour
- 1929 First manned rocket plane flight by automaker Fritz von Opel
- 1931 Start of “Die Voortrekkers” youth movement for Afrikaners in Bloemfontein, South Africa
- 1933 “As Thousands Cheer,” a ballet by Irving Berlin and Moss Hart, premieres in New York City
- 1934 St. Louis Browns coach Charley O’Leary “unretires” and becomes the oldest player to get a hit and score a run in the majors at 58
- 1934 St. Louis Cardinals clinch pennant as Dizzy Dean wins his 30th game of the year
Porgy and Bess
1935 George Gershwin‘s folk opera “Porgy and Bess” premieres at the Colonial Theatre in Boston, Massachusetts
- 1936 International Commission of Straits (Dardanelles & Bosphorus) ends
- 1936 Pinewood Studios opens in Buckinghamshire, England
- 1939 Britain first evacuates citizens in anticipation of war
- 1939 Chicago pitcher Clint Brown sets an MLB record with his 61st relief appearance as the White Sox beat the St. Louis Browns 7-5
- 1939 Germany and Russia agree to partition Poland
- 1939 In the first televised college football game, Fordham defeats Waynesburg 34-7 at Randall’s Island, NY
- 1940 47 German aircraft shot down above England
- 1941 Approximately 33,771 Jews are shot to death or buried alive at Babi Yar ravine near Kiev, Ukraine, by Nazi troops over two days
- 1941 Operation Typhoon: German assault on Moscow begins
Nimitz Finds Guadalcanal
1942 Admiral Chester Nimitz‘s B-17 finds Guadalcanal using a National Geographic map
- 1942 SS exterminates 3,500 Jews in Zgierz, near Łódź, Poland, over a six-week period
- 1944 -Oct 1] Failed attack on German officers near Putten, Netherlands
- 1944 Calais reoccupied by the Allies
- 1944 Dutch General Mine Workers Union (ABWM) forms
- 1945 Bourne End rail crash in Hertfordshire, England; 43 people die
- 1945 Detroit’s future Baseball Hall of Fame first baseman Hank Greenberg hits an AL pennant-winning grand slam on the final day of the season as the Tigers beat the St. Louis Browns 6-3
1946 Twenty-two Nazi leaders, including Joachim von Ribbentrop and Hermann Goering, are found guilty of war crimes and sentenced to death or prison at the Nuremberg war trials
- 1949 American chemist Percy L. Julian at the Glidden Company announces an improved method for producing cortisone
- 1949 Pirate Ralph Kiner hits his 54th home run and NL record 16th in September
- 1950 first Congress of the International Astronautical Federation opens in Paris
- 1950 WSM-TV channel 4 in Nashville, TN (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1953 Auguste and Jacques Piccard dive in their bathyscaphe Trieste to a record depth of 3,150 meters in the Tyrrhenian Sea
Chief Justice Earl Warren
1953 Earl Warren appointed Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court
- 1953 Robert Anderson’s “Tea and Sympathy” premieres in New York City
- 1953 WICS TV channel 20 in Springfield, IL (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1953 WMT (now KGAN) TV channel 2 in Cedar Rapids-Waterloo, IA (CBS) begins broadcasting
- 1954 USS Nautilus, the first nuclear submarine, is commissioned by the US Navy
James Dean Car Crash
1955 American actor and cultural icon James Dean is killed in a car crash at age 24
- 1956 Phillies’ Robin Roberts gives up a Major League record 46th home run
- 1956 White Sox pitcher Jim Derrington, 16, becomes the youngest pitcher to start a Major League game
- 1957 French government of Mauroy resigns due to Algeria
- 1957 WKYT TV channel 27 in Lexington, KY (CBS) begins broadcasting
- 1958 French Guinea becomes independent as the Republic of Guinea
- 1958 USSR performs a nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya, USSR
The Flintstones
1960 “The Flintstones,” the first animated sitcom created by Hanna-Barbera, premieres on ABC in the US
- 1960 On Howdy Doody’s last show, the traditionally silent clown, Clarabell the Clown, finally speaks his first and only words, whispering “Goodbye, kids”
- 1960 West Germany signs a trade agreement with East Germany
1961 Bill for Boston Tea Party is paid by Mayor Snyder of Oregon, who writes a check for $196, the total cost of all tea lost
Ole Miss Riot
1962 John F. Kennedy sends 3,000 federal troops to the University of Mississippi to quell riots protesting desegregation [1]
- 1962 KCRL TV Channel 4 in Reno, NV (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1962 KMEX TV channel 34 in Los Angeles, CA (IND) begins broadcasting
United Farm Workers
1962 Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the United Farm Workers
- 1962 The New York Mets lose their record 120th game against the Chicago Cubs, a 5-1 defeat that includes a triple play by the Cubs
- 1963 56th Postmaster General: John A. Gronouski of Wisconsin takes office
- 1965 Donovan‘s first US TV appearance on Shindig
- 1965 LA Dodger Don Drysdale (23-12) wins his 13th straight game, 7 of which are shutouts
- 1966 Bechuanaland in southern Africa gains independence from Great Britain and becomes the Republic of Botswana
- 1966 USSR performs an underground nuclear test
- 1967 BBC starts its own popular music radio station (Radio 1)
- 1967 Palace of Fine Arts, first opened during the 1915 exposition, reopens
- 1967 USSR’s Kosmos 186 and 188 complete the first automatic docking
- 1968 AL and NL umpires form a new Association of Major League Umpires
- 1968 First Boeing 747 jumbo jet rolls out
Democratic Unionist Party
1971 Ian Paisley and Desmond Boal launch the Democratic Unionist Party
- 1971 Thirrd Bishop Synod held in Rome until November 6
- 1971 Yankees win their fifth career forfeit game in the last Washington Senators home game, trailing 4-2 in the 9th with 2 outs when fans rush the field
- 1972 Passenger train derails at Rust Stasie, South Africa, killing 38 people and injuring 174
- 1972 Pittsburgh right fielder Roberto Clemente doubles off Mets’ Jon Matlack to become the 11th MLB player to record 3,000 hits as the Pirates beat New York 5-0
- 1973 Mel Gray begins an NFL streak of 121 consecutive games with receptions
- 1973 New York Yankees close 50th year at Yankee Stadium with an 8-5 loss to the Detroit Tigers for an 80-82 season record; manager Ralph Houk resigns
- 1973 USSR performs an underground nuclear test
- 1974 General Francisco da Costa Gomes succeeds General António de Spínola as President of Portugal
- 1975 Five people drown in a flash flood of a sewer and water tunnel in Niagara Falls, New York
- 1975 The Hughes (later McDonnell-Douglas, now Boeing) AH-64 Apache makes its first flight
- 1977 Apollo program’s ALSEP experiment packages left on the Moon are shut down due to US budget cuts
- 1977 Dutch Antillean government of Juancho Evertsz resigns
- 1977 Ian Dury‘s album “New Boots and Panties!!” is released in the UK and achieves platinum status
- 1977 Political prisoners Eugenio Lopez Jr. and Sergio Osmeña III successfully escape from Fort Bonifacio Maximum Security Prison in the Philippines
- 1977 USSR performs a nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya, USSR
- 1978 Cleveland, Houston, New York, Philadelphia, and the Pittsburgh Phillies win their third consecutive NL East Division title
- 1978 Major Indoor Soccer League grants first six franchises to Cincinnati
- 1978 Phillies clinch the NL East title
- 1979 Milwaukee Brewers lose 5-0, ending 213 consecutive games without a shutout
- 1980 1,754 turn out to see the Phillies play the NY Mets at Shea Stadium
- 1980 MLB Oakland A’s outfielder Rickey Henderson sets the AL stolen base record with his 97th in the A’s 5-1 win over the Chicago White Sox, breaking Ty Cobb’s record of 96 set in 1915
- 1980 USSR performs a nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeastern Kazakhstan
- 1981 French parliament, led by Minister of Justice Robert Badinter, votes to abolish the death penalty
- 1981 International Olympic Committee votes to award Seoul, South Korea, as host of the 1988 Summer Olympic Games
- 1981 The Minnesota Twins play their last game at Metropolitan Stadium, losing 5-2 to Kansas City
- 1982 12th Commonwealth Games open in Brisbane, Australia
Nebraska
1982 Columbia Records releases Bruce Springsteen‘s sixth studio album “Nebraska,” a solo record made without a backing band
- 1982 National railroad strike in Belgium
Bowie Kuhn Retires
1984 Bowie Kuhn ends his career as Baseball Commissioner
- 1984 California Angel Mike Witt pitches a perfect game against the Texas Rangers, winning 1-0
- 1984 California Angels’ Mike Witt becomes the 11th pitcher to throw a perfect game in baseball history
- 1984 CBS premieres “Murder, She Wrote,” starring Angela Lansbury
- 1984 New York Yankees’ Don Mattingly wins the AL batting crown with a .343 average
- 1984 The Kansas City Chiefs set a team record by registering 11 sacks against the Cleveland Browns in a 10-6 victory
Howard Stern Fired
1985 Howard Stern is fired from New York City radio station WNBC-AM
Rain Dogs
1985 Island Records releases “Rain Dogs,” the ninth studio album by singer-songwriter Tom Waits; the album features guitarist Marc Ribot, guest appearances from Keith Richards, and one of Waits’s most covered songs, “Downtown Train”
- 1986 Mordechai Vanunu, who reveals details of Israel’s covert nuclear program to British media, is kidnapped in Rome, Italy
- 1986 US performs a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
- 1986 US releases Soviet spy Gennadiy Zakharov
- 1987 Roy Orbison and friends, including James Burton, Bonnie Raitt, Bruce Springsteen, Elvis Costello, Tom Waits, and k.d. lang, film a performance at the Ambassador Hotel’s Coconut Grove nightclub in Los Angeles, California, for the Cinemax cable TV special “A Black and White Night”
- 1987 Suriname’s constitution is ratified
- 1988 Dave Stieb loses his second consecutive no-hitter bid with two outs in the 9th inning
- 1988 IBM announces the shipment of its 3 millionth PS/2 personal computer
- 1988 Louise Ritter wins the high jump gold medal at the Seoul Olympics with a jump of 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m)
- 1988 Robin Givens and Mike Tyson appear on Barbara Walters’ show
- 1988 The Soviet Union defeats Yugoslavia 76-63 to win the men’s basketball gold medal at the Seoul Olympics; the US finishes third, the final time the US fields a non-NBA team
- 1989 NASA closes down tracking stations in Hawaii and Ascension
- 1989 Nolan Ryan‘s perfect game is broken in the 8th, but he gets his 300th strikeout
- 1989 Senegambia separates back into Gambia and Senegal
- 1989 Toronto Blue Jays win AL East title
- 1989 West German Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher grants escaping East Germans free passage to the West in a speech from the West German embassy balcony in Prague
- 1990 MLB Chicago White Sox beat the Seattle Mariners 2-1 in the last game at Comiskey Park, Chicago
- 1990 MLB Pittsburgh Pirates win the NL East title
Tribute to Human Rights
1990 The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights monument in Ontario, Canada’s capital city of Ottawa [1]
Debut of “Jerry Springer”
1991 Jerry Springer‘s tabloid talk show “Jerry Springer” debuts on TV in syndication
- 1991 Rev. Jean-Bertrand Aristide is ousted as president of Haiti
- 1992 KC Royal George Brett gets four hits to become the 18th player to achieve 3,000 hits
- 1992 Mariel Hemingway appears nude on the TV show Civil Wars
- 1993 6.4 magntiude earthquake in Latur, India, kills 28,000
Colin Powell Retires
1993 US Army General and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Colin Powell retires at 56
- 1994 Space Shuttle STS-68 (Endeavour 7) launches into orbit
- 1994 Sylvestre Ntibantunganya is elected president of Burundi
- 1994 Vladimir Meciar’s HZDS wins Slovakia’s parliamentary election
- 1995 Cleveland Indian Albert Belle hits his 50th home run of the season
- 1997 “Too Close” single released by Next (Billboard Song of the Year, 1998)
- 1997 Hooters restaurant chain agrees to pay $2 million in discrimination lawsuits
Gun Buy Back Scheme
1997 John Howard‘s Australian government gun buyback scheme ends with more than 640,000 firearms compulsorily acquired, including many newly illegal semi-automatic rifles and shotguns
- 1997 Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 4
- 1997 New York Yankees Tim Raines, Derek Jeter, and Paul O’Neill are the first to hit three home runs consecutively in the postseason in an 8-6 win over the Cleveland Indians
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