- 1270 The Eighth Crusade and siege of Tunis ends by agreement between Charles I of Sicily, brother to King Louis IX of France, who had died months earlier, and the sultan of Tunis
- 1340 Battle of Rio Salado (or Tarifa): King Afonso IV of Portugal and King Alfonso XI of Castile defeat Sultan Abu al-Hasan ‘Ali of Morocco and Yusuf I of Granada in the last Marinid invasion of the Iberian Peninsula
Charles VI Visits Clement VII
1389 French King Charles VI visits antipope Clement VII
King Henry VI Restored
1470 Wars of the Roses: Henry VI of England returns to the English throne after Earl of Warwick defeats Yorkists in battle
Vasco da Gama Returns to India
1502 Vasco da Gama returns to Calicut, India, for the second time
- 1503 Queen Isabella of Spain bans violence against Indians in the Americas
Vilnius University Founded
1579 Vilnius University is established by a papal bull of Pope Gregory XIII, becoming Europe’s easternmost university for the following 200 years [1]
- 1611 Gustavus Adolphus becomes King of Sweden at 17 (1611-32)
- 1697 The Holy Roman Empire joins England, Spain, and the Dutch Republic to sign the Treaty of Ryswick with France, ending the Nine Years’ War
- 1739 Great Britain declares war on Spain: War of Jenkins’ Ear [NS=Oct 19]
- 1766 St. Paul’s Chapel in New York is consecrated
- 1768 The first Methodist church in the North American colonies, Wesley Chapel in New York City, is initiated
Cook Arrives in Cape Town
1772 Captain James Cook arrives with ship HMS Resolution in Cape Town, South Africa
1784 Napoléon Bonaparte is admitted to the elite École Militaire in Paris, marking the start of his military career
- 1837 First public railway in the Russian Empire, the Tsarskoye Selo Railway, running 27 km from Saint Petersburg to Pavlovsk, opens
- 1851 Alfred de Musset’s “Bettine” premieres in Paris
- 1864 Helena, Montana’s capital, is founded
- 1864 Treaty of Vienna is signed to end the Second Schleswig War; Denmark loses control of Schleswig to Prussia and of Holstein to Austria
James Gang Robs Bank
1866 Jesse James‘ gang robs bank in Lexington, Missouri ($2000)
Greatest Show on Earth
1873 P. T. Barnum‘s circus, “Greatest Show on Earth,” debuts in New York City
Mashonaland
1888 Ndebele King Lobengula grants Cecil Rhodes Mashonaland £100 per month
- 1899 Battle of Ladysmith: Boers defeat the British, leading to the Siege of Ladysmith in Natal
October Manifesto
1905 Russian Tsar Nicholas II grants civil liberties and accepts the first Duma (Parliament) in the “October Manifesto”
- 1911 Clark Griffith is named manager of Washington Senators
- 1914 WWI: Allied offensive in Ypres, Belgium, also known as “Wipers,” begins
The Sheik
1921 “The Sheik”, a silent film starring Rudolph Valentino, premieres in Los Angeles, California
March on Rome
1922 After organizing a March on Rome, Benito Mussolini is appointed Prime Minister of Italy by King Victor Emmanuel III, transferring political power to the fascists without armed conflict in a bloodless coup
- 1931 W2XB TV channel 1 in NYC, NY (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1939 German U boat fails attack of English battleship Nelson with Winston Churchill, Dudley Pound, and Charles Forbes aboard
- 1942 8th day of the Battle of El Alamein: new Australian assault
- 1942 US aircraft carrier Enterprise reaches Noumea
- 1942 WWII: British Royal Navy boards floundering German U-boat U-559, retrieving abandoned Enigma code machine before it sinks; two British sailors, Lt Anthony Fasson and AB Colin Grazier, go down with the sub
- 1943 Allied Foreign Ministers Conference ends in Moscow between Vyacheslav Molotov of Russia, Britain’s Antony Eden, and Cordell Hull of the US
- 1943 Soviet forces under Fyodor Ivanovich Tolbukhin commences offensive on the 4th Ukrainian Front
Appalachian Spring
1944 Aaron Copland‘s ballet score “Appalachian Spring” premieres in Washington, D.C., with Martha Graham dancing the lead role
Frank Moved to Belsen
1944 Anne Frank is transferred from Auschwitz to Belsen
- 1944 Last transport for Auschwitz arrives in Birkenau
- 1944 Scots Highlanders liberate Waalwijk
- 1944 Tholen Island (Netherlands) freed during WWII
- 1945 US Government announces the end of shoe rationing
- 1947 23 countries sign the GATT agreement in Geneva
- 1947 Darius Milhaud‘s 3rd Symphony, “Hymnus Ambrosianus,” premieres in Paris
- 1948 20 people die and 6,000 fall ill due to smog in Donora, Pennsylvania
- 1948 Operation Hiram: Israeli forces take control of Galilee
- 1950 David Diamond’s 3rd Symphony premieres with the Boston Symphony Orchestra conducted by Charles Munch
- 1951 US performs a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
- 1953 Dr Albert Schweitzer and US Army General George Marshall win the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1954 First use of 24-second shot clock in professional basketball (Rochester vs. Boston)
- 1954 US Defense Department announces elimination of all racially segregated regiments
- 1955 Businessman and horse breeder William Woodward Jr. is shot dead by his wife, Ann Cromwell, after she mistook him for an intruder
- 1955 Imtiaz Ahmed scores 209 against New Zealand, a record for a no 8 batsman
- 1956 Dodgers sell Ebbets Field to a real estate group; they agree to stay until 1959, with an option to stay until 1961
- 1956 Israel captures Egyptian military post at El-Thamad
- 1957 Dmitri Shostakovich‘s 11th Symphony premieres in Moscow
- 1957 WLWI (now WTHR) TV channel 13 in Indianapolis, IN (ABC), begins broadcasting
- 1957 WYTV TV channel 33 in Youngstown, OH (ABC), begins broadcasting
- 1960 Guatemalan newspaper “La Hora” publishes a story disclosing that the US is planning an invasion of Cuba
- 1960 Michael Woodruff performs the first successful kidney transplant at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary in the United Kingdom
- 1961 Soviet Union tests a 58 megaton hydrogen bomb named Tsar Bomba, the most powerful nuclear weapon ever detonated
- 1962 US performs a atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston Island
- 1963 Morocco and Algeria sign a ceasefire agreement
- 1963 Sandy Koufax wins the National League MVP award
- 1964 Tran Van Huong is appointed prime minister of South Vietnam
Dress Halts Australia
1965 British model Jean Shrimpton causes a sensation at Derby Day at the Melbourne races wearing a white shift dress (four inches above the knee)
- 1965 Fireworks explosions kill 50 in Cartagena, Colombia
- 1967 Arthur Allyn says Chicago White Sox will play 9 games in Milwaukee in 1968
- 1967 Belgian Ferdinand Bracke sets the world hour record by cycling 48.093 km in one hour
The Last Thing On My Mind
1967 Dolly Parton releases her debut single with Porter Wagoner “The Last Thing On My Mind”
- 1967 USSR Kosmos 186 and 188 make the first automatic docking and Venera 13 launches
Lynch Meets Wilson
1968 Jack Lynch, Irish Prime Minister (Taoiseach), meets with British Prime Minister Harold Wilson in London, calling for the ending of partition as a means to resolve the unrest in Northern Ireland
- 1968 Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded to Lars Onsager (thermodynamics)
- 1968 Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded to Luis Alvarez (bubble chamber)
- 1968 Queen Juliana opens IJtunnel in Amsterdam, Netherlands
- 1969 WXPO (now WNDS) TV channel 50 in Manchester, NH (IND), begins broadcasting
- 1970 English metal band Black Sabbath make US concert debut at Glassboro State College in Glassboro, New Jersey; show interrupted twice when they blow out the power
- 1970 KVEW TV channel 42 in Kennewick, Washington (ABC), begins broadcasting
Chichester-Clark Meets Maulling
1970 Northern Ireland Prime Minister James Chichester-Clark meets with British Home Secretary Reginald Maulling to discuss matters related to reforms and security
- 1970 Serious riots in the Catholic Ardoyne area of Belfast begin and last for three nights
- 1972 45 people die in a rail accident in Chicago, Illinois, the worst US rail accident in 14 years
- 1972 Loyalist paramilitaries carry out a raid on Royal Ulster Constabulary station in County Derry and steal four British Army Sterling sub-machine guns
- 1972 The Northern Ireland Office issues a discussion document “The Future of Northern Ireland,” stating Britain’s commitment to the union as long as the majority of people wish to remain part of the United Kingdom
1973 The Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey, is completed, connecting the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosphorus for the first time
- 1973 Tom Seaver becomes the first non-20-game winner to win the Cy Young Award
- 1974 “The Texas Chain Saw Massacre” horror film premieres in Los Angeles
A 100 mph Fastball
1974 California Angel Nolan Ryan throws the fastest recorded pitch at 100.9 mph
- 1974 Catfish Hunter is named American League Cy Young Award
The Rumble in the Jungle
1974 Muhammad Ali KOs George Foreman in the 8th round in “The Rumble in the Jungle” in Kinshasa, Zaire, regaining the world heavyweight boxing title with the famous “rope-a-dope” tactic
- 1975 Giants pitcher John “the Count of” Montefusco wins National League Rookie of Year
- 1975 John Bucyk of the Boston Bruins becomes the seventh NHL player to score 500 goals
- 1975 NY Daily News runs the headline “Ford to City: Drop Dead”
- 1976 Jane Pauley becomes the news co-anchor of the Today Show
- 1976 Rev Joseph Evans is elected president of United Church of Christ
- 1977 Pan Am 747SP lands after a polar flight around Earth in a record time of 54 hours and 7 minutes
- 1978 Laura Nickel and Curt Noll find the 25th Mersenne prime, 2^21701 – 1
- 1978 Ugandan troops attack Tanzania
- 1979 NASA launches the space vehicle S-203
- 1979 Richard Arrington Jr. is elected as the first African American mayor in Birmingham, Alabama
Journey Through The Secret Life of Plants
1979 Tamla Motown releases Stevie Wonder‘s documentary film soundtrack “Journey Through The Secret Life of Plants”
- 1980 Honduras and El Salvador sign a peace treaty ending the “Football War”
- 1980 NASA launches Flt Satcom-4
- 1982 Portugal revises its constitution
- 1983 The first democratic elections are held in Argentina after seven years of military rule
- 1984 Tigers reliever Willie Hernandez wins the American League Cy Young Award
- 1985 “Rockin’ with the Rhythm,” the second studio album by The Judds, is released (Billboard Album of the Year 1986)
- 1985 22nd NASA Space Shuttle Mission (61-A): Challenger 9 launches
- 1986 Discovery moves to the Orbiter Processing Facility, where more than 200 modifications are made
- 1987 In Japan, NEC releases the first 16-bit home entertainment system, the TurboGrafx-16, known as PC Engine
1988 Brazilian McLaren driver Ayrton Senna wins the Japanese Grand Prix at Suzuka, his record 8th Grand Prix win of the season, and clinches his first Formula 1 World Drivers’ Championship
- 1988 Jim Elliott (US) completes a 24-hour paced outdoor race covering 548.9 miles
- 1988 New York Jets beat Pittsburgh Steelers for the first time
- 1988 Two gambling clubs and 1 player share the $61.38 million California lotto jackpot
- 1989 August A. Busch III becomes CEO of the St. Louis Cardinals
- 1989 Smith Dairy in Orrville, Ohio, makes the largest milkshake, holding 1,891.69 gallons (7,158 liters)
- 1990 Britain and France complete the “Chunnel” under the English Channel
- 1990 George Michael releases his single “Freedom 90” with a music video starring supermodels Naomi Campbell, Linda Evangelista, Tatjana Patitz, Christy Turlington, and Cindy Crawford
- 1991 Colombian government negotiate with the M-19 guerrilla group
- 1991 The Madrid Peace Conference begins in Madrid, Spain, to negotiate peace in the Middle East
- 1992 MTA begins installing automated fare collection turnstiles in New York City
- 1993 Toronto Maple Leafs lose the first game of the season after going 10-0-0
- 1994 Leftist coalition wins Macedonian parliamentary election
- 1994 Thomas Nicely reports a bug in Intel‘s Pentium processor on the internet
- 1995 Québec votes in a referendum to remain part of Canada
- 1996 Exxon confirms that it is in talks with state-owned Qatar General Petroleum Corporation concerning the application of new technology to convert natural gas to petroleum products
Maradona Retires
1997 Argentine soccer star Diego Maradona announces his retirement from football on his 37th birthday
- 1997 Illinois State Police officers capture Shirley Allen, 51, after a 39-day standoff
- 2002 British Digital terrestrial television (DTT) Service Freeview begins transmitting in parts of the United Kingdom
- 2002 Run-DMC founding member Jam Master Jay is shot and killed by a drug dealer in his recording studio in New York City [1]
Wicked
2003 Stephen Schwartz’s musical “Wicked,” a retelling of the “Wizard of Oz” from the Wicked Witch of the West’s point of view, starring Idina Menzel and Kristin Chenoweth, opens at the Gershwin Theatre, New York City; the run is ongoing and wins 2 Tony Awards, 7 Drama Desk Awards, and a Grammy
- 2013 A bus catches fire in Mahbubnagar, India, killing 44 people
- 2014 Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks win the 2014 Japan Series
- 2016 6.6-magnitude earthquake hits central Italy, the strongest in Italy for 36 years
- 2016 Canada and the EU sign free trade deal after opposition by Belgium
- 2016 Oakland Raiders break the single game record for most penalties in an NFL game, gaining 23 in their win over Tampa Bay Buccaneers
- 2017 Actor Kevin Spacey issues apology after actor Anthony Rapp accuses him of inappropriate sexual behaviour when he was 14
- 2017 Gary Sinise is selected as Grand Marshal of the Pasadena Tournament of Roses Parade, which took place on January 1, 2018
Kenyan Election
2017 In the Kenyan election rerun, President Uhuru Kenyatta is declared the winner with a 38% turnout
Trump Advisors Indicted
2017 President Trump’s former campaign chairman Paul Manafort and associate Rick Gates are indicted on fraud charges; advisor George Papadopoulos pleads guilty to lying to the FBI
- 2017 US federal judge blocks President Trump‘s ban on transgender people in the military
- 2018 German ex-nurse Niels Högel admits in court to killing over 100 patients, making him one of the world’s worst serial killers
- 2018 US Pentagon sends 5,200 troops to Mexican border in advance of migrant caravan from Central America
- 2018 WWF conservation group says “exploding human consumption” has caused a 60% decline in all wildlife between 1970 and 2014
- 2019 Kashmir officially loses its autonomous status, its flag and its constitution, as India brings it under federal control
Twitter Refuses Political Ads
2019 Twitter head Jack Dorsey announces it will no longer take political ads
2020 UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson announces a second four-week lockdown for England
Rock & Roll Hall of Fame
2021 36th Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees: Foo Fighters, The Go-Go’s, Jay-Z, Carole King, Todd Rundgren, Tina Turner, Kraftwerk, Gil Scott-Heron, Charley Patton, LL Cool J, Billy Preston, Randy Rhodes, and Clarence Avant
- 2021 Grand Ole Opry broadcasts its 5000th Saturday night radio program from Nashville, Tennessee [1]
- 2021 The G20 leaders agree to a historic corporate tax deal, including a minimum corporate tax rate of 15%, at their summit in Rome
Most F1 Wins in a Season
2022 Dutch Red Bull driver Max Verstappen wins the Mexican F1 Grand Prix in Mexico City for his record-breaking 14th GP win of the season, surpassing Michael Schumacher and fellow German Sebastian Vettel
- 2022 Indonesian medical tragedy as 157 children have died from kidney injuries this year due to contaminated medicines, according to authorities [1]
- 2022 Pedestrian suspension bridge in India collapses into the River Macchu in Morbi town, Gujarat, killing 135 people [1]
- 2022 Several thousand black-clad fascist sympathizers march to slain Italian dictator BenIto Mussolini‘s’s crypt in Predappio, Italy, commemorating 100th anniversary of his bloodless coup
2023 FIFA Ballon d’Or: Argentina and Inter Miami CF forward Lionel Messi wins his record 8th award from Manchester City striker Erling Haaland; Spanish World Cup MVP Aitana Bonmati takes out the women’s award
Netanyahu Rejects Ceasefire
2023 Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu rejects calls for a ceasefire with Hamas, saying “this is a time for war” amid Israeli ground forces moving into the Gaza strip [1]
- 2023 US Union United Auto Workers reaches potential agreement to end six-week strike following ones with Ford and Stellantis [1]
- 2024 China launches spacecraft Shenzhou 19 from Ganzu to the Tiangong space station, with Wang Haoze, their first female space engineer and third female astronaut, on board [1]
- 2024 E. coli cases in the US linked to McDonald’s Quarter Pounders affect 90 people, with one fatality and 27 hospitalizations, likely due to slivered onion, according to the CDC [1]
- 2024 English rock band Coldplay plays first show in their history without all four members on stage, as bassist Guy Berryman takes ill just before showtime at Marvel Stadium in Melbourne, Australia
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