- 301 San Marino, one of the smallest nations in the world and the world’s oldest republic still in existence, is founded by Saint Marinus
Coronation of Richard the Lionheart
1189 Richard the Lionheart is crowned in Westminster, and 30 Jews are massacred after the coronation; Richard orders the perpetrators to be executed
Governor Ovando Appointed
1501 Nicolás de Ovando y Cáceres is appointed Governor of the Indies by Spanish Queen Isabella I
Battle of Dunbar
1650 Oliver Cromwell‘s English New Model Army defeats a Scottish force in a surprise attack at the Battle of Dunbar
- 1651 Battle of Worcester: Oliver Cromwell‘s New Model Army destroys the English royalist force, composed mainly of Scots, in the last battle of the English Civil War
Succession of Richard Cromwell
1658 Richard Cromwell (“Tumbledown Dick”) succeeds his father as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth
- 1683 Turkish troops break through the defenses of Vienna
- 1697 King William’s War in America ends with the Treaty of Ryswick, the peace treaty ending the Nine Years’ War between France and the Grand Alliance, reverting to conditions that existed before the war
- 1709 First major group of Swiss German colonists reaches North and South Carolina
- 1725 Britain, France, Hanover, and Prussia sign the Covenant of Hanover
- 1731 William IV, Prince of Orange, is installed as Stadtholder of Friesland
1752 Britain and the British Empire (including the American colonies) adopt the Gregorian Calendar, losing 11 days; people riot, thinking the government has stolen 11 days of their lives
- 1777 The Battle of Cooch’s Bridge is fought in Newark, Delaware, the only American Revolutionary War battle fought in Delaware
- 1777 The flag of the United States flies in battle for the first time at Cooch’s Bridge, Delaware, during a skirmish in the American Revolutionary War
- 1779 Earl d’Orvilliers (French-Spanish Armada) sails back to Brest
- 1783 The Treaty of Paris is signed in Paris, ending the American Revolutionary War between Great Britain and the United States of America
French Constitution Passed
1791 The new French Constitution, declaring France a constitutional monarchy, is passed by the National Assembly during the French Revolution
- 1798 Battle of St. George’s Caye: Week-long battle begins between the Spanish Empire and Great Britain off the coast of Belize
- 1812 The world’s first factory to preserve food in tinned iron containers (Donkin, Hall, and Gamble) opens in London, England, to supply food to the Royal Navy
- 1826 USS Vincennes leaves New York to become the first warship to circumnavigate the globe
- 1832 Rebellious enslaved people set fire to Paramaribo, Suriname
- 1833 New York Sun, the first daily newspaper, begins publishing
- 1852 Anti-Jewish riots break out in Stockholm, Sweden
- 1855 Indian Wars: 700 soldiers under American General William S. Harney avenge the Grattan Massacre by attacking a Sioux village in Nebraska, killing 100 men, women, and children
- 1861 Confederate forces enter Kentucky, ending its neutrality
- 1864 Battle of Berryville, Virginia, Confederate forces retreat in the face of Union strength
- 1864 US, British, French, and Dutch naval officers sail the Straits of Shimonoseki
- 1865 Army commander in South Carolina orders Freedmen’s Bureau to stop seizing land
- 1874 The Congress of the State of Mexico elevates Naucalpan to the category of Villa with the title of “Villa de Juárez”
- 1878 British passenger paddle steamer Princess Alice sinks in a collision on the River Thames with the collier Bywell Castle, killing 645 people
- 1880 Jesse James’ gang robs the Mammoth Cave stagecoach in Kentucky
- 1891 Cotton pickers organize a union and stage a strike in Texas
- 1891 John Stephens Durham is named US minister to Haiti
- 1900 Russian troops now control both sides of the Amur River on the Russo-Manchurian boundary
- 1900 With a proclamation by General Lord Roberts, Britain annexes the Boer Republic of South Africa
- 1903 American yacht Reliance, the largest gaff-rigged cutter ever built, defends America’s Cup for the NYYC, beating UK challenger Shamrock III off the New Jersey shore for a 3-0 series win
- 1904 For the first time in Olympic Games history, there is a throw-off in the discus final after Americans Martin Sheridan and Ralph Rose tie with a best throw of 128 ft 10½ in (39.28 m) in St. Louis; Sheridan wins with 127 ft 10¼ in (38.97 m)
- 1906 After an eight-minute argument over an umpire call, the NY Highlanders win by forfeit over the Philadelphia A’s; the Highlanders achieve an MLB record fifth doubleheader sweep on consecutive days
- 1906 Philadelphia Giants win the Negro Championship Cup in Philadelphia before 10,000 fans, Black baseball’s largest crowd ever
Burns KOs Lang
1908 Canadian world heavyweight boxing champion Tommy Burns knocks out Australian Bill Lang in six rounds in Melbourne in a warm-up fight for his famous title bout with Jack Johnson
- 1908 James Barrie’s “What Every Woman Knows” premieres in London
Five Pieces for Orchestra
1912 Arnold Schoenberg‘s “Fünf Orchesterstücke” (Five Pieces for Orchestra) premieres in London at a Promenade Concert
- 1914 British Expeditionary Army and General Lanrezac’s army attack the Marne
Pope Benedict XV
1914 Cardinal Giacomo della Chiesa becomes Pope Benedict XV
- 1914 French troops vacate Reims
- 1914 Lemberg, the capital of Galicia, is taken after a three-day battle in which the Russians rout the Austrians
- 1914 Prince Wilhelm von Wied leaves Albania
- 1916 Battle of Verdun: French counterattacks on German flanks push their frontline further from the town
Adamson Act
1916 US President Woodrow Wilson signs the Adamson Act, providing an 8-hour workday for interstate railroad workers and preventing a national railroad strike
- 1917 First night bombing of London by German aircraft
- 1917 German troops overrun Riga, Latvia
- 1917 Grover Cleveland Alexander pitches complete games in a doubleheader
- 1918 Allied forces push German troops back across the Hindenburg Line
- 1918 Five soldiers are hanged for alleged participation in the Houston riot (or Camp Logan riot); in all, 19 mutineers are executed
- 1919 General John Smuts becomes the second Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa
1919 President Woodrow Wilson sets out on a tour of the USA to rouse public opinion behind the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations
Event of Interest
1924 Laurence Stallings and Maxwell Anderson‘s “What Price Glory?” premieres in New York City
- 1925 The airship USS Shenandoah (ZR-1) crashes in a storm near Caldwell, Ohio, killing 14; 29 survive
Jimmie Foxx Hits #51
1932 A’s first baseman Jimmie Foxx smashes his 50th and 51st home runs to become only the third player to reach 50 in an MLB season, joining Babe Ruth and Hack Wilson
300 mph Barrier Broken
1935 British racer Malcolm Campbell powers Bluebird to 301.129 mph at the Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah, becoming the first automobile to exceed 300 mph
Battle of Talavera de la Reina
1936 Francisco Franco‘s troops conquer Irún and Talavera de la Reina, Spain
- 1938 The 1940 Olympic site changes from Tokyo, Japan, to Helsinki, Finland, because of the Second Sino-Japanese War; WWII causes eventual cancellation
- 1939 German submarine U-30, commanded by Oberleutnant Fritz-Julius Lemp, sinks British passenger ship SS Athenia; 117 people die, including 28 Americans
- 1939 Mitford sister and Nazi sympathizer Unity Mitford attempts suicide after Britain declares war on Germany; the bullet lodged in her brain eventually kills her in 1948
- 1939 World War II: Britain declares war on Germany after the invasion of Poland; France follows six hours later, quickly joined by Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and Canada
- 1940 39.4 cm of rainfall in Sapulpa, Oklahoma (state record)
Operation Sealion
1940 Adolf Hitler orders an invasion of Great Britain for September 21 (Operation Seelöwe/Sealion)
- 1940 Dutch government-in-exile of Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy forms in London, England
- 1940 German security police, the Sicherheitsdienst, ban the Freemasons, Rotary, and Red Cross
- 1940 US gives Britain 50 destroyers in exchange for a Newfoundland base lease
- 1941 First use of Zyklon-B gas in Auschwitz on Russian prisoners of war [1]
- 1941 KYW TV channel 3 in Philadelphia, PA (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1943 British 8th Army lands in Messina, Sicily, Italy
- 1943 Italy and the Allies sign the Armistice of Cassibile, the Italian instrument of surrender, signed by Italian General Giuseppe Castellano and US General Walter Bedell Smith at Cassibile in Sicily and made public five days later
Last Dutch Jews to Auschwitz
1944 68th and final transport of Dutch Jews, including Anne Frank, departs from Westerbork for Auschwitz concentration camp
- 1944 Canadian troops liberate Abbeville, France
- 1944 French troops liberate Lyon, France
- 1944 Holocaust diarist Anne Frank is sent to Auschwitz concentration camp [1]
- 1944 Prince Bernhard is appointed supreme commander of the Netherlands Domestic Armed Forces
- 1944 Tank division of British Guards frees Brussels, Belgium
- 1945 World War II: Japanese forces in the Philippines surrender to the Allies
- 1947 New York Yankees total 18 hits, all singles, to rout the Boston Red Sox 11-2 at Fenway Park
- 1947 Philadelphia A’s rookie pitcher Bill McCahan no-hits the Washington Senators, 3-0
- 1948 Władysław Gomułka is deposed as General Secretary of the Polish Workers’ Party
- 1949 Fire in Chiang-king, China, kills 7,000 people
1950 Giuseppe “Nino” Farina wins the inaugural Formula 1 World Drivers’ Championship by winning the Italian Grand Prix at Monza in an Alfa Romeo, finishing three points ahead of Juan Manuel Fangio
- 1954 Espionage and Sabotage Act of 1954 is signed in the US, prompted by the Cold War
- 1954 The German U-Boat U-505 begins its move from a specially constructed dock to its final site at Chicago’s Museum of Science and Industry
- 1954 The People’s Liberation Army begins shelling the ROC-controlled islands of Quemoy and Amoy
- 1955 KTBS TV channel 3 in Shreveport, LA (ABC) begins broadcasting
Jockey Longden Sets Win Record
1956 American Johnny Longden becomes thoroughbred racing’s winningest rider, breaking the record of 4,870 wins by British jockey Sir Gordon Richards; rides Arrogate to victory in the Del Mar Handicap
- 1956 Tanks are deployed against racist demonstrators in Clinton, Tennessee
- 1957 Brooklyn Dodgers play their final game in Jersey City, a 3-2 loss to the Philadelphia Phillies; 11-4 record in New Jersey
- 1957 KTCA TV channel 2 in St Paul-Minneapolis, MN (PBS) begins broadcasting
Baseball Record
1957 Milwaukee Braves pitcher Warren Spahn sets an NL record for a left-hander with his 41st shutout, beating the Cubs 8-0
- 1960 Livio Berruti of Italy wins the gold medal in the 200 m in a world record time of 20.5 seconds at the Rome Olympics
- 1960 US women’s 4 x 100 m freestyle relay team of Joan Spillane, Shirley Stobs, Carolyn Wood, and Chris von Saltza swims a world record of 4:08.9 to beat Australia by 2.4 seconds and win the gold medal at the Rome Olympics
- 1961 Athol Fugard’s first major play “The Blood Knot” premieres at Dorkay House, Johannesburg, as the first stage performance with an interracial cast in South Africa [1]
- 1964 Second incident that year of race riots in Singapore between Chinese and Malay; 13 people are killed and 106 are injured
- 1965 García Godoy forms a government in the Dominican Republic
- 1965 Preparing a move to Anaheim, the Los Angeles Angels change their name to the California Angels
- 1965 Rolling Stones concert at the Adelphi Theatre in Dublin, Ireland, halts after 12 minutes due to a riot
Gene Roddenberry Honored
1966 24th World Science Fiction Convention honors “Star Trek” creator Gene Roddenberry
- 1966 Houston Oilers hold Denver Broncos to no first downs in their NFL season-opening 45-7 win at Rice Stadium
- 1967 Final episode of “What’s My Line?” is hosted by John Charles Daly on CBS TV
1967 Sweden begins driving on the right-hand side of the road (Dagen H)
- 1967 WJPM TV channel 33 in Florence, SC (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1970 After playing a NL record 1,117 consecutive MLB games, Chicago Cubs outfielder Billy Williams asks to sit out
Bill Haley Rejects Tour
1970 Bill Haley & His Comets reject $30,000 for a 15-date tour of Australia
- 1971 A baby girl and an Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) soldier are killed in separate shooting incidents in Northern Ireland
- 1971 Manlio Brosio resigns as secretary general of NATO
- 1971 Qatar regains full independence from Britain
- 1971 Watergate team breaks into Daniel Ellsberg’s psychiatrist’s office in Los Angeles but fails to find his file
World Record
1972 American swimmer Keena Rothhammer swims a world record 8:53.68 to beat Australian wonder-kid Shane Gould in the 800 m at the Munich Olympics
World Record
1972 American swimmer Mark Spitz wins the coveted 100 m gold medal in a world record time of 51.22 at the Munich Olympics and completes the freestyle sprint double, having already won the 200 m in a world record time of 1:52.78
- 1972 American women’s 4 x 100 m medley relay team of Melissa Belote, Cathy Carr, Deena Deardurff, and Sandy Neilson swims a world record 4:20.75 to beat East Germany for gold at the Munich Olympics
Baseball Record
1972 Atlanta Braves slugger Hank Aaron earns his 6,135th total base to break Stan Musial’s MLB record in an 8-0 home loss to the Philadelphia Phillies
- 1972 Finnish runner Lasse Virén scores a famous victory in the 10,000 m at the Munich Olympics in world record 27:38.35
- 1972 Great Britain’s Mary Peters sets a new world record of 4,801 points to win the Munich Olympics pentathlon gold by just 10 points over Heide Rosendahl of West Germany
- 1972 Jerry Grant is the first driver to average over 200 mph in a qualifying lap in Champ Car history, achieving a speed of 201.414 mph at Ontario Motor Speedway
- 1972 Swedish swimmer Gunnar Larsson wraps up the Olympic medley double as he sets a world record of 2:07.17 in the 200 m individual medley in Munich, having already won the 400m I/M
- 1973 General Walters ends his term as acting director of the CIA
- 1973 Jerry Lewis‘s 8th Muscular Dystrophy Telethon
Sports History
1974 Future Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame guard Oscar Robertson retires, leaving the NBA with 26,710 points, 9,887 assists, and 7,804 rebounds in 1,040 games
- 1974 SF Giants pitcher John Montefusco, in his MLB debut, hits a home run in his first at-bat and pitches nine innings in relief to earn a 9-5 victory over the Dodgers
- 1974 The US and the German Democratic Republic establish diplomatic relations
- 1975 Chartered Boeing 707 crashes in Atlas Mountains of Morocco, killing 188
Baseball Record
1975 Dodgers first baseman Steve Garvey begins his National League record 1,207 consecutive game streak in a 13-2 loss against the Cincinnati Reds
- 1975 England cricket batsman Bob Woolmer scores 149 on the final day to save the 4th Test against Australia at The Oval in the longest first-class match played in England, lasting 32 hours and 17 minutes
- 1976 Viking 2 soft-lands on Mars (Utopia) and returns photos
- 1977 Japanese baseball superstar Sadaharu Oh hits his 756th career home run to surpass Hank Aaron as the all-time career leader in professional baseball
- 1978 Crew of Soyuz 31 returns to Earth aboard Soyuz 29
- 1978 Pope John Paul I is officially installed as the 263rd Supreme Pontiff
- 1979 Hurricane David, a strong Atlantic storm, kills over 1,000 people
- 1979 Iran army conquers Mahabad
- 1979 Jerry Lewis‘s 14th Muscular Dystrophy telethon raises $30,000,000
- 1981 Longest MLB game in Fenway Park history is suspended after 19 innings with Seattle Mariners 7, Boston Red Sox 7; Mariners win 8-7 in the 20th inning the following morning
- 1982 Anker Jørgensen government in Denmark resigns
- 1984 28-year-old Chicagoan wins $40 million in Illinois State Lottery
- 1984 Jerry Lewis‘s 19th Muscular Dystrophy telethon raises $32,074,566
- 1984 MLB St. Louis Cardinals closer Bruce Sutter breaks his own NL record for saves in a season with his 45th in a 7-3 win over the NY Mets; the record is broken in 1991 by Lee Smith of the St. Louis Cardinals
- 1984 South Africa adopts a constitution
- 1985 20th NASA Space Shuttle Mission (51-I): Discovery 6 returns to Earth
Baseball Record
1985 NY Mets catcher Gary Carter smashes three consecutive home runs in an 8-3 win against San Diego Padres at Jack Murphy Stadium
- 1986 Houston Astros and Chicago Cubs use an MLB record of 53 players, including 17 pitchers, in a two-day, 18-inning marathon; Astros win 8-7
- 1987 A coup in Burundi suspends the constitution
- 1988 An estimated 50,000 Kurdish civilians and soldiers are killed by Iraq by this date, many using chemical weapons, in the aftermath of the Iran-Iraq War
- 1989 Ilyushin-62 crashes into a residential area of Havana, killing 170 people
- 1990 Helen Hudson sings the national anthem in the 26th park of the year, San Diego
- 1990 Jerry Lewis‘s 25th Muscular Dystrophy telethon raises $44,172,186
Baseball Record
1990 White Sox closer Bobby Thigpen tops Dave Righetti‘s MLB record with his 47th save in Chicago’s 4-2 win against the Royals; Thigpen finishes the season with 57 saves
- 1992 Jerry Lewis‘s 27th Muscular Dystrophy telethon raises $45,759,368
- 1994 Miami routs Georgia Southern 56-0, breaking the NCAA football record with its 58th consecutive home victory, surpassing the previous record of 57 straight home wins held by Alabama, who achieved this streak between 1963 and 1982
- 1994 Terry Dean of Florida throws an NCAA football record 7 touchdown passes in the first half as the Gators roll to a 70-21 drubbing of New Mexico State
- 1995 Carolina Panthers lose their debut NFL game in overtime 23-20 to the Atlanta Falcons in front of 58,808 fans at Georgia Dome
- 1995 eBay (Electronic Bay) is founded by Pierre Omidyar
- 1995 In their NFL debut game, the Jacksonville Jaguars fall to the Houston Oilers 10-3; 72,363 fans attend Jacksonville Municipal Stadium
- 1995 Soyuz TM-22 launches into orbit
- 1996 David Slowinski and Paul Gage discover 2^1257787 – 1, the 34th known Mersenne prime
- 1997 Vietnam Airlines Flight 815, operated by a Tupolev TU-134, crashes on approach to Phnom Penh Airport, killing 65 with one survivor
NHL History
1999 Mario Lemieux‘s ownership group officially takes over the NHL Pittsburgh Penguins; Lemieux is the first player in the modern era of sports to buy the team he once played for
- 2001 In just his 11th start, St. Louis Cardinals’ rookie pitcher Bud Smith no-hits the San Diego Padres, 4-0
- 2004 Beslan school massacre, an Islamist terrorist attack in North Ossetia–Alania, Russia, ends in the deaths of approximately 344 people, mostly teachers and children
- 2005 After beating South Africa the previous weekend, New Zealand clinches its 6th Tri Nations Rugby Series with a 34-24 win over Australia in Auckland; All Blacks winger Doug Howlett crosses for 3 tries
- 2006 Los Angeles Sparks center Lisa Leslie wins the WNBA Most Valuable Player award, joining Sheryl Swoopes as the league’s only three-time winners
- 2007 Panama Canal’s “Third Set of Locks” expansion project begins with a massive initial explosion under Paraíso Hill, watched by thousands of people
Baseball Record
2007 Pedro Martínez returns from the disabled list, wins his 207th career game, and collects his 3,000th career strikeout
- 2008 The new Oklahoma City NBA franchise announces the team will be named the “Thunder” in reference to powerful storms in the area
- 2009 Pedro Martínez becomes the 10th pitcher in history to win at least 100 games in each league
- 2012 New Zealand announces withdrawal of its forces from Afghanistan
- 2012 Three people are killed and 19 wounded by a car bombing in Peshawar, Pakistan
- 2012 Typhoon Bolaven kills 48 people in North Korea
Click the Source link for more details
