- 690 Maya ruler of Palenque K’inich Kan Bahlam dedicates the Temple of the Inscriptions to Pakal, his recently deceased father and the city’s greatest ruler
- 1016 Battle of Pontlevoy: one of largest battles of early Medieval France won by Fulk the Black and Hebert I of Maine against Odo II of Blois in the Loire Valley
- 1044 The Battle of Ménfő takes place in Hungary, won by a German force led by Peter Orseolo over Hungarians
- 1253 Mindaugas is crowned King of Lithuania
1348 Papal bull of Pope Clement VI issued during the Black Death states Jews are not to blame and encourages their protection
- 1415 Bohemian religious reformer Jan Hus is burned at the stake in Constance, Germany
- 1491 Opening ceremony of Kyoto’s Daitokuji Shinju at the sub-temple
Battle of Fornovo
1495 Battle of Fornovo, near Parma: French King Charles VIII beats Holy League
Marquessate of the Valley of Oaxaca
1529 Conquistador Hernán Cortés granted lands and title of Marquisate of the Oaxaca Valley by Spanish King Charles V [1]
- 1560 England and Scotland sign Treaty of Edinburgh
- 1573 Córdoba, Argentina, is founded by Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera
- 1573 Pacificatie of Boulogne: King Charles IX signs edict ending the French War of Religion peace treaty with Huguenots
- 1590 English admiral Francis Drake takes Portuguese Forts at Taag
- 1609 Majesteitsbrief: Emperor Rudolf II grants Bohemia freedom of religion
- 1621 Dutch governor general John Pieterszoon Coen takes Banda islands, 15,000 die
- 1630 Swedish troops under Gustaf II Adolf land at Peenemunde
- 1634 Johan van Walbeeck’s ships bypass St-Anna Bay, Curaçao
- 1641 Battle at La Marfée Sedan: Earl Soisson beats French government army
- 1652 Fire on Dutch Dam (Amsterdam’s city hall burns)
- 1669 LaSalle leaves Montreal to explore Ohio River
- 1673 French troops conquer Maastricht as part of the Franco-Dutch War
1775 Congress issues the “Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking up Arms”, written by Thomas Jefferson and John Dickinson and lists American grievances but denies any intent to be independent
1776 American Declaration of Independence announced on front page of “PA Evening Gazette”
- 1777 British General Burgoyne captures Fort Ticonderoga from Americans
- 1782 British-French sea battle at Negapatam (off India)
- 1785 US Congress unanimously resolves to name the US currency the “dollar” and adopts decimal coinage
- 1787 French government proclaims end to stamp/land tax
- 1787 Orange troops occupy Area at Duurstede
- 1789 French Revolution: the National Assembly forms a committee of thirty members to write a new constitution
- 1798 US law makes aliens “liable to be apprehended, restrained, … & removed as alien enemies”
- 1801 Battle at Algeciras: French fleet beats British
Battle of Wagram
1809 Battle of Wagram: After a two day battle, Napoleon‘s French and allied army decisively defeats the Austrian army under Archduke Charles, leads to the breakup of the Austrian and British-led Fifth Coalition against France
- 1840 Christian Hebbel’s “Judith” premieres in Berlin
National Black Convention
1853 National Black convention meets in Rochester NY, ex-slave Frederick Douglass attends
- 1853 William Wells Brown publishes “Clotel,” the first novel by an African American
- 1854 1st Republican state convention held in Jackson, Michigan
- 1858 Lyman Blake patents a shoe manufacturing machine
- 1862 Skirmish at Devall’s Bluff, Arkansas (106 casualties)
- 1863 Battle of Williamsport, Maryland [-Jul 07]
- 1863 Northern Territory passes from New South Wales to South Australia
- 1869 Black candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia, Dr J. H. Harris defeated
- 1882 14 Russian Jews from Bilu arrive in Jaffa, Palestine
Anti-rabies Vaccine
1885 Louis Pasteur successfully gives an anti-rabies vaccine to 9-year-old Joseph Meister, saving his life
La Liga Filipina
1892 Jose Rizal forms political group La Liga Filipina in Manila
- 1892 Striking steel workers in Homestead, Pennsylvania, fire on scabs, killing 7
- 1893 The small town of Pomeroy, Iowa, is nearly destroyed by a tornado that kills 71 people and injures 200
- 1894 Cleveland sends 2,000 troops to Chicago to suppress Pullman strike
- 1898 US Senate agrees to annex Hawaii
- 1903 George Wyman arrives in NYC by motorcycle 51 days out of San Francisco
Alton B. Parker Nominated
1904 The US Democratic Party nominates little known New York judge Alton B. Parker for presidential nominee – virtually assuring the election of Theodore Roosevelt
- 1904 Two Russian cruisers move into the Red Sea and begin to stop ships of Britain, Germany, and other nations they believe friendly to Japan
Deakin Again Prime Minister
1905 Alfred Deakin becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the second time
- 1907 Tom Reece takes 5 weeks to compile the highest recorded billiards break in a match (499,135) in London, his ‘cradle’ cannon method is soon banned
Peary Departs for the Arctic
1908 American explorer Robert Peary sets out of his eighth arctic expedition sailing from NYC for the north pole
- 1912 Donald Lippincott runs world record 100m (10.6)
- 1912 V Summer (Modern) Olympic Games officially open Stockholm, Sweden; events conducted prior to the ceremony dating back to 5 May
- 1916 The second of four fatal Jersey Shore shark attacks occurs at Spring Lake when Charles Bruder (27) bleeds to death, five days after the first
- 1919 British R-34 lands in NY, 1st airship to cross Atlantic (108 hr)
Institute for Sexual Science
1919 Institute for Sexual Science opened in Berlin by physician Magnus Hirschfeld to establish study of sexual science
1923 The Central Executive Committee accepts the Treaty of Union, signed in Moscow in December 1922, and the Russian Empire becomes the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
- 1924 First photo is sent experimentally across the Atlantic by radio from the US to England
- 1928 First all-talking motion picture shown in NY (Lights of New York)
- 1928 Largest recorded hailstone at the time, weighing 1.5 lbs and measuring 7 inches in diameter, falls in Potter, Nebraska
- 1929 St. Louis Cardinals set MLB run record with 28 runs on 28 hits (28-6 v Phillies)
- 1930 Fred Newton (27) commences attempt to swim entire length of the Mississippi River from Ford Dam, Minnesota, to New Orleans, Louisiana; he covers 1826 miles over 176 days, almost twice the 90 days he estimates
- 1932 Cubs’ future All Star shortstop Billy Jurges is shot twice in Chicago hotel room by a spurned girlfriend, Violet Popovich Valli; no charges laid
- 1932 First-class postage increases to 3 cents from 2 cents
Appearance of The Three Stooges
1933 “Nertsery Rhymes” short film starring Ted Healy and His Stooges premieres, one of the first film appearance of The Three Stooges
- 1935 Dutch architect Adriaan van de Steur’s Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen opens in Rotterdam
- 1936 114°F (46°C), Moorhead, Minnesota (state record)
- 1936 121°F (49°C), Steele, North Dakota (state record)
- 1936 A major breach of the Manchester, Bolton and Bury Canal in England sends millions of gallons of water cascading 200 feet into the River Irwell
- 1939 German Nazis close last Jewish enterprises
Monument to Lou Gehrig
1941 New York Yankees team unveils a monument to former captain Lou Gehrig in center field at Yankee Stadium; the future Hall of Famer died the previous month
Frank Family Go into Hiding
1942 Anne Frank‘s family goes into hiding in After House, Amsterdam
- 1942 WWII: German commander Von Hoth’s 4th Panzer Army captures the western part of Russian city of Voronezh
- 1943 2nd day of Battle of Kursk, USSR: Operation Citadel: 25,000 Germans killed
- 1943 US destroyer William D Porter [Willie Dee] launched
- 1944 World’s largest circus tent catches fire at Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus in Hartford, Connecticut, killing at least 167 people and injuring 700 in one of the worst fire disasters in US history
1945 Nicaragua becomes the first nation to ratify the United Nations Charter
- 1945 US President Harry Truman signs executive order establishing Medal of Freedom
Law of Succession Referendum
1947 Spain votes for Francisco Franco as Head of State for life until death
- 1949 Cincinnati Reds catcher Walker Cooper goes 6 for 7, (3 HRs, 3 singles, 5 runs scored, 10 RBI) in 23-4 win v Chicago Cubs
- 1949 Freak heat wave sent central coast of Portugal to 158°F for 2 minutes
- 1950 German DR recognizes Oder-Neisse borders with Poland
- 1952 Last tram ride in London
- 1954 KMOS TV channel 6 in Sedalia-Warrensburg, MO (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1954 Tunisian government of M’zali, resigns
- 1956 Cleveland outfielder Jim Busby hits a second grand slam on consecutive days during Indians 4-2 win v Kansas City A’s
Sports History
1956 MLB Commissioner Ford Frick inaugurates Cy Young Award, to honour baseball’s outstanding pitcher of the season
Music Concert
1957 John Lennon (16) and Paul McCartney (15) meet for the first time as Lennon’s rock group, the Quarrymen, performs at St. Peter’s Woolton Parish Church in Liverpool, introduced by mutual friend Ivan Vaughn
- 1958 Adolfo López Mateos elected President of Mexico
- 1959 Saar becomes part of German Federal Republic
- 1959 WENH TV channel 11 in Durham, NH (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1960 Dr Barbara Moore completes a 3,207 mile walk from LA to NYC
- 1961 Portuguese ship explodes near Mozambique, kills 300
- 1962 Emir Said al-Djazairi takes van Algerian throne in Syria
Baseball Record
1962 New York Yankees ‘M&M boys’ Roger Maris & Mickey Mantle hit 2 HRs each in 7-5 win v Twins, Mantle his 4th consecutive homer
- 1962 Nuclear test shot Sedan; part of Operation Plowshare
- 1963 South African workers’ union leader Billy Nair (33) arrested and charged with sabotage and attempting to overthrow the government
- 1964 Malawi (formerly Nyasaland) declares independence from the United Kingdom
- 1964 The Beatles’ film “A Hard Day’s Night” premieres at The Pavilion in London, England
- 1965 Psychedelic rock band “Jefferson Airplane” forms in San Francisco, California
- 1966 Malawi becomes a republic, Dr Hastings Kamuzu Banda becomes president
- 1967 Nigerian Civil War erupts as Nigerian forces invade the secessionist state of Biafra
- 1968 Sacharov publishes “Manifest of 10,000 words”
- 1969 Frente Obrero y Liberacion (FOL) forms in Curacao
- 1970 California passes the first no-fault divorce law in the United States
- 1970 Irish Minister for External Affairs Partick Hillery pays an unofficial visit to the Falls Road area of Belfast, an areas only just subject to a curfew by British Army
- 1971 A member of the Official Irish Republican Army (OIRA) is killed in a premature explosion in County Tipperary, Republic of Ireland
- 1971 Barend Biesheuvel government forms in Netherlands
- 1971 Dr Hastings Kamuzu Banda sworn in as President for Life of Malawi
- 1971 White House Plumbers unit formed to plug news leaks
- 1975 Argentine government falls
- 1975 Art Wall Jr. at 51 years, 7 months, 10 days becomes the second oldest to win a PGA Tour event, beating Gary McCord by 1 at the Greater Milwaukee Open (oldest Sam Snead)
- 1975 Comoros declare independence from France (most of them)
- 1976 Soyuz 21 carries two cosmonauts to Salyut 5 space station
- 1977 France performs nuclear test at Mururoa Atoll
- 1978 A sleeping car catches fire in Taunton, Somerset, killing twelve people
- 1978 Israeli jet fighters swoop over predominantly Muslim West Beirut
- 1979 IRA bomb explodes in British consulate in Antwerp
- 1980 France performs nuclear test
Baseball Record
1980 MLB Philadelphia Phillies starter Steve Carlton fans 7 Cardinals to reach 2,836 strikeouts, the most by a left-handed pitcher in MLB history
- 1983 Supreme Court rules retirement plans can’t pay women less
- 1984 New Zealand sisters Liz and Rose Signal become the first twins to play in the same cricket Test match, v England at Headingley
- 1986 Atlanta infielder Bob Horner becomes 11th player to hit 4 home runs in a MLB game during Braves 11-8 loss v Montreal
- 1986 Ex-minister Arturo Tolentino failed coup in the Philippines
- 1986 Premier Nakasone’s Liberal Democratic Party wins Japan’s election
- 1987 First of three massacres by Sikh extremists takes place in India
- 1987 USSR performs nuclear test
- 1988 “Piper Alpha” oil drilling platform explosion kills 167 in the North Sea about 190 km (120 miles) north-east of Aberdeen, Scotland; rig operated by Occidental Petroleum (Caledonia) Limited, explodes, 167 die
- 1988 Carlos Salinas de Gortari elected President of Mexico
Sports History
1989 Ex-Phillies 3rd baseman Mike Schmidt becomes the first retired MLB player to be named to start the All Star game; he elects not to play
- 1989 US marshals & FCC seize pirate radio station WHOT in Brooklyn
Sports History
1992 MLB Commissioner Fay Vincent institutes plans to realign NL
- 1993 England cricket batsman Graham Thorpe scores 114 on Test debut, in drawn 3rd Test v Australia at Trent Bridge
- 1994 21.1 inches (51.6 cm) rainfall at Americus, Georgia (state record)
- 1994 CFL American expansion Shreveport Pirates lose game, 40-10 at the Ottawa Rough Riders; fold 1995
- 1994 Lerou Burrell runs world record 100m (9.85)
- 1995 Venezuelan Congress approves the country’s first investment law allowing for foreign participation in oil exploration and production
- 1996 In a 2-0 win v Brewers, New York Yankees closer John Wetteland sets MLB record 20 consecutive saves en route to 24
- 1997 Australian cricket batsman Steve Waugh completes twin centuries (108 & 116) in 268 run 3rd Test win v England at Old Trafford
Sports History
1997 Montreal Expos retire Baseball Hall of Fame outfielder Andre Dawson‘s uniform #10
- 1998 England cricket spin bowler Robert Croft saves England from defeat with a famous unbeaten 37 in 190 minutes on day 5 of 2nd Test v South Africa at Old Trafford, Manchester
- 1998 Hong Kong’s Kai Tak Airport is closed and the new Hong Kong International Airport at Chek Lap Kok becomes operational
- 1999 U.S. Army private Barry Winchell dies from baseball-bat injuries inflicted in his sleep the previous day by fellow soldiers for his relationship with transgendered showgirl and former Navy combat medic, Calpernia Addams
- 2000 Real estate developer Stan Kroenke announces the acquisition of the Denver Nuggets, Colorado Avalanche and the Pepsi Centre for $450m from the Ascent Entertainment Group
- 2000 West Ham United FC pays a record £1.8 million for the late Bobby Moore’s collection of memorabilia; 79 items including his 1966 World Cup winner’s medal
2002 Wimbledon Women’s Tennis: Serena Williams beats older sister Venus 7-6, 6-3 for her first Wimbledon singles title
- 2003 70-meter Eupatoria Planetary Radar sends a METI message (Cosmic Call 2) to 5 stars: Hip 4872, HD 245409, 55 Cancri, HD 10307 and 47 Ursae Majoris that will arrive in 2036, 2040, May 2044, September 2044 and 2049 respectively
Sports History
2003 Martina Navratilova claims her 20th all-time Wimbledon title as she and Leander Paes beat Andy Ram & Anastassia Rodionova 6-3, 6-3 in the mixed doubles final
- 2005 IOC awards London the right to host the Games of the XXX Olympiad in 2012 with a vote of 54 to 50 over Paris on the fourth and final ballot.
- 2006 The Nathula Pass between India and China, sealed during the Sino-Indian War, re-opens for trade after 44 years
- 2009 Jadranka Kosor becomes the first female Prime Minister of Croatia
Incubus
2010 “Incubus” singer Brandon Boyd announces the release of his debut solo album, “The Wild Trapeze”
- 2012 Gunmen kill 18 people in Turbat, Pakistan
- 2013 14 people are killed after a train runs over a rickshaw in Sheikhupura, Pakistan
- 2013 3 people are killed and 181 are injured after a Boeing 777 crash lands at San Francisco Airport
- 2013 42 people are killed and 5 missing after a freight train carrying crude oil rolls unmanned for 12km before derailing at Lac-Megantic, Quebec igniting fires and explosions
- 2013 42 people are killed in an attack on a boarding school in Mamudo, Nigeria
- 2013 British & Irish Lions Rugby Union team thrash Australia, 41-16 in Sydney for a 2-1 series win, their first against the Wallabies since 1997
- 2014 Israeli Air Force strike kills 7 Hamas militants in the Gaza Strip
Sports History
2015 Floyd Mayweather Jr. is stripped of his WBO welterweight boxing title after failing to pay $200k sanctioning fee and vacate his 2 junior middleweight titles
- 2016 African American Alton Sterling is shot by Louisiana police in Baton Rouge, while being restrained on the ground, the killing is filmed
- 2016 African American Philando Castile is shot by police in St Paul, Minnesota after being pulled over for a broken rear light, killing is filmed
Event of Interest
2016 Chilcot Report, UK’s Iraqi War Inquiry released; concludes Tony Blair overstated case for war and was unpreparaed
- 2016 Pokémon Go, the real-world mobile game by Niantic, is first released
- 2016 South African athlete Oscar Pistorius is sentenced to 6 years in jail for the murder of his girlfriend Reeva Steenkamp in 2013
- 2017 France announces it will ban petrol and diesel cars by 2040
- 2017 Illinois State Senate votes to override Governor Bruce Rauner’s veto to approve 1st budget in more than two years, longest-lasting such dispute of any state
- 2017 Sri Lankan government confirms outbreak of dengue fever has killed at least 227
- 2018 Floods and landslides begin in south-western Japan, killing at least 200 people with more missing. Evacuation orders for nearly 2 million.
- 2018 Iranian instagram star Maedeh Hojabri confesses on state TV for posting videos of her dancing
- 2018 Paraguay announces it has eliminated malaria
- 2018 Prime Minister Carlos Agostinho do Rosário of Mozambique sacks the board of Lam Airlines after he is left stranded when a plane runs out of fuel
- 2019 Jorge Masvidal (34-13) sets a UFC record by needing just 5 seconds to KO Ben Askren (19-1, 1 NC) during their welterweight bout at UFC 239 in Las Vegas, Nevada
Sports History
2019 LA Clippers acquire 2 NBA megastars in one day; Finals MVP Kawhi Leonard from Toronto in free agency, and Paul George from OKC for an unprecedented trade bounty of players and picks
- 2019 Super Rugby Final, Christchurch: Canterbury Crusaders win their 10th title with a 19-3 win over Argentina’s Jaguares
- 2020 America officially begins withdrawing from the World Health Organization
Contract of Interest
2020 Kansas City Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes agrees to the largest contract for an athlete in sports history, inking a 12-year deal that could end up being worth US$503 million
- 2020 Zoonotic diseases, which jump from animals to humans, are increasing due to unsustainable farming and climate change according to new report by the UN
Event of Interest
2021 Mary Simon is named Canada’s first indigenous Governor General by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau
Event of Interest
2022 Dramatic day in British politics as more than 40 government ministers and aides withdraw their support from PM Boris Johnson and resign, a 24 hour record [1]
- 2022 First ever joint appearance by MI5 head Ken McCallum and the FBI Director Christopher A. Wray, warning China is the “biggest long-term threat to our economic and national security” [1]
- 2022 Rocco Morabito, Italian second-most wanted and one of the world’s most power drug brokers extradited from Brazil to Italy, after being on the run for 28 years [1]
Louis Armstrong Center
2023 Louis Armstrong House Museum opens new archive facility, the Louis Armstrong Center, in Queens, NYC
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