Cabrillo Lands at Catalina Island
1542 Explorer Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, on a voyage for Spain, is the first European to discover Catalina Island off the coast of California
Siege of Breda
1637 Prince of Orange Frederick Henry occupies Breda during the Eighty Years’ War
Proclamation of 1763
1763 George III of Great Britain issues the Proclamation of 1763, closing lands in North America north and west of the Alleghenies to white settlement
- 1765 Stamp Act Congress (First Congress of the American Colonies) convenes in New York City to devise a unified protest against new British taxation
- 1777 Americans defeat British in Second Battle of Saratoga and Battle of Bemis Heights
- 1780 The British are defeated by American militia near Kings Mountain, North Carolina
- 1806 Carbon paper patented in London by inventor Ralph Wedgwood
- 1816 First double-decked steamboat, Washington, arrives in New Orleans
- 1825 Miramichi Fire: A forest fire disaster in New Brunswick destroys Douglastown and Newcastle, killing 200 to 500 people
- 1826 Granite Railway, the first chartered railway in the US, begins operations
- 1828 The Greek city of Patras is liberated by the French expeditionary force in Peloponnese under General Maison
- 1830 The Black Line begins as a levee of colonists in Tasmania, Australia, attempts to round up Aborigines onto the Tasman Peninsula [1]
- 1840 Willem I resigns as king of the Netherlands
- 1856 Cyrus Chambers Jr. patents a folding machine that folds books and newspapers
- 1864 Battle of Darbytown Road, Virginia (until October 13)
- 1864 Naval engagement at Bahia Harbor, Brazil: CSS Florida vs. USS Wachusett
- 1868 Cornell University opens in Ithaca, New York
- 1870 Léon Gambetta flees Paris in a balloon during the Franco-Prussian War
- 1871 16-hour fire injures 30 of Chicago’s 185 firefighters
- 1879 Germany and Austria-Hungary sign the Dual Alliance
- 1886 Spain abolishes slavery in Cuba
- 1900 The term “orienteering” is first used for an event
- 1904 New York Highlanders beat Boston Americans 3-2 at Hilltop Park, NYC, for pitcher Jack Chesbro‘s MLB record 41st win of the season (41-12)
- 1908 Crete revolts against Turkey and aligns with Greece
- 1908 Serbia and Montenegro sign an anti-Austria-Hungarian pact
- 1909 British Security Service, commonly known as MI5 (Military Intelligence, Section 5), is formed as part of the Secret Service Bureau
- 1912 The Helsinki Stock Exchange sees its first transaction
Edith Cavell Sentenced
1915 English nurse Edith Cavell is sentenced to death along with 34 others by a German court-martial for running an underground network to free Allied soldiers
Biggest Ever College Football Defeat
1916 Georgia Tech, coached by John Heisman, defeats Cumberland 222-0, achieving the most lopsided score in the history of US college football
- 1916 The German submarine U-53 arrives off Newport, Rhode Island, and sinks 9 British merchant ships in international waters
- 1919 KLM (Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij), Royal Dutch Airlines, is founded in Amsterdam, making it one of the world’s oldest airlines
- 1922 Former mayor of Rotterdam, Zimmerman, becomes High Commissioner of Austria
- 1923 Yankees’ Everett Scott runs his consecutive-game streak to 1,138
- 1924 Greek government of Dikalekopoulos forms
- 1926 Actress Theo Mann-Master resigns from the stage
- 1926 Italian Grand Council of Fascism forms
World Record 10 Mile
1928 Paavo Nurmi runs a world record 10 miles (50:15.0)
- 1928 Ras Tafari Makonnen crowned King of Abyssinia
MacDonald Addresses Congress
1929 Ramsay MacDonald is first British Prime Minister to address US Congress
- 1931 First infrared photograph in Rochester, New York
- 1936 The 7th-place Brooklyn Dodgers fire manager Casey Stengel
- 1937 Johan Wagenaar’s “Feestmars” premieres in Amsterdam
- 1938 Germany requires all Jewish passports to be stamped with the letter J
- 1940 World War II: The McCollum memo proposes bringing the U.S. into the war in Europe by provoking Japan to attack the United States
- 1941 German army occupies Vyazma, USSR
- 1942 Last camouflaged German raider Komet leaves Vlissingen (Netherlands)
- 1942 One salvo of Katyusha rockets destroys a Nazi battalion in Stalingrad
- 1942 The US and UK governments announce the establishment of the United Nations
- 1943 Weill, Perelman, and Nash’s musical “One Touch of Venus” premieres in New York City
- 1944 Allies bomb sea dikes at Vlissingen
Rommel Ordered to Berlin
1944 Field Marshal Erwin Rommel is ordered to return to Berlin
- 1945 Dutch author A. M. de Jong’s murderer, Ton van Gog, escapes
- 1949 German Democratic Republic is formed from the Russian occupation zone (National Day) Wilhelm Pieck becomes the first president, Otto Grotewohl the first premier
- 1950 US forces invade North Korea by crossing 38th parallel
- 1950 Walter Bedell Smith replaces Roscoe H. Hillenkoetter as the fourth CIA head
- 1950 William H. Jackson becomes deputy director of the CIA
American Bandstand
1952 First “Bandstand” broadcasts in Philadelphia on WFIL-TV (Dick Clark joins in 1955 as a substitute host)
St. Louis Browns Move to Baltimore
1953 Bill Veeck tells St. Louis Browns stockholders he faces bankruptcy unless they drop their suit to block his move to Baltimore; they comply
- 1954 Hassan el Hodeiby, leader of the Muslim Brotherhood, is arrested in Egypt
- 1955 Aircraft carrier USS Saratoga is launched in Brooklyn
Howl
1955 Beat poet Allen Ginsberg reads his poem “Howl” for the first time at a poetry reading in San Francisco
Pillow Talk
1959 “Pillow Talk,” a film directed by Michael Gordon and starring Doris Day and Rock Hudson, is first released
1959 Far side of the Moon is seen for the first time courtesy of the USSR’s Luna 3 space probe
- 1960 TV series “Route 66” premieres on CBS
- 1962 USSR performs a nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya, USSR
- 1963 Bobby Baker resigns as Senate Democratic secretary
- 1963 Hurricane Flora hits Haiti and the Dominican Republic, killing 7,190
- 1963 John F. Kennedy signs the ratification for the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
I Wanna Be Your Man
1963 The Rolling Stones record the Lennon-McCartney song “I Wanna Be Your Man” at Kingsway Sound Studio in London
- 1964 The Beatles appear on an episode of “Shindig” (ABC-TV) in the US
- 1965 A 50 mph (80 km/h) gust helps Robert Mitera ace the 447-yard 10th hole at Miracle Hills, Omaha, Nebraska, to score the world’s longest straight hole-in-one
- 1965 Charles Linster performs 6,006 consecutive push-ups
- 1966 Rolling Stones record four songs for their first live LP “Got Live If You Want It!” at a concert at Colston Hall in Bristol
- 1967 Beatles turn down $1 million offer by Sid Bernstein for a return performance at Shea Stadium in New York City
- 1967 Rolf Hochhuth’s play “Soldaten” premieres in West Berlin
- 1968 Motion Picture Association of America adopts a film rating system
- 1968 Rioting continues in Derry, Northern Ireland, after the Royal Ulster Constabulary suppresses a civil rights march two days earlier
- 1969 WJMN TV channel 3 in Escanaba, MI (ABC/NBC) begins broadcasting
The French Connection
1971 “The French Connection,” directed by William Friedkin and starring Gene Hackman, Roy Scheider, and Fernando Rey, premieres in the US (Academy Awards Best Picture 1972)
Northern Irish and UK Leaders Meet
1971 Northern Ireland Prime Minister Brian Faulkner meets with British Prime Minister Edward Heath, and they agree to send an additional 1,500 British Army troops to Northern Ireland
- 1971 Terence McNally’s play “Where Has Tommy Flowers Gone?” premieres in New York City
- 1972 The first New York Islanders NHL game takes place at Nassau Coliseum; the Calgary Flames win 3-2
- 1973 Iraq nationalizes Exxon and Mobil shares in the Basrah Petroleum Company, representing 23.75% equity in the company
1973 Scotsman Jackie Stewart wins his third Formula 1 World Drivers’ Championship despite withdrawing from the season-ending US Grand Prix at Watkins Glen; wins the title by 16 points from Emerson Fittipaldi
- 1974 German Democratic Republic amends constitution
Lennon Not Deported
1975 US decides John Lennon won’t be deported to the UK for his pot conviction
Guofeng Succeeds Mao
1976 Hua Guofeng officially succeeds Mao Zedong as Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
- 1977 Guitarist Steve Hackett quits the progressive rock band Genesis
- 1977 USSR adopts the fourth Soviet Constitution
- 1978 LA Dodgers win the pennant
- 1978 USSR performs a nuclear test
- 1979 Cleveland Browns’ Dino Hall sets a club record with 9 kickoff returns
- 1979 Ferrari driver Jody Scheckter retires with tire trouble in the US Grand Prix at Watkins Glen; becomes the first South African to claim the Formula 1 World Drivers’ Championship; wins by 4 points from race winner Gilles Villeneuve
- 1979 Frank Mahovlich formally retires from the NHL after a failed comeback attempt with the Detroit Red Wings
- 1979 USSR performs an underground nuclear test
- 1980 Belgium’s third government of Martens resigns
- 1981 In the first Eastern Division Championship, the Yankees beat the Brewers 5-3
- 1982 Musical “Cats” opens at Winter Garden Theatre on Broadway, New York City, and runs for nearly 18 years, winning seven Tony Awards and a Grammy
- 1984 Striking umpires return for Game 5 of the NLCS, and the San Diego Padres win the pennant
- 1984 Walter Payton passes Jim Brown as the NFL’s career rushing leader
- 1985 21st NASA Space Shuttle Mission (51-J): Atlantis 1 lands at Edwards AFB
- 1985 KHQ-AM in Spokane, Washington, broadcasts its final transmission
- 1985 Lynette Woodard is chosen as the first woman in the Harlem Globetrotters
- 1985 PLO terrorists seize the Italian cruise liner Achille Lauro
- 1986 First edition of new British newspaper “The Independent” is published
- 1986 Steve Yzerman is named captain of the Detroit Red Wings, a title he holds for over 1,300 games
- 1988 Jim Fregosi is fired as manager of the White Sox
- 1988 Latvian flag is raised in Riga for the first time since annexation by the USSR
- 1988 Lou Piniella is fired as manager of the Yankees for the second time
- 1988 WNBC 660 final transmission. WFAN moves from 1050 to 660, and WUKQ begins on 1050 at 5:30 pm (NYC radio)
- 1989 MLB Oakland A’s outfielder Rickey Henderson steals a record 8 bases in a playoff series (5 games) against the Toronto Blue Jays
- 1990 Israel begins distributing gas masks to its citizens
- 1991 Child star Adam Rich (Eight Is Enough) is arrested for stealing hypodermics
Anita Hill Accuses Clarence Thomas
1991 Law professor Anita Hill accuses Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas of making sexually inappropriate comments
Nobel Prize in Literature
1993 Nobel Prize in Literature is awarded to American writer Toni Morrison
- 1994 China performs nuclear test at Lop Nor, People’s Republic of China
- 1994 Faud Guliyev is appointed premier of Azerbaijan
- 1994 Ingvar Carlsson forms Swedish government
- 1994 Lu Bin swims the women’s 200 m medley world record (2:11.57)
- 1995 Boston’s Fleet Center opens, and the NY Islanders and Boston Bruins tie at 4-4
- 1995 Mariners rally from 5-0 to force Game 5 of Division Series against Yankees
- 2000 The last competitive soccer match at Wembley Stadium sees England defeated 1-0 by Germany, with the only goal scored by Liverpool’s Dietmar Hamann. The match is Tony Adams’ 60th at Wembley, setting the record for most appearances at the stadium
- 2001 Crude oil resumes flowing through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline after workers weld shut a bullet hole that causes 260,000 US gallons of oil to spill out
- 2001 US invasion of Afghanistan begins with an air assault and covert ground operations
Governor Schwarzenegger
2003 California holds a gubernatorial recall election; Governor Gray Davis loses, and actor Arnold Schwarzenegger becomes governor
Politkovskaya Killed
2006 Novaya Gazeta Russian journalist Anna Politkovskaya is shot and killed outside her apartment in Moscow
- 2008 Music, podcast, and video streaming service Spotify is launched by Daniel Ek and Martin Lorentzon
Carl Jung’s Red Book
2009 A digital version of psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung‘s ‘Red Book’ is published 48 years after his death and contains personal notes on his subconscious during the period when he develops his principal theories
Nobel Prize in Literature
2010 Peruvian author Mario Vargas Llosa is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature “for his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual’s resistance, revolt, and defeat” [1]
- 2012 ICC Men’s Cricket T20 World Cup, Colombo: West Indies defeat Sri Lanka by 36 runs to win their first title; Player of the Series is Australian all-rounder Shane Watson (249 runs, 11 wickets)
- 2012 ICC Women’s Cricket T20 World Cup, Colombo: Jess Cameron’s 45 from 34 balls leads Australia to 142/4 as they beat England 138/9 to win by 4 runs and retain the World Cup
- 2012 New Orleans quarterback Drew Brees breaks Johnny Unitas’ NFL record for consecutive games with a touchdown pass (48) when he connects with Devery Henderson in the Saints’ 31-24 win over San Diego at the Superdome
- 2012 Sébastien Loeb wins the World Rally Championship for the ninth consecutive year
- 2012 Thirteen people are killed after a Sudanese military airplane crashes near Khartoum
- 2013 James Rothman, Randy Schekman, and Thomas C. Südhof win the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on transport systems in cells
- 2013 Mulatu Teshome becomes president of Ethiopia
- 2014 Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano, and Shuji Nakamura win the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics for inventing blue light emitting diodes
- 2014 Spanish nurse is diagnosed with Ebola, the first case outside West Africa
- 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry awarded to Tomas Lindahl (Sweden), Paul Modrich (US), and Aziz Sancar (Turkey) for work on DNA repair in cells
Obama Apologies to MSF
2015 US President Barack Obama apologizes to Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières) President and the President of Afghanistan for the bombing of a hospital in Kunduz
Nobel Peace Prize
2016 Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos wins the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to end the armed conflict with FARC
Access Hollywood Tape
2016 The Washington Post releases a videotape of Donald Trump boasting about groping and kissing women without consent to Billy Bush on a bus on their way to film an episode of “Access Hollywood”
- 2017 New Zealand clinches its 5th Rugby Championship with a 25-24 win over South Africa in Cape Town; All Blacks remain undefeated in 6 games
- 2017 Rapper Nelly is arrested for rape in Auburn, Washington
- 2018 China confirms it has detained Interpol chief Meng Hongwei, who resigns from his position after being reported missing
- 2018 Jodie Whittaker debuts in her first full episode as the 13th and first female Doctor Who on BBC television
- 2018 Limousine crash kills 20 people, including two pedestrians, in Schoharie, New York
- 2018 Romanian referendum to ban same-sex marriage fails with only 20.4% voting
- 2019 Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology awarded to Peter Ratcliffe, William Kaelin and Gregg Semenza for discovering how cells sense oxygen
- 2020 Hurricane Delta makes landfall on Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula with 100 mph winds as the 25th named storm of 2020
- 2020 Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology is awarded to Peter Ratcliffe, William Kaelin, and Gregg Semenza for discovering how cells sense oxygen
- 2020 Sci-fi and fantasy author N. K. Jemisin receives the MacArthur “Genius” Fellowship grant [1]
- 2021 Zanzibar-born writer Abdulrazak Gurnah is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature [1]
- 2022 Nobel Peace Prize is awarded jointly to Belarusian human rights advocate Ales Bialiatski, Russian human rights organization Memorial, and Ukrainian human rights organization Center for Civil Liberties [1]
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