Battle at Cibalae
314 Battle at Cibalae: Roman emperor in the west Constantine the Great defeats eastern Emperor Licinius at Cibalae (modern Croatia) date disputed
- 451 Council of Chalcedon (4th ecumenical council) opens, annuls acts of second Council of Ephesus, and adopts doctrine of Pope Leo’s Tome
- 876 Battle at Andernach: East Frankish king Louis the Younger heavily defeats the West Frankish king Charles the Bald
- 1075 Dmitar Zvonimir is crowned king of Croatia
- 1085 San Marcos ministry in Venice initiated
Treaty of Munich
1619 Duke of Bavaria Maximilian I and Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II sign the Treaty of Munich
Cádiz Expedition
1625 English Admiral George Villiers‘ fleet sails from Plymouth to Cadiz, Spain
- 1633 Massachusetts Bay Colony forms its first government
Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal
1645 First hospital in Montreal, Quebec, the Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, is founded by nurse Jeanne Mance
Cook Lands in NZ
1769 Captain James Cook lands in New Zealand for the first time near present-day Gisborne on the East Coast of the North Island. A misunderstanding, possibly over a ceremonial challenge, causes the English to shoot and kill Ngāti Oneone leader Te Maro. [1]
Continental Army Bars Blacks
1775 Officers decide to bar enslaved and free Black individuals from the Continental Army
Blake Enters Royal Academy
1779 English engraver and poet William Blake begins study at the Royal Academy, Old Somerset House, London
- 1818 Padded gloves designed by Jack Broughton are first used in a competitive boxing match between two unnamed English boxers at Aix-la-Chapelle in France
- 1822 First eruption of Galunggung in Java sends boiling sludge into the valley
- 1840 “Ke Kumukānāwai a me nā Kānāwai o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻĀina, Honolulu, 1840,” the first written Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom, is enacted by King Kamehameha III and Kuhina Nui (Prime Minister) Kekāuluohi
- 1840 First Hawaiian constitution proclaimed
- 1856 Second Opium War or Second Anglo-Chinese War begins with the Arrow Incident on the Pearl River
- 1860 Telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco opens
- 1862 Battle of Perryville, Kentucky: Confederate invasion halted
- 1865 Earthquake in Santa Cruz Mountains
- 1871 Forest fire destroys Peshtigo, Wisconsin, killing between 1,200 and 2,500 people, making it the deadliest wildfire in recorded history
1871 The Great Chicago Fire kills an estimated 300 people and destroys over 4 square miles (10 square km) of buildings and the original Emancipation Proclamation
- 1895 Ohio Valley Improvement Association forms
- 1898 First Canadian intercollegiate football game: McGill defeats Queen’s 3-2
- 1903 J.M. Synge’s play “In the Shadow of the Glen” premieres in Dublin
- 1904 Vanderbilt Cup, the first major trophy in American auto racing, is conducted on public roads in the Nassau County area of Long Island, NY; the inaugural winner is American driver George Heath in a Panhard
- 1906 Karl Nessler demonstrates the first “permanent wave” for hair in London
- 1908 Chicago Cubs beat NY Giants 4-2 in a playoff to win the NL pennant
- 1908 NY Giants set the season attendance record at 910,000 (broken in 1920)
- 1912 Montenegro declares war on Turkey, beginning the First Balkan War
- 1915 Battle of Loos ends as German forces contain the British attack, resulting in 85,000 casualties
Bolshevik Takeover
1917 Leon Trotsky is named chairman of the Petrograd Soviet as Bolsheviks gain control
1918 American soldier Alvin York single-handedly attacks a German gun nest, killing at least 25 and capturing 132 Germans
Labour Lose to Conservatives
1924 The British Labour government of Ramsay MacDonald falls to the Conservatives
1st Laurel and Hardy Film
1927 “The Second Hundred Years” silent short film is released, starring Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy, the first Laurel and Hardy film with them appearing as a team
- 1928 Joseph Szigeti debuts Alfredo Casella’s Violin Concerto
- 1929 Mohammed Nadir Khan occupies Kabul, Afghanistan, and drives out Habibullah Ghazi
- 1932 The Indian Air Force is established
- 1933 Coit Tower dedicated in San Francisco as a monument to firefighters
- 1933 Martinez Barrios forms new Spanish government
Capricorn Concerto
1944 Samuel Barber‘s “Capricorn Concerto” premieres at The Town Hall in New York City in a performance by Daniel Saidenberg and his Little Symphony
- 1945 The microwave oven is patented by US inventor Percy Spencer
- 1946 Military plane crashes at Christian HBS, killing 24
- 1950 Cleveland Browns play Pittsburgh for the first time and beat the Steelers 30-17
- 1952 112 people are killed in Britain’s worst peacetime rail crash at Harrow and Wealdstone, northwest of London
- 1952 Chinese offensive in Korea
Alabama Bars All-Stars
1953 Birmingham, Alabama, bars Jackie Robinson‘s Negro-White All-Stars from playing there. Robinson gives in and drops white players from his group.
- 1953 WTAP TV channel 15 in Parkersburg-Marietta, WV (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1955 World’s most powerful aircraft carrier, USS Saratoga, launched
- 1957 Brooklyn Dodgers announce move to Los Angeles
- 1957 Procter & Gamble director N. McElroy becomes US Secretary of Defense
- 1957 Soviet spy Jack Sobel is sentenced to 7 years in New York City
- 1957 Turkish and Syrian border guards exchange fire
- 1958 Dr. Ake Senning installs the first pacemaker in Stockholm
- 1958 KCMT TV channel 7 in Alexandria, MN (CBS/NBC/ABC) begins broadcasting
- 1958 US performs a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
Harold Macmillan Wins Election
1959 Conservatives, led by Harold Macmillan, win the British general election
- 1961 American Phil Hill’s Ferrari team does not participate in the season-ending US Grand Prix at Watkins Glen, having already clinched the World Drivers’ Championship; English driver Innes Ireland wins Lotus’s first Grand Prix
- 1961 USSR performs a nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya, USSR
- 1962 Algeria is admitted as the 109th member of the United Nations
- 1962 North Korea reports 100% election turnout, with miraculously, 100% voting for the Workers’ Party
- 1962 Spiegel scandal: Der Spiegel publishes the article “Bedingt abwehrbereit” (“Conditionally Prepared for Defense”) about a NATO maneuver called “Fallex 62,” uncovering the sorry state of the West German army. The magazine is soon accused of treason.
- 1963 Sultan of Zanzibar cedes his mainland possessions to Kenya
- 1964 Gilroy Roberts becomes the first US chief engraver to retire rather than die
- 1964 Ringo Starr finally passes his driver’s test; he failed the test in 1960 but continued to drive
- 1965 Muslims in Jakarta set fire to the PKI headquarters
- 1965 Post Office Tower opens in London, the tallest building in England
- 1965 USSR performs a nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeastern Kazakhstan
- 1966 Wyoming’s Jerry DePoyster kicks three field goals over 50 yards (54, 54, 52)
Che Guevara Captured
1967 Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his men are captured in Bolivia
- 1970 The Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) propose that a system of Proportional Representation (PR) should be used in elections in Northern Ireland
Imagine
1971 Apple Records releases John Lennon‘s second solo studio album “Imagine” in the UK, and it tops the charts in the US, UK, Australia, and three other countries
- 1971 US performs a nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1972 Despite retiring with suspension trouble at the US Grand Prix at Watkins Glen, Emerson Fittipaldi becomes the first Brazilian to win the Formula 1 World Drivers’ Championship, finishing 16 points ahead of Jackie Stewart
- 1972 Harold Carmichael begins NFL streak of 127 consecutive game receptions
- 1972 International music revue “From Israel with Love” closes its limited run at Palace Theater, New York City, after eight performances
- 1972 MLB Detroit Tigers pitcher Lerrin LaGrow and Oakland A’s shortstop Bert Campaneris are each fined and suspended when Campaneris flings his bat at the mound after getting hit by a pitch
- 1973 MLB NLCS Game 3 is interrupted by a brawl sparked by a fight between Cincinnati Reds’ Pete Rose and New York Mets’ Bud Harrelson at Shea Stadium in New York
- 1973 OPEC meets with oil companies to discuss revising the 1971 Tehran agreement and oil prices; negotiations fail
- 1973 Spyros Markezinis forms a government in Greece
- 1974 Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time, it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States
- 1975 San Antonio Spurs, then members of the ABA, defeat the NBA’s Atlanta Hawks 109-107 in the first basketball game played in the Louisiana Superdome
1978 Mario Andretti of America, driving a Lotus, finishes 10th in the season-ending Canadian Grand Prix at Île Notre-Dame Circuit but wins his first Formula 1 World Drivers’ Championship by 13 points over Ronnie Peterson
- 1978 Yankees win third consecutive AL Championship, all against Kansas City
- 1980 British Leyland starts selling the Mini Metro
- 1980 USSR and Syria sign a peace treaty
- 1980 USSR performs a nuclear test
My Favorite Year
1982 MGM releases comedy film “My Favorite Year,” directed by Richard Benjamin and starring Peter O’Toole, Mark Linn-Baker, Jessica Harper, and Joseph Bologna
- 1982 New Jersey Devils’ first NHL victory; they beat the New York Rangers 3-2 at Meadowlands
- 1982 Poland bans Solidarity and all labor unions
- 1983 Islanders win their first regular season overtime game against the Capitals 8-7
- 1983 Washington Capitals play their first NHL overtime game, losing to the NY Islanders 8-7
- 1984 NBC premieres the TV movie “The Burning Bed,” based on Francine Hughes
- 1985 “Rembrandt & Hitler or Me” premieres in Amsterdam
- 1985 Alain Boublil and Herbert Kretzmer’s musical “Les Misérables” premieres at the Barbican Centre in London
- 1985 Little Richard is seriously injured in a single car accident in Los Angeles
- 1986 Mike Scott ties the playoff record with 14 strikeouts and beats the Mets 1-0
- 1986 Run-DMC calls for a day of peace among L.A. street gangs
The Dark Side of the Moon
1988 Finishing a 741-week stay, Pink Floyd‘s album “The Dark Side of the Moon” makes its final appearance (of its initial run) on the Billboard 200 Albums chart
- 1988 Fire in the Space Needle causes evacuation and results in damages of $2,000 in Seattle, Washington
- 1988 Jay Howell is ejected in NLCS Game 3 for having pine tar on his glove
- 1990 Israeli police kill 17 Palestinian protesters
- 1990 US doctors Joseph E. Murray and E. Donnall Thomas win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for bone marrow transplantation to treat cancer and blood diseases
Croatia Cuts Ties to Yugoslavia
1991 Croatian Parliament cuts all remaining ties with Yugoslavia
- 1991 Discovery of an African-American cemetery in Manhattan is announced as the largest and earliest burial ground of free and enslaved Africans in America, later becoming a National Monument [1]
- 1992 Ottawa Senators’ first NHL game
- 1992 Pioneer Venus Orbiter (first Venus orbiter, 1978) crashes into Venus
- 1992 Video game Mortal Kombat is first released as a 2D fighting game by Midway Games
- 1992 West Indies’ poet Derek Walcott wins the Nobel Prize in literature
- 1993 Howard Stern releases his first book “Private Parts”
- 1993 UN lifts remaining economic sanctions against South Africa
- 1994 Aleta Sill wins the BPAA US Women’s Bowling Open
- 1995 Dolphins’ Dan Marino breaks Tarkenton’s NFL career completions record
- 1995 Edgar Martinez drives home the tying and winning runs to rally the Mariners to a 6-5 win in the bottom of the 11th, beating the Yankees to win the AL Division Series
Nobel Prize in Literature
1998 José Saramago is the first person from Portugal to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature
- 1998 Oslo’s Gardermoen Airport opens after the closure of Fornebu
1998 US House of Representatives votes to begin impeachment hearings against President Bill Clinton on charges of lying about his affair with Monica Lewinsky
- 1999 Beginning of a new era of the Coligny calendar, the oldest known material Celtic calendar
2000 German Ferrari driver Michael Schumacher wins the Japanese Grand Prix at Suzuka to clinch his third and first of five consecutive F1 World Drivers’ Championships
- 2000 Musical “Peter Pan,” starring Cathy Rigby and filmed before a live audience, premieres on A&E TV
- 2001 A twin-engine Cessna and a Scandinavian Airlines System McDonnell Douglas MD-87 collide in heavy fog during takeoff from Linate Airport in Milan, Italy, killing 118 people
Office of Homeland Security
2001 US President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security
Nobel Prize for Economics
2003 Clive Granger and Robert F. Engle are awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences “for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility (ARCH)”
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
2003 Peter Agre and Roderick MacKinnon win the 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes
Nobel Peace Prize
2004 Kenyan Wangari Maathai, founder of the Green Belt Movement, becomes the first African woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for “her contribution to sustainable development, democracy, and peace”
Martha Stewart Jailed
2004 Martha Stewart begins a 5-month incarceration at Federal Prison Camp, Alderson, for insider trading and obstruction of justice
- 2005 Magnitude 7.6 earthquake in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan, kills an estimated 86,000 people across Afghanistan, India, and Pakistan in the deadliest earthquake in South Asian history
- 2005 NHL great Wayne Gretzky gets his first win as a coach as the Phoenix Coyotes beat the Minnesota Wild 2-1 at Jobing.com Arena, Phoenix
- 2008 The Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology is awarded jointly to Harald zur Hausen for his work on the cause of cervical cancer and Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier for the discovery of HIV
- 2011 Irish professional darts player Brendan Dolan plays the first perfect 9-dart game on TV in a semi-final against James Wade at the PDC World Darts Championship in Dublin
- 2012 35 people are killed when a Nigerian military bomb strikes a convoy in Maiduguri
Hugo Chávez Re-elected
2012 Hugo Chávez is re-elected as president of Venezuela for a fourth term
Nobel Prize in Medicine
2012 John B. Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka win the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine for their work on reprogramming mature cells to become pluripotent
- 2012 Mustafa A.G. Abushagur, the first elected Libyan Prime Minister, is voted out of office by the Libyan Parliament
- 2013 Peter Higgs and François Englert win the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on the origin of the mass of subatomic particles
- 2014 Eric Betzig, Stefan Hell, and William Moerner win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy
- 2014 The Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra is awarded the third $1 million Birgit Nilsson Prize
- 2015 “Once Upon a Time in Shaolin” hip hop album by Wu-Tang is released as the most expensive piece of music, with just one physical two-CD copy auctioned for about $2 million [1]
- 2015 American actress and singer Selena Gomez reveals she has Lupus
- 2015 Belarusian journalist and author Svetlana Alexievich wins the Nobel Prize in Literature
- 2016 140 people are killed in an airstrike during a wake in Sanaa, Yemen
- 2016 New Zealand routs South Africa 57-14 in Durban to win their fourth Rugby Championship; undefeated All Blacks score nine tries to one, with two each from Israel Dagg, T. J. Perenara, and Beauden Barrett
- 2017 Wildfires ignite in Northern California wine country, killing at least 41 people over the following week and leading to the evacuation of 20,000 people
- 2018 Major climate report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for the UN says the planet will warm 2.7 degrees Fahrenheit (1.5 degrees Celsius) by 2040 with dire results
- 2018 New Orleans quarterback Drew Brees becomes the NFL’s all-time leader in passing yards, needing 201 yards to surpass Peyton Manning’s record. He achieves 363 yards and 3 touchdowns in the Saints’ 43-19 win against the Washington Redskins at the Superdome
- 2018 Nobel Prize in Economics is awarded to William Nordhaus for climate change and Paul Romer for endogenous growth theory
- 2018 Red Sox utility player Brock Holt becomes the first MLB player to hit for the cycle in a postseason game during Boston’s 16-1 Game 3 rout of the NY Yankees in the AL Division Series at Yankee Stadium
- 2019 FBI confirms Samuel Little is America’s most prolific serial killer after verifying more than half of his 93 confessed murders
- 2019 Montgomery, Alabama, home of the US civil rights movement, elects Steven Reed as its first Black mayor in 200 years
- 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded to James Peebles for his work on the evolution of the universe, and to Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz for the discovery of planet 51 Pegasi b orbiting another star
- 2020 American poet Louise Glück is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature
- 2020 FBI charges 13 men with plotting to kidnap Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer and storm the Michigan Capitol
Nobel Peace Prize
2021 Nobel Peace Prize is awarded to journalists Maria Ressa of the Philippines and Dmitry Muratov of Russia for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression [1]
Verstappen Wins 3rd F1 Title
2023 Dutch driver Max Verstappen scores his 14th win of the F1 season with a dominant victory in the Qatar Grand Prix at the Lusail Circuit and clinches his third consecutive Formula 1 title
- 2023 Israel formally declares war on Hamas as the death toll reaches approximately 1,100 on both sides, and Israel increases airstrikes on Gaza [1]
- 2023 South Australian cricket batsman Jake Fraser-McGurk breaks AB de Villiers’ 2015 record for the fastest century in a List A game, scoring a 29-ball hundred against Tasmania in Adelaide; he is out on 125 from 38 balls
Nobel Prize in Physics
2024 Noble Prize in Physics is awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton “for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks” [1]
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