- 455 Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed emperor of the Western Roman Empire
- 660 Battle of Hwangsanbeol: At Nonsan, China a 50,000 strong Silla force led by general Kim Yu-shin annihilate the army of Baekje and kill their leader general Gyebaek
- 695 18 Rabbit [Yax K’uk Mo’] ascends to the throne of the important Maya city state of Copán and reigns for 43 years
- 711 Berbers under Tarik-ibn Ziyad occupy North Spain
- 1357 Charles IV, Holy Roman emperor, assists laying the foundation stone of Charles Bridge in Prague
- 1371 Pope Gregory XI names Arnold II of Horne as bishop of Utrecht
- 1386 Battle at Sempach: Swiss beat Duke Leopold III of Austria
- 1517 Gelderse crowd robber murders population of Asperen
Cartier Returns to France
1536 French navigator Jacques Cartier returns to Saint-Malo, France, from his exploration of what is now Canada
- 1541 Estevão da Gama departs Massawa, leaving behind 400 matchlock men and 150 slaves under his brother Christovão da Gama, with orders to help the Emperor of Ethiopia defeat Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi who has invaded his Empire
- 1553 Battle at Sievershausen: Saxons-Brunwick alliance led by Elector Maurice defeat forces of Margrave Albert Alcibiades of Brandenburg-Bayreuth in a bloody battle that kills 4,000
- 1572 Death of the Gorcum Martyrs: Calvinist militant force the Watergeuzen (the Sea Beggars) capture and hang 19 Catholic priests in Brielle
- 1609 Emperor Rudolf II grants Bohemian protestants freedom of religion
William III Appointed Stadholder
1672 William III takes the oath of stadholder of the States of Holland
- 1686 Germany, Sweden, and Spain sign anti-French League of Augsburg
HMS Lion Battles the French
1745 French ships carrying Bonnie Prince Charlie to Scotland, the Du Teillay and the Elizabeth, battle HMS Lion, eventually escaping with 107 killed on both sides [1]
1776 US Declaration of Independence is read to George Washington’s troops in New York
Second Battle of Svensksund
1790 King Gustav III leads Swedish Naval forces to victory over the Russian Baltic fleet during the Second Battle of Svensksund, destroying or capturing one-third of the Russian ships and bringing an end to the Russo-Swedish War
1807 Second Treaty of Tilsit signed by France, Russia, and Prussia
PM Talleyrand
1815 Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord takes office as the first Prime Minister of France
- 1846 Captain John B. Montgomery claims Yerba Buena (San Francisco) for US
- 1846 The territory of the District of Columbia south of the Potomac River (39 mi² or about 100 km²) is returned to Virginia through an Act of Congress
- 1852 Fire destroys 1,100 construction sites in Montreal, Canada
- 1853 Commodore Matthew Perry and four US Navy vessels visit Japan to force them to open up to American trade and end their policy of isolation
- 1860 Temperature hits 115°F in Fort Scott and 112°F in Topeka, Kansas
- 1863 Confederate General John Hunt Morgan begins “Morgan’s Raid”, his cavalry raid into Indiana by leading 2,100 men across the Ohio river
- 1863 US Union troops enter Port Hudson, Louisiana, gaining control of the Mississippi River
- 1864 Battle of Monocacy, Maryland, Confederate forces led by Lieutenant General Jubal Early
- 1864 The first British train murder: bank clerk Thomas Briggs is robbed and killed by German tailor Franz Muller on the North London Railway. Muller is later chased to NY, tried, and executed. [1]
Expedition to Lake Nyassa
1867 An unsuccessful expedition led by E.D Young sets out to search for Dr David Livingstone (Scottish missionary and explorer)
- 1868 Francis L. Cardozo becomes the first African American cabinet member in South Carolina as Secretary of State
- 1868 Louisiana and South Carolina are the last states to ratify the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution, guaranteeing civil rights
- 1872 Donut cutter patents granted to John Blondel, Thomaston, Maine
1877 First Wimbledon tennis championship – first official lawn tennis tournament – begins featuring men’s singles only
- 1878 American inventor Henry Tibbe patents an improved corncob pipe design
First Open-Heart Surgery
1893 Surgeon Daniel Hale Williams performs the first successful open-heart surgery when he repairs the torn pericardium of knife wound patient James Cornish, without the use of penicillin or blood transfusion [1]
- 1900 The Commonwealth of Australia is established by the British House of Commons
- 1908 CHU (Christian Historic Union) Dutch political party forms
- 1910 Walter Brookins, flying a Wright biplane over Atlantic City, New Jersey, becomes first to fly an airplane to an altitude of 1 mile (actually reaching 6,175 feet or 1.169 miles) [1]
1917 British battleship HMS Vanguard explodes at Scapa Flow due to an internal explosion caused by faulty cordite, killing 804 crew members
- 1918 101 killed and 171 injured in worst US train wreck in Nashville, Tennessee
- 1918 US Congress creates Distinguished Service Medal (not to be confused with other countries’ decorations of the same name)
Chiang Kai-shek Takes Charge
1926 Chiang Kai-shek appointed to national-revolutionary supreme commander in China
- 1926 Coup under General Sinel de Cordes in Portugal
- 1927 William T. Francis named US minister to Liberia
- 1932 The state of São Paulo revolts against the Brazilian federal government, starting the Constitutionalist Revolution
- 1932 Washington Redskins (then Boston Braves) formed
- 1932 Yankees’ Ben Chapman hits two inside-the-park home runs, tying the record
- 1933 Philadelphia-based NFL team Frankford Yellow Jackets is sold and rebranded as Philadelphia Eagles
- 1939 A meeting of 6,000 Indians, held at the Indian Sports Ground in Johannesburg, South Africa, launches the Passive Resistance Campaign against apartheid and racial policy in South Africa
- 1940 German Evangelist Church protests against euthanasia pogroms
- 1941 Dutch-American Physicist Abraham Pais is awarded his Ph.D in the Netherlands five days before a Nazi deadline banning Jews from receiving degrees
- 1943 British air raid sinks U-435
- 1943 Fifth day of Battle of Kursk, USSR: Operation Citadel – Germans occupy Verkhopenye
- 1944 In World War II, US troops secure Saipan as Japan falls
- 1944 U-740 is sunk by depth charges from a British Liberator aircraft
Baseball History
1948 Satchel Paige, 42, debuts in majors, pitching two scoreless innings for Cleveland in St. Louis
- 1950 13.15 inches (33.40 cm) of rainfall in York, Nebraska (state 24-hour record)
Truman Asks to End State of War
1951 US President Harry Truman asks Congress to formally end state of war with Germany
- 1953 First helicopter passenger service in New York City
- 1953 Phillies Robin Roberts ends streak of 28 consecutive complete games
Rock Around the Clock
1955 Bill Haley & His Comets’ “Rock Around the Clock” tops the Billboard chart as one of the best-selling singles ever
- 1955 E. Frederic Morrow is the first African American executive on US White House staff
- 1955 Strike in Belgium for five-day workweek
Russell-Einstein Manifesto
1955 The Russell-Einstein Manifesto is released by Bertrand Russell in London on the need to avoid nuclear war
Clark Hosts Bandstand
1956 Dick Clark‘s first appearance as host of American Bandstand
Nobelium
1957 Discovery of element 102 (Nobelium) announced by an international team at Nobel Institute of Physics in Stockholm, named after Alfred Nobel
Andy Warhol Exhibition
1962 Andy Warhol‘s first West Coast gallery exhibition in the Ferus Gallery of Los Angeles
- 1962 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Johnston Island
- 1963 Crusher Lisowski defeats Verne Gagne in Minneapolis to become NWA champion
- 1965 John Edrich completes 310* in a cricket Test match against New Zealand in 532 minutes, hitting 52 fours and 5 sixes
- 1965 Senators’ Frank Howard ties record with seven strikeouts in a doubleheader
- 1967 WRET TV channel 36 in Charlotte, North Carolina (NBC/CBS) begins broadcasting
- 1968 15.68 inches (39.83 cm) of rainfall in Columbus, Mississippi (state 24-hour record)
- 1968 BBC-TV broadcasts “Farewell,” folk-rock band The Seekers’ final performance, drawing 10 million viewers
Sports History
1968 Wilt Chamberlain becomes the first reigning NBA MVP to be traded the next season when he moves from Philadelphia 76’ers to LA Lakers
Sports History
1969 Tom Seaver‘s no-hit bid against the Cubs ends with one out in the ninth inning
- 1970 In Atlanta, Chief-No-ka-homa is joined by cousin Chief Round-the-Horn
Kissinger Visits China
1971 National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger secretly visits the People’s Republic of China to negotiate a detente between the US and China
- 1972 Springhill massacre: British snipers shoot dead five Catholic civilians and wound two others in Springhill, Belfast
- 1972 The ceasefire between the Provisional IRA and the British Army comes to an end
- 1972 USSR performs underground nuclear test
- 1973 Ninth Maccabiah Games open in Tel Aviv, Israel
Canadian Federal Election
1974 Pierre Trudeau‘s Liberal Party wins Canadian parliamentary election
- 1975 The National Assembly of Senegal passes a law that paves way for a (albeit highly restricted) multi-party system
- 1976 England all out for 71 against West Indies at Old Trafford, with Holding taking 5 wickets for 17 runs in 14 overs
- 1976 Houston Astro Larry Dierker no-hits Montreal Expos, 6-0
- 1976 Uganda asks UN to condemn Israeli hostage rescue raid on Entebbe, but it does not
- 1978 American Nazi Party holds a rally at Marquette Park, Chicago
- 1978 Nearly 100,000 demonstrators march on Washington, D.C. for ERA
- 1979 A car bomb destroys a Renault owned by famed “Nazi hunters” Serge and Beate Klarsfeld at their home in France. A note purportedly from ODESSA claims responsibility.
- 1979 Dr Walter Massey named director of Argonne National Laboratory
1979 Voyager 2 flies past Jupiter
Trial of Interest
1980 Dutch war criminal Pieter Menten sentenced to 10 years in prison
Catholic History
1980 Seven people die in a stampede to see Pope John Paul II in Brazil
- 1981 Jacksons begin a 36-city tour
Donkey Kong Released
1981 Nintendo releases arcade game “Donkey Kong,” created by Shigeru Miyamoto, in Japan (July 31 in the US)
- 1982 Botham scores 208 in 225 balls in the England vs. India match at The Oval
- 1982 Michael Fagan breaks into Buckingham Palace and enters the Queen’s bedroom in Buckingham Palace, London
- 1982 Pan Am Boeing 727 crashes in a storm in Kenner, Louisiana, shortly after take-off, killing 153
- 1984 12th-century York Minster damaged in lightning storm
Griselda Blanco Convicted in NY
1985 Colombian drug trafficker Griselda Blanco convicted in New York of manufacturing, smuggling, and distributing cocaine and sentenced to 15 years [1]
- 1985 South African police arrest Dutch ANC member Klaas de Jong
Dale Murphy Streak Ends
1986 Atlanta’s Dale Murphy doesn’t play, ending his consecutive streak at 740
- 1986 Attorney General’s Commission on pornography links hard-core porn to sex crimes
The Bridge
1986 Columbia Records releases “The Bridge,” singer-songwriter Billy Joel‘s 10th studio album
- 1986 Padres trade pitcher Tim Stoddard to Yankees for pitcher Ed Whitson
- 1986 The New Zealand parliament passes the Homosexual Law Reform Bill legalising consensual sex between men aged 16 and older
Event of Interest
1987 Colonel Oliver North admits to shredding Iran-Contra evidence
- 1987 One million South Koreans demonstrate against Chun Doo Hwan regime
- 1988 Chris Speier hits for the cycle, and Ernest Riles hits the 10,000th home run for the Giants
Sports History
1988 Nolan Ryan becomes the seventh player to win 100 games with two teams as the Astros beat the Mets 6-3
Film & TV History
1992 Kim Basinger gets 1,959th star on Hollywood’s Walk of Fame
- 1992 Space Shuttle STS 50 (Columbia 13) lands
- 1994 11,000th home run in New York Yankees history (Matt Nokes)
- 1994 Russian spacecraft Soyuz TM-18 lands after successful trip to Mir spacestation
- 1994 Sonia O’Sullivan runs a 2000 m world record in 5:25.36
Event of Interest
1995 Former South African President F. W. de Klerk is accused of knowing about and condoning a “dirty tricks” campaign waged against the ANC between 1990 and the 1994 election in a bid to destabilize the organization
Music Concert
1995 Jerry Garcia‘s unexpected final concert with The Grateful Dead takes place at Soldier Field, Chicago, Illinois
- 1995 US international postage rates rise to 60 cents per ounce
Blue
1996 “Blue” debut album by LeAnn Rimes is released (Billboard Album of the Year, 1997)
- 1996 US Senate approves 90 cent raise to $4.25 minimum wage
- 1997 Baseball’s Triple-A American Association (formed in 1902) votes to disband
American Pie
1999 Coming of age film “American Pie” is released, directed by Paul Weitz, starring Jason Biggs, Eugene Levy, and an ensemble cast
- 1999 Days of student protests begin after Iranian police and hardliners attack a student dormitory at the University of Tehran
- 2000 Police fire tear gas at fans during a World Cup qualifying soccer game between Zimbabwe and South Africa, setting off a stampede that kills 12 people in Harare, Zimbabwe
The Office
2001 The mockumentary “The Office,” created by Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant and starring Ricky Gervais and Martin Freeman, premieres on BBC Two in the UK
African Union Established
2002 The African Union is established in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The first chairman is Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa.
- 2006 At least 122 people killed after a Sibir Airlines Airbus A310 passenger jet carrying 200 passengers veers off the runway while landing at Irkutsk Airport in Siberia in wet conditions
- 2006 FIFA World Cup Final, Olympiastadion, Berlin, Germany: Italy beats France, 5-3 on penalties; 1-1 after extra time
- 2011 South Sudan gains independence and secedes from Sudan.
- 2011 Super Rugby Final, Suncorp Stadium, Brisbane: Queensland Reds beat Canterbury Crusaders 18-13 at home for their first Super Rugby title
Sports History
2013 Adam Ondra onsights Cabane au Canada in Switzerland, the second-ever onsight of a 9a (5.14d) route
Widodo Elected President
2014 Joko Widodo is elected President of Indonesia
- 2014 Spokesperson for Medical Aid for Palestinians claims that at least seven children have been killed by Israeli air strikes
- 2014 Typhoon Rammasun, one of only three known Category Five Super Typhoons, forms in the South China Sea and goes on to kill 151 people
- 2015 Chuck Blazer receives a lifetime ban from FIFA and all football related activity due to corruption
Rooney Rejoins Everton
2017 English international footballer Wayne Rooney announces he will leave Manchester United after 13 years to rejoin his original club, Everton
- 2017 Hundreds of thousands protest against the Turkish government at a rally in Istanbul, Turkey
Battle of Mosul Ends
2017 Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi proclaims victory over Islamic State forces in Mosul
- 2017 Thai amateur Atthaya Thitikul becomes youngest winner in a female professional golf event at 14 years, 4 months, and 19 days at Ladies European Thailand Championship
- 2018 Bright pink is the world’s oldest biological color according to scientists, produced by tiny cyanobacteria in 1.1 bn-year-old marine shale rock from Taoudeni Basin, Mauritania
Ethiopia and Eritrea Declare End of War
2018 Eritrean President Isaias Afewerki and Ethiopia’s Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed officially end the “no war, no peace” peace deal made in 2000 in Eritrea’s capital, Asmara
- 2018 Four more boys are rescued from Tham Luang Nang Non cave, Thailand, after being trapped there with eight others and their coach for 17 days by monsoon flooding (four boys and their coach remain)
- 2018 Hedge fund billionaire David Tepper buys Carolina Panthers for an NFL record $2.275 billion
Boris Johnson Resigns
2018 Jeremy Hunt is appointed UK Foreign Secretary after Boris Johnson resigns in protest after Theresa May takes a softer Brexit stance
- 2018 Train derailment kills 24 in the Turkish province of Tekirdag
- 2018 US coffee company Starbucks announces it will stop using plastic straws by 2020, reducing use of more than 1 billion straws a year
- 2019 Indian restaurateur “Dosa King” P. Rajagopal finally begins his life sentence for organizing a murder 15 years after he was convicted
- 2019 Northern Ireland MPs vote to extend same-sex marriage and make abortion legal to bring it in line with rest of UK
- 2020 McGirt v. Oklahoma, in landmark case, US Supreme Court rules that Congress has not disestablished Oklahoma Indian reserves
- 2021 Death Valley, California, hits a temperature of 130 degrees F (54.4 C), one of the highest temperatures ever recorded on earth [1]
- 2021 June 2021 is declared the hottest June ever recorded in the US in 127 years, with an average temperature of 72.6 degrees F (4.2 degrees above average) [1]
- 2022 Russian airstrike on a residential building in Chasiv Yar, eastern Ukraine, kills at least 47
- 2022 Thousands of Sri Lankan protesters storm the Presidential Palace and set the Prime Minister’s house on fire in Colombo, leading to promises that both leaders will resign amid continuing economic turmoil [1]
US-China Talks
2023 US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen and Chinese economic leaders end 2 days of talks in Beijing, aimed at stabilizing relations between the world’s two biggest economies [1]
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