- 701 St Sergius I reign as Catholic Pope ends
1000 Battle of Svolder, Baltic Sea: King Olaf on board the Long Serpent is defeated in one of the greatest naval battles of the Viking Age and leaps to his death overboard
- 1553 The Roman Inquisition burns all copies of the Talmud and other Jewish texts in Rome’s Campo de Fiori
- 1567 Dutch leaders Lamoraal, Count of Egmont, and Philip van Hoorne are arrested by the Spanish Duke of Alba; their execution in 1568 leads to the Eighty Years’ War
- 1570 Cypriot city of Nicosia falls to the Ottomans; afterward, an estimated 20,000 citizens are massacred, and the rest are sold into slavery
- 1583 Sinking of the English ship Squirrel off the Azores with explorer and founder of Newfoundland, Humphrey Gilbert, aboard
- 1591 Battle of Flores, Azores: Spanish defeat English (ends September 10)
- 1675 New England colonies declare war on Wampanoag Indians
- 1683 Expelled Polish and Lotharingians reach Wienerwald
- 1739 Stono slave rebellion, South Carolina: 60 enslaved people kill about 20 white people before being killed or later executed. Largest slave uprising in British mainland colonies before American Revolution [1]
- 1753 First steam engine arrives in North American colonies
- 1767 Colegio de San Ignacio de Loyola Vizcaínas, the oldest continuously operating educational institution in Mexico, opens for the education of girls and women in Mexico City [1]
- 1776 Congress officially renames the country as the United States of America (from the United Colonies)
- 1817 Alexander Twilight, likely the first African American to graduate from a US college, receives a BA degree from Middlebury College
- 1830 Charles Durant, the first US aeronaut, flies a balloon from Castle Garden, NYC, to Perth Amboy, NJ, covering a distance of about 25 miles in 3 hours
Emerson’s Nature
1836 Ralph Waldo Emerson publishes his influential essay “Nature” in the US, outlining his beliefs in transcendentalism
1st Glass Plate Photo
1839 English scientist and astronomer John Herschel takes the first glass plate photograph
- 1841 Great Lakes steamer “Erie” sinks off Silver Creek, NY, killing 300
- 1841 Tom Hyer beats George McChester in 101 rounds (2 hours and 55 minutes) at Caldwell’s Landing, NY, to become the first American heavyweight boxing champion
- 1850 California is admitted as the thirty-first state of the Union
- 1850 Territories of New Mexico and Utah created
- 1861 Nurse Sally Tompkins is officially commissioned as an officer (and its only female officer) by the Confederate States Army
Lee Splits his Army
1862 Robert E. Lee splits his army and sends Jackson to capture Harpers Ferry
- 1863 Battle of Cumberland Gap, Tennessee
- 1867 Luxembourg gains its independence
- 1875 Lotta’s Fountain (corner Kearny and Market) is dedicated in San Francisco
- 1880 President Rutherford B. Hayes visits San Francisco
- 1881 Egyptian military coup under Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser
- 1886 The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works is finalized
1888 Easter Island/Rapa Nui in the Pacific is annexed by Chile
- 1892 Edward Emerson Barnard at Lick Observatory discovers Amalthea, Jupiter’s fifth moon
- 1892 Manifesto of the Queensland Labour Party to the people of Queensland is issued, detailing grievances of the working class towards the ruling class, a pivotal document in Australian labor and political history [1]
- 1895 American Bowling Congress forms in New York City
- 1898 Ottawa Football Club reorganizes into the Rough Riders
1st One Hour Flight
1908 Orville Wright makes the first hour-long airplane flight, lasting 62 minutes and 15 seconds at Fort Myer, Virginia
Johnson vs. Kaufman
1909 Jack Johnson retains his heavyweight boxing title when he fights Al Kaufman to a no decision in 10 rounds at Coffroth’s Arena in San Francisco, California
- 1911 First European post delivered by air from Hendon to Windsor, England
- 1912 French aviator Jules Védrines is the first pilot to fly an aircraft over 100 mph (108.16 mph/173 kph)
- 1913 Imperial Russian Air Service pilot Lt. Pyotr Nesterov (26) performs a full aerial loop in his Nieuport IV monoplane over Syretzk Aerodrome near Kiev; initially punished for risking government equipment, he is later lauded for his innovation [27 August O.S.]
- 1914 Belgian offensive from Antwerp until September 12
- 1914 Boston Brave George Davis no-hits Philadelphia Phillies 7-0
- 1914 First fully mechanized unit in the British Army is created: the Canadian Automobile Machine Gun Brigade (WWI)
- 1914 Meeting held at Gaelic League headquarters between the Irish Republican Brotherhood and other extreme republicans; initial decision is made to stage an uprising while Britain is at war
- 1915 Association for the Study of Negro Life and History is formed in Chicago by Carter G. Woodson and others and is now known as the Association for the Study of African American Life and History
- 1918 Dutch government of Ruijs de Beerenbrouck forms
- 1919 Boston’s police force goes on strike
Hydrofoil Sets Speed Record
1919 The hydrofoil designed by Alexander Graham Bell, his wife Mabel Bell, and F.W. Casey Baldwin sets a new water speed record of 114 km/h on Bras d’Or, Nova Scotia [1]
- 1921 Guatemala, Honduras and San Salvador agree to Central American Union
- 1922 St. Louis Browns’ “Baby Doll” Jacobson hits three triples, beating the Tigers 16-0
- 1922 Turkish troops take the Greek-held Anatolian city of Smyrna during the Greco-Turkish War
- 1923 Finnish Albin Stenroos runs a world record 20 km in 1:07:11.2
- 1924 Hanapepe Massacre occurs on Kauai, Hawaii
- 1926 National Broadcasting Company created by Radio Corporation of America
- 1926 Train disaster in Wassenaar, Netherlands; 4 people die
- 1928 Silvio Cator of Haiti sets a long jump world record with a jump of 26.02 ft (7.93 m)
- 1932 Frank Crosetti ties the record by striking out twice in one inning
- 1932 Mine strike at Belgian Borinage ends
- 1932 Spanish Cortes grant Catalonia autonomy
- 1932 Steamboat SS Observation explodes in New York City’s East River, killing 71 people
- 1936 New York Yankees beat Cleveland Indians, 12-9 at League Park to clinch AL pennant on the earliest date in history
- 1939 Nazi Army reaches Warsaw
- 1940 28 German aircraft are shot down over England
- 1942 Compulsory work for women, children, and elderly men in Batavia
- 1942 First bombing on continental US soil at Mount Emily, Oregon during WWII by Japanese planes
- 1943 Fifteen German JU-88s sink Italian flagship Roma
Bradley to Marrakesh
1943 Lieutenant-General Omar Bradley flies from Algiers to Marrakech and Prestwick
- 1943 US, British, and French troops land in Salerno (Operation Avalanche)
- 1944 Allied forces liberate Luxembourg
- 1944 Dutch Resistance fighter Jaap Musch is executed after a day and a half of torture and interrogation regarding his work saving Jewish children in Nijverdal, Netherlands
- 1944 The Red Army supports a coup in Bulgaria, instituting a new Communist government (1946-1990) during the “National Uprising”
- 1944 US 113th cavalry passes Belgian-Dutch borders
1st Computer Bug
1945 First “bug” in a computer program is discovered by a team of engineers, including Grace Hopper, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, when a real-life moth is removed with tweezers from a relay and taped into the logbook
- 1945 Japanese forces in South Korea, Taiwan, China, and Indochina surrender to the Allies
- 1945 Philadelphia A’s Dick Fowler no-hits St. Louis Browns 1-0
- 1948 Brooklyn Dodger Rex Barney no-hits the NY Giants 2-0
- 1949 Pacific Airlines flight explodes en route to Baie-Comeau, killing 23 people; a passenger’s husband, Albert Guay, is later sentenced and hanged along with two others for the first bombing of a Canadian plane [1]
- 1950 First use of TV laugh track by “The Hank McCune Show” in the US
- 1950 Mass arrests of Communists in France
- 1951 First broadcast of the soap opera “Love of Life” on CBS TV
- 1953 WFIE TV channel 14 in Evansville, IN (NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1954 Earthquake strikes Orleansville (now Chlef), Algeria, killing 1,250 people
- 1954 Indians become first Cleveland team to win 100 games in a season
- 1955 Don Zimmer hits the 4,000th home run for the Dodgers
- 1956 African Party for the Liberation of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde forms
- 1957 Nashville’s new Hattie Cotton Elementary School is dynamited
1957 Civil Rights Act
1957 US President Eisenhower signs the first civil rights bill since Reconstruction
- 1958 Race riots in Notting Hill Gate, London
- 1960 Denver Broncos beat Boston Patriots 13-10 in the American Football League’s first game before 21,597 fans at Nickerson Field in Boston
- 1960 Pakistan ends India’s run of six consecutive Olympic field hockey gold medals with a 1-0 win over their subcontinent rivals at the Rome Games
- 1962 Soviet economist Liberman pleads for autonomous businesses
- 1962 WNYS (now WIXT) TV channel 9 in Syracuse, NY (ABC) begins broadcasting
Governor Tries to Stop Schools Integation
1963 Alabama Governor George Wallace is served a federal injunction to stop orders of state police to bar Black students from enrolling in white schools
- 1963 NBC expands “The Huntley–Brinkley Report,” its evening television news program, from 15 to 30 minutes
- 1964 German Democratic Republic government allows short visits to West Germany
- 1964 John Osborne’s “Inadmissible Evidence” premieres in London
Baseball Record
1965 LA Dodgers future Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Sandy Koufax throws his fourth career no-hitter and first perfect game in a 1-0 win over the Chicago Cubs at Dodger Stadium
- 1965 Tibet becomes an autonomous region of China
1st Safety Standards for US Roads and Vehicles
1966 The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act is signed into law by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson, establishing the first federal safety standards for vehicles and roads
- 1967 First successful test flight of a Saturn V
- 1967 Uganda declares independence from the United Kingdom
- 1968 WGIQ TV channel 43 in Louisville, AL (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1968 WVPT TV channel 51 in Staunton, VA (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1969 Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 collides with a Piper Cherokee above Indiana, killing all 83 occupants
- 1969 The Official Languages Act comes into force in Canada, making English and French the country’s official languages (replaced in 1988 by a new Official Languages Act) [1]
- 1969 WCVN TV channel 54 in Covington, KY (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1970 Feyenoord wins soccer’s Club World Cup
- 1971 1,000 convicts riot and seize Attica Correctional Facility in New York
Imagine
1971 Apple Records releases John Lennon‘s second solo studio album, “Imagine,” in the US; it tops the charts in the US, UK, Australia, and three other countries
- 1971 John Lennon and Yoko Ono appear on The Dick Cavett Show (ABC-TV)
- 1971 NHL great Gordie Howe retires for the first time after 25 seasons with the Detroit Red Wings
- 1972 Connection found between Mammoth Cave Ridge and Flint cave systems in Kentucky, joining 144 miles of passages, making it the world’s longest known cave system (later mapped at 420 miles) [1]
- 1972 Soviet runner Lyudmila Bragina wins the women’s 1,500 m gold medal at the Munich Olympics with a world record of 4:01.38
- 1972 Soviet Union beats the United States 51-50 in the most controversial game in international basketball history; with the US leading 50-49, the final 3 seconds are replayed three times until the Soviets finally win
- 1972 West German equestrian rider Liselott Linsenhoff follows her dressage team’s gold in Mexico City with the individual dressage title at her home Olympics in Munich
1973 Fourth place finish in the Italian Grand Prix at Monza is enough to clinch Jackie Stewart his third Formula 1 World Drivers’ Championship
Wings Begin World Tour
1975 Paul McCartney & Wings begin their “Wings Over The World” tour in Southampton, England; 65 concerts in Europe, Australia, Canada, and the United States run through October 1976
- 1975 Viking 2 Mars probe launches
- 1976 New Zealand government establishes the country’s first centralized electronic database through the Wanganui Computer Act, raising questions about the state’s ability to gather information on its citizens
- 1977 Tiger rookies Lou Whitaker and Alan Trammell debut together and play together for 19 years
- 1978 Baltimore Orioles pull off their 7th triple play (5-4-3 vs. Toronto)
- 1978 Third game of the Boston Massacre; NY Yankees beat the Red Sox 7-0
- 1979 31st Emmy Awards: “Taxi,” “Lou Grant,” Ron Leibman, and Ruth Gordon win
The Bitch
1979 British film “The Bitch,” starring Joan Collins, a sequel to “The Stud,” both based on novels by her sister Jackie Collins, premieres in the UK
- 1979 South African Ferrari driver Jody Scheckter wins the Italian Grand Prix at Monza to clinch his first Formula 1 World Drivers’ Championship, becoming the first South African champion
- 1981 Vernon E. Jordan resigns as president of National Urban League in the US
- 1982 Conestoga 1, the first private commercial rocket, makes a suborbital flight
- 1982 The space shuttle Columbia is mated with solid rocket boosters and an external tank in preparation for its fifth flight, STS-5
- 1983 Challenger returns to Kennedy Space Center via Sheppard Air Force Base, Texas
- 1983 Radio Shack announces its Color Computer 2 (CoCo2)
- 1983 Vitas Gerulaitis bets his house that the men’s 100th-ranked tennis player could beat Martina Navratilova
US Sanctions Against South Africa
1985 President Reagan orders sanctions against South Africa, targeting apartheid
NBA History
1987 Larry Bird of the Celtics begins an NBA free throw streak of 59 consecutive successful shots
Baseball Record
1987 MLB pitcher Nolan Ryan strikes out his 4,500th batter
- 1988 “Look Away” single released by Chicago (Billboard Song of the Year 1989)
- 1988 MLB Atlanta Braves’ Bruce Sutter joins Rollie Fingers and Goose Gossage with 300 MLB career saves
- 1988 US Stars & Stripes H3 defeats New Zealand’s KZ-1 at the 27th America’s Cup; New Zealand appeals in court but eventually loses
- 1990 George H. W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Helsinki and urge Iraq to leave Kuwait
- 1990 Liberian President Samuel K. Doe is captured by Mr. Johnson’s forces
- 1990 Oakland beats NY 7-3 to complete a 12-game sweep of the Yankees this year
Boxing History
1991 Mike Tyson is indicted for the rape of Desiree Washington
- 1991 Only 1,695 fans watch the Boston Red Sox play Cleveland
- 1992 Baltimore Orioles draw 3 million fans at home for the first time
- 1992 MLB player Robin Yount is the 17th to reach 3,000 hits
- 1993 Croupier of a casino in Bristol, England, rolls a 4 a record eight times
- 1993 Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization exchange letters of mutual recognition
- 1994 Russian Tu-22 supersonic bomber collides with its photographic chase aircraft, a Tu-134AK, over Samoyliha, Shatura District near Moscow, killing all eight aboard the Tu-134
- 1994 Space Shuttle STS 64 (Discovery 20) launches into orbit
- 1995 Broadway Limited’s last train ride (began in 1902)
- 1995 Dean Street Station in Brooklyn is the sixth MTA station to close since 1904
- 1997 Sinn Féin accepts Mitchell Principles on paramilitary disarmament
- 2001 At 01:46:40 UTC, the time on the Unix clock in milliseconds passes 1 billion since January 1, 1970, which Unix systems recognize as zero time
Massoud Assassinated
2001 Two al-Qaeda-linked suicide bombers disguised as journalists kill Northern Alliance leader Ahmad Shah Massoud by detonating explosives hidden in a camera and a battery-pack belt while interviewing him in Takhar Province, northeastern Afghanistan
- 2002 MLB Arizona Diamondbacks’ left-handed pitcher Randy Johnson reaches 300 strikeouts for the fifth consecutive season, extending his Major League record
- 2004 Bomb explodes outside the Australian embassy in Jakarta, killing 10 people
- 2009 Cyprus enters recession after 0.6% contraction in the first quarter, followed by 0.4% in the second quarter
Imelda Marcos To Repay Funds
2010 A court in the Philippines orders Imelda Marcos to repay the government almost $280,000 for funds taken from the National Food Authority by Ferdinand Marcos in 1983
- 2012 100 people are killed and 350 injured in a wave of attacks across Iraq
- 2012 Armenia wins the 40th FIDE Chess Olympiad
- 2012 Two car bombs explode in Aleppo, Syria, killing 17 people and injuring at least 40
- 2013 18 people are killed in conflict between government and Boko Haram troops in Borno State, Nigeria
- 2013 60 people are killed in conflict between rebels and loyalists in the Central African Republic
- 2013 A bus crashes into a ravine in Northern Guatemala, killing 44 people and injuring 45
- 2013 Erna Solberg is elected Prime Minister of Norway after a center-right coalition wins a majority in the elections
- 2014 Ali Hosseini Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran, undergoes prostate surgery
- 2015 Apple unveils the iPad Pro and iPhone 6S in San Francisco
- 2015 EU Migrant Crisis: European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker in his annual address proposes plan based on EU quotas
Elizabeth II
2015 Queen Elizabeth II becomes Great Britain’s longest-reigning monarch at 63 years and seven months, beating the previous record set by her great-great-grandmother, Queen Victoria
- 2016 North Korea conducts its fifth nuclear test at the Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site, at the time its largest test at 10 kilotons but later superseded by the 2017 test
- 2017 Egyptian archaeologists announce the discovery of a 3,500-year-old tomb of a goldsmith and his family in Draa Abul-Naga, Egypt
- 2018 Arirang Mass Games begin in North Korea to celebrate the country’s 70th anniversary, featuring tens of thousands performing
- 2018 CBS chief Les Moonves departs the company after six more women make allegations of sexual abuse in “The New Yorker”
- 2018 Green Bay Packers start their 100th season with a historic 24-23 comeback win over the Chicago Bears at Lambeau Field; it is the first Packers recovery from a 17+ point deficit at three-quarter time (20-3)
- 2018 Russian police detain over 1,000 people amid nationwide protests against pension reform
- 2018 Swedish general election: No party wins a majority, with far-right Sweden Democrats making gains
- 2019 Australia experiences its earliest and most severe start to the fire season, fighting dozens of bushfires in Queensland and New South Wales
- 2019 John Legend and wife Chrissy Teigen fire back at Donald Trump on social media after he calls them “boring” and “filthy-mouthed” in tweets about Criminal Justice Reform
- 2019 Nigerian government says it will repatriate 600 people from South Africa after two people are killed in a wave of xenophobic violence in Johannesburg
Milton’s Copy of Shakespeare
2019 Poet John Milton‘s own copy of Shakespeare‘s First Folio of 1623 survives with his annotations, according to scholar Jason Scott-Warren, in a Philadelphia library and could be the world’s most important modern literary discovery
- 2019 Scientists reveal evidence of humans’ earliest milk consumption 6,000 years ago from the dental plaque of prehistoric farmers’ teeth in Britain
Woodward on Trump
2020 Donald Trump purposely downplays the pandemic in early 2020 to avoid panic according to Bob Woodward‘s new book “Rage”
- 2020 Global death toll from COVID-19 surpasses 900,000, with the US having the most deaths at 190,589
- 2020 San Francisco Bay Area is blanketed by dark orange skies and smoke due to California wildfires
- 2021 17 hospital patients die after heavy rainfall and flooding in Tula, central Mexico
- 2021 US 2021 summer is the hottest on record with an average of 74 degrees Fahrenheit, overtaking the record set in 1936 during the Dust Bowl [1]
- 2024 Fashion designer Sarah Burton, former head designer at Alexander McQueen, is named Givenchy’s new Creative Director [1]
- 2024 Vietnam’s Phong Chau Bridge collapses into the Red River in the wake of Super Typhoon Yagi, taking 10 cars and two scooters with it
- 2024 World’s first whole-eye and face transplant is declared successful for a 47-year-old Arkansas man more than a year after the operation [1]
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