Blog - Sci4Us.Com

American author (House of 7 Gables, The Scarlet Letter), born in Salem, Massachusetts

Italian general and nationalist (Risorgimento) who helped unify Italy, born in Nice, First French Empire

1816 Hiram Walker, American entrepreneur and founder of the Hiram Walker and Sons Ltd. distillery, born in East Douglas, Massachusetts (d. 1899)
1819 Reuben Fenton, American merchant and politician (22nd Governor of New York), born in Carroll, New York (d. 1885)
1826 Green Clay Smith, American politician and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Richmond, Kentucky (d. 1895)

American composer (“Oh! Susanna”; “Swanee River”; “Beautiful Dreamer”), born in Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania

1828 J. Johnston Pettigrew, American lawyer and Confederate General in the American Civil War, born in Tyrrell County, North Carolina (d. 1863)
1828 Wilhelm Ahlwardt, German orientalist, born in Greifswald, Germany (d. 1909)
1829 Hermann Kotzschmar, German-American composer, born in Finsterwalde, Brandenburg, Kingdom of Prussia (d. 1909)
1840 James McGranahan, American composer, born in Adamsville, Pennsylvania (d. 1907)
1841 Edward Gailliard, Flemish linguist and archaeologist, born in Bruges, Belgium (d. 1922)
1842 Gustav Ratzenhofer, Austrian sociologist and general, born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1904)
1842 Gyula Erkel, Hungarian composer, son of Ferenc Erkel, born in Pest, Hungary (d. 1909)
1845 Thomas John Barnardo, Irish-born British social worker, and philanthropist (established Barnardo homes for children), born in Dublin, Ireland (d. 1905)

American circus ringmaster and showman (Barnum & Bailey), born in Detroit, Michigan

1850 Ole Olsen, Norwegian composer, organist, and military bandleader, born in Hammerfest, Finnmark, Norway (d. 1927)
1854 Heinrich Zöllner, German composer, born in Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony (d. 1941)
1854 Victor Babeş, Romanian physician and bacteriologist, born in Vienna, Austrian Empire (d. 1926)
1859 Mickey Welch, American Baseball HOF pitcher (third to 300 career wins; Troy Trojans, New York Giants), born in Brooklyn, New York (d. 1941)
1867 Stephen Mather, American industrialist and conservationist (organized US National Park Service), born in San Francisco, California (d. 1930)
1868 Henrietta Swan Leavitt, American astronomer (period-luminosity relation), born in Lancaster, Massachusetts (d. 1921)
1870 Pieter van der Lijn, Dutch geologist (Dutch boulders), born in Graft, Netherlands (d. 1964)

30th US President (Republican: 1923-29), born in Plymouth Notch, Vermont

1874 David Denton, English cricket batsman (11 Tests, 1 x 100, HS 104; Yorkshire CCC), born in Wakefield, England (d. 1950)
1875 Giovanni & Giacomo Tocci, Italian con-joined twins, born in Locana (probable date)
1876 William Farnum, American actor (Spoilers, Man who Fights Alone), born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1953)
1880 George Mullin, American baseball pitcher (Detroit Tigers; no-hitter 1912), born in Toledo, Ohio (d. 1944)
1880 Pat Rooney, American vaudevillian and actor (Night Club), born in New York City (d. 1962)
1881 Ulysses S. Grant III, American soldier and planner, born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1968)
1883 Maximilian Steinberg, Russian composer, born in Vilnius, Russian Empire (d. 1946)

American cartoonist who made the easy outrageously difficult (Pulitzer Prize 1948), born in San Francisco, California

1884 Alexander Byvanck, Dutch art historian and archaeologist, born in Leiden, Netherlands (d. 1970)
1885 Lucy Diggs Slowe, American educator (Dean of Women, Howard University, 1922-37), tennis champion (American Tennis Association, 1917), and sorority co-founder (Alpha Kappa Alpha, 1908), born in Berryville, Virginia (d. 1937)
1886 Heinrich Kaminski, German composer, born in Tiengen, Schwarzwald, Germany (d. 1946)
1888 Henry Armetta, Italian-American actor (The Black Cat, Bell for Adano, Big Store), born in Palermo, Sicily, Italy (d. 1945)
1894 Henry “Doc” Carlson, American Basketball Hall of Fame collegiate coach (University of Pittsburgh, 1922-53: 367–248 [.597]), originated figure 8 play, born in Murray City, Ohio (d. 1964)
1895 Eric Marx, South African cricket all-rounder (3 Tests, 3 wickets; 240 on FC debut for Transvaal), born in Johannesburg, South Africa (d. 1974)
1895 Irving Caesar, American lyricist and theater composer (“Tea for Two”; “Just A Gigilo”; “Sometimes I’m Happy”; “Animal Crackers In My Soup”), born in New York City (d. 1996) [1]
1895 Massimo Campigli, Italian painter and illustrator, born in Berlin, Germany (d. 1971)
1896 Adolph Hallis, South African concert pianist, classical and film score composer, and teacher, born in Port Elizabeth, South Africa (d. 1987)
1896 Mao Dun [Shen Dehong], Chinese writer (Midnight), born in Tongxiang, China (d. 1981)

English actress (Mimi, Rembrandt) and musical performer, born in London

1898 Gulzarilal Nanda, Indian politician and economist, temporary Prime Minister of India (1964, 1966), born in Sialkot, British India (d. 1998)
1898 Johnny Lee, American actor (Song of the South, The Amos ‘n’ Andy Show), born in Los Angeles, California (d. 1965)
1898 Pilar Barbosa, Puerto Rican historian and political activist, born in Bayamon, Puerto Rico (d. 1997)

American politician (US Senator from California, 1965-71), actor and dancer (MGM Parade), born in New Haven, Connecticut

Polish-born American mobster known as the “Mob’s Accountant”, born in Grodno, Russian Empire

1902 Vince Barnett, American actor (Star is Born, Human Jungle), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (d. 1977)
1903 Flor Peeters, Flemish organist (St. Rumbold’s Cathedral – Mechelen, 1923-86), composer (Lied Symphony), and pedagogue, born in Tielen, Flanders, Belgium (d. 1986)
1903 Rudolf Breslauer, German Jewish photographer (documented Westerbork transit camp), born in Leipzig, Germany (d. 1945)
1904 Angela Baddeley, English actress (Ghost Train, Tom Jones), born in London, England (d. 1976)
1904 Artur Malawski, Polish violinist, conductor, composer (Mountaineers Triptych), and pedagogue, born in Prömsel, Galicia, Austria-Hungary (now Przemyśl, Poland) (d. 1957)
1904 Isaac Bashevis Singer, Polish-American Yiddish writer (Yentl, Nobel Prize for Literature 1978), born in Leoncin, Russian Empire (d. 1991)
1904 Seger Ellis, American jazz pianist, pop vocalist, songwriter, and bandleader, born in Houston, Texas (d. 1995) [1]
1905 Dante Fiorillo, American composer, born in New York City (d. 1970)
1905 Irving Johnson, American sail training pioneer and adventurer, born in Hadley, Massachusetts (d. 1991)
1905 Lionel Trilling, American literary critic and author (1969 Poses Award, The Liberal Imagination), born in New York City (d. 1975)
1906 Vincent Joseph Schaefer, American chemist and meteorologist (cloud seeding), born in Schenectady, New York (d. 1993)
1907 Elliott Sullivan, American actor (The Persuaders!, Fury Below, Sergeant), born in San Antonio, Texas (d. 1974)
1907 Gordon Griffith, American silent and sound screen child actor, first to portray Tarzan on film (as Young Tarzan in “Tarzan of the Apes” (1918)), assistant director, and film producer, born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1958)
1907 Howard Taubman, American music and theater critic, born in Manhattan, New York (d. 1996)
1908 Aurelio Peccei, Italian industrialist and chairman (Club of Rome), born in Turin, Piedmont, Italy (d. 1984)
1909 Alec Templeton, Welsh pianist and composer (Concertino Lirico), born in Cardiff, Wales (d. 1963)
1909 Lynette Roberts, British poet, born in Buenos Aires, Argentina (d. 1995)
1909 Madeleine Barot, French activist and theologian, born in Châteauroux, France (d. 1995)
1910 (William Thomas) “Champion Jack” Dupree, American boxer, blues and boogie-woogie pianist, singer-songwriter (“Walkin’ The Blues”), and WWII P.O.W., born in Irish Channel, New Orleans, Louisiana (d. 1992)
1910 Francis D. Foley, US Rear Admiral (WW II, Guadalcanal), born in Dorchester, Massachusetts (d. 1999)

American actress (Titanic) and founder of the Screen Actors Guild, born in Santa Monica, California

1910 Robert K. Merton, American sociologist (functionalism, self-fulfilling prophecy) and criminologist, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 2003)
1911 Bikram Singh, Indian Army Lt. General (Kashmir), born in British India (d. 1963)
1911 Mitch Miller, American oboist and recording producer (Sing Along with Mitch), born in Rochester, New York (d. 2010)
1912 Virginia Graham, American TV personality (Girl Talk, Where Was I), born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1998)
1912 Viviane Romance [Pauline Ronacher Ortmanns], French actress (Panic, Queen’s Necklace), born in Roubaix, Nord, France (d. 1991)
1914 Nuccio Bertone, Italian automobile designer, born in Turin, Piedmont, Italy (d. 1997)
1915 Christine Lavant, Austrian poet and writer (Das Kind), born in Lavant Valley, Carinthia, Austria (d. 1973)
1915 Timmie Rogers, American comedian (The Jackie Gleason Show), actor and singer-songwriter (“Back to School Again”; “I Love Ya, I Love Ya, I Love Ya”), born in Detroit, Michigan (d. 2006)
1916 Fernand Leduc, Canadian abstract expressionist painter (Les Automatistes), and teacher, born in Viauville, Montreal, Quebec (d. 2014)
1916 Tokyo Rose [Iva Toguri D’Aquino], American-born Japanese propagandist (WWII), born in Los Angeles (d. 2006)
1917 Manolete [Manuel Laureano Rodríguez Sánchez], Spanish bullfighter, born in Córdoba, Andalucia, Spain (d. 1947)
1918 Abigail Van Buren [Pauline Phillips], American columnist and radio show host known for “Dear Abby” advice column, twin sister of fellow advice columnist Ann Landers (Eppie Lederer), born in Sioux City, Iowa (d. 2013)

English cricket medium-pace bowler (51 Tests, 236 wickets, BB 7/44; Surrey CCC), born in Reading, England

1918 Ann Landers [Eppie Lederer], American advice columnist “Ask Ann Landers,” twin sister of fellow advice columnist “Dear Abby” (Abigail Van Buren), born in Sioux City, Iowa (d. 2002)
1918 Buster Davis, American choral director (Garry Moore Show), born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania (d. 1987)
1918 Johnnie Parsons, American auto racer (Indianapolis 500, 1950; AAA/USAC Championship, 1949), born in Los Angeles, California (d. 1984)
1918 Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965-2006), born in Royal Palace, Nuku’alofa, Tonga (d. 2006)
1920 Leona Helmsley, American real estate billionaire convicted of federal income tax evasion, born in Marbletown, New York (d. 2007)
1920 Norm Drucker, American basketball referee (NBA Supervisor of Officials 1977–81; ABA Supervisor of the Officials 1969–73), born in New York City (d. 2015)
1921 Gérard Debreu, French-American economist (Nobel Prize, 1983), born in Calais, France (d. 2004)
1921 Tibor Varga, Hungarian violinist and orchestra leader (Ripley’s Game), born in Győr, Hungary (d. 2003)
1922 Ghulam Ahmed, Indian cricket spin bowler (22 Tests, 68 wickets, BB 7/49, 1 x 50; Hyderabad), born in Hyderabad, India (d. 1998)
1923 Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council (1982-84), born in Winterthur, Switzerland (d. 2013)
1924 Eva Marie Saint, American actress and producer (On the Waterfront, North by Northwest, People Like Us), born in Newark, New Jersey
1924 Harry Stewart Jr., American US Army Air Forces fighter pilot and officer (Tuskegee Airmen, WWII), instructor, and co-winner of the first ‘Top Gun” competition (1949), born in Newport News, Virginia (d. 2025) [1]

Argentine soccer forward (Spain 31 caps, Argentina 6, Colombia 4; European Cup 1956-60; Real Madrid) and manager (European Cup Winners’ Cup: 1980 Valencia), born in Buenos Aires, Argentina

1926 Mary Stuart, American actress (Jo-Search for Tomorrow), born in Miami, Florida (d. 2002)
1927 Luigina “Gina” Lollobrigida, Italian actress (Trapeze; Falcon Crest), photojournalist, and sculptor, born in Subiaco, Italy (d. 2023) [1]

American playwright (The Odd Couple, Plaza Suite, Biloxi Blues), born in The Bronx, New York

1927 Reid Miles, American photographer, and album cover art designer (Blue Note Records, 1955-67), and Clio Award-winning TV commercial director, born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1993)
1928 Cathy Berberian, American mezzo-soprano and composer (Stripsody), born in Attleboro, Massachusetts (d. 1983)
1928 Giampiero Boniperti, Italian soccer striker (38 caps; Juventus 443 games), executive (chairman Juventus) and politician (deputy in European Parliament), born in Barengo, Italy (d. 2021)
1928 Patrick Tilley, British sci-fi author (The Amtrak Wars: First Family, Blood River), born in Southend-on-Sea, England (d. 2020)
1928 Paul de Wispelaere, Flemish writer and critic, born in Bruges, Belgium (d. 2016)
1928 Sylvius Gerald Marie Rozendal, Premier of Netherlands Antilles, born in Willemstad, Curacao (d. 2003)

American businessman and NFL executive (owner Oakland Raiders), born in Brockton, Massachusetts

1929 Chuck Tanner, American baseball manager (World Series 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates; Chicago WS, Oakland A’s, Atlanta Braves), born in New Castle, Pennsylvania (d. 2011)
1929 Peter Angelos, American lawyer and baseball executive (majority owner of the Baltimore Orioles, 1993-2024), born in Baltimore, Maryland (d. 2024) [1]
1930 Frunzik [Mher Mkrtchyan], Armenian actor (Mimino, Kidnapping, Caucasian Style), born in Leninakan, Soviet Armenia (d. 1993)

American businessman and MLB team owner (New York Yankees), born in Rocky River, Ohio

1930 Yury Tyukalov, Soviet rower (Olympic 1952,56 Gold), born in Leningrad, Russia (d. 2018)
1931 Duncan Lamont, Scottish jazz and session trumpet and saxophone player, arranger, andsongwriter (“I Told You So”), born in Greenock, Scotland (d. 2019)
1931 Peter Richardson, British cricket batsman (34 Tests, 5 x 100, 9 x 50, HS 126; Worcestershire CCC, Kent CCC), born in Hereford, England (d. 2017)
1931 Rick Casares, American NFL fullback (Chicago Bears), born in Tampa, Florida (d. 2013)
1931 Stephen Boyd [William Millar], Irish actor (Fantastic Voyage, Ben-Hur), born in Glengormley, County Antrim, Northern Ireland (d. 1977)
1932 Aurèle Vandendriessche, Belgian marathon runner, born in Anzegem, Belgium (d. 2023)
1933 Rufus “Freight Train” Jones [Carey Lloyd], American professional wrestler, born in Dillon, South Carolina (d. 1993)
1934 Colin Welland, British screenwriter (Chariots of Fire) and actor (Straw Dogs), born in Liverpool, England (d. 2015)
1935 Paul Scoon, Grenadian politician, 2nd Governor-General of Grenada (1978-92), born in Gouyave, British Windward Islands (d. 2013)
1936 Dick Hyde, American trombonist and session musician (Frank Sinatra, Steely Dan, Madonna), sometimes known as “Slyde Hyde”, born in Lansing, Michigan (d. 2019)
1937 Roosevelt Taylor, American football safety (Pro Bowl 1963, 68; First Team All-Pro 1963; Chicago Bears, SF 49ers, Washington Redskins), born in New Orleans, Louisiana (d. 2020)
1937 Sonja [Haraldsen], Queen consort of Norway (since 1991), born in Oslo, Norway
1937 Thomas Nagel, American philosopher and University Professor of Philosophy and Law Emeritus at New York University, born in Belgrade, Kingdom of Yugoslavia

American spop and R&B singer-songwriter (“Ain’t No Sunshine”; “Lean On Me”), born in Slab Fork, West Virginia

1938 Cyril Mitchley, South African cricket wicket-keeper (Transvaal, later Test umpire), born in Johannesburg, Transvaal, South Africa
1938 Mike Mainieri, American jazz and session vibraphonist (Steps Ahead; Buddy Rich; Dire Straits; Carly Simon), born in The Bronx, NYC
1939 Ed Bernard, American actor (Joe-Police Woman, Jim-White Shadow), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1940 Dave Rowberry, English rock organist, and piano player (The Animals – “House of the Rising Sun”), born in Nottingham, England (d. 2003)
1940 Hank Goldberg, American sports broadcaster (radio color commentator Miami Dolphins, 1978-92; ESPN2; ESPN Radio), born in Newark, New Jersey (d. 2022)
1940 Karolyn Grimes, American actress (It’s a Wonderful Life; The Bishop’s Wife), born in Hollywood, California
1941 Brian Willson, American peace activist, born in New York
1941 Sergio Oliva, American body builder (The Myth, IFBB Mr. Olympia, 1967-9), born in Havana, Cuba (d. 2012)
1942 Arne Hegerfors, Swedish sports presenter-journalist (Sveriges Television, Canal Plus), born in Gothenburg, Sweden (d. 2024)
1942 Floyd Little, American Pro/College Football Hall of Fame halfback (Syracuse University; 5 x Pro Bowl; First-team All-Pro 1969; Denver Broncos), born in New Haven, Connecticut (d. 2021)
1942 Hal Lanier, American MLB baseball player, 1964-73 (San Francisco Giants, New York Yankees), born in Denton, North Carolina
1942 Michael, English Prince of Kent and paternal first cousin of Queen Elizabeth II, born in Coppins, Iver, Buckinghamshire, England
1942 Peter Rowan, American bluegrass singer-songwriter, guitarist, mandolin player, and yodeller (Old and In The Way – “Panama Red”), born in Wayland, Massachusetts
1942 Stefan Meller, Polish diplomat and 9th Minister of Foreign Affairs (2005-06), born in Lyon, France (d. 2008)
1943 Alan Wilson, American rock guitarist and vocalist (Canned Heat – “Going Up The Country”), born in Arlington, Massachusetts (d. 1970)
1943 Conny Bauer, German free-jazz trombonist, born in Halle, Germany
1943 Emerson Boozer, College Hall of Fame and NFL running back (NY Jets 1966-75), born in Augusta, Georgia

1943 American news personality (20/20, Geraldo), born in New York City

1944 Harvey Brooks [Goldstein], American rock, blues, and folk session bassist (Bob Dylan; The Electric Flag), and record producer (Karen Dalton), born in Manhattan, New York
1944 Ray Meagher, Australian actor (Home and Away), born in Roma, Queensland, Australia
1945 Steinar Amundsen, Norwegian sprint canoeist (Olympic gold K-4 1000m 1968; World C’ship gold 1970, 75), born in Bærum, Norway (d. 2022)
1946 Ed O’Ross, American actor (Full Metal Jacket), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

1946 American financier known as the Junk Bond King who was convicted of securities fraud, born in Los Angeles, California

1946 Ron Kovic, American anti-war activist and writer (Born on the Fourth of July), born in Ladysmith, Wisconsin
1947 Bill Schnee, American Grammy and Emmy Award-winning audio engineer (Steely Dan; Bette Midler; Natalie Cole), and music producer (Pablo Cruise; Huey Lewis; Boz Scaggs), born in Phoenix, Arizona
1947 Morganna Roberts, Baseball’s kissing bandit, born in Louisville, Kentucky
1948 Ed Armbrister, Bahamian baseball player (Cincinnati Reds), born in Nassau, Bahamas
1948 Jeremy Spencer, British rock guitarist (Fleetwood Mac – “Oh Well”), born in Hartlepool, County Durham, England
1948 René Arnoux, French formula-1 racer (6th place-1980), born in Pontcharra, Isère, France
1948 Tommy Körberg, Swedish pop singer, musician, and stage actor (Chess), born in Norsjö, Sweden
1949 James Stroud, American session drummer, keyboard player, and record producer, born in Shreveport, Louisiana
1949 Tonio K. [Steven Krikorian], American singer (Romeo Unchained; 16 Tons of Monkeys), born in Palm Desert, California
1950 David Jensen, Canadian-British radio DJ, born in Victoria, British Columbia
1950 Steven Sasson, American inventor of the digital camera, born in Brooklyn, New York [1]
1951 John Alexander, Australian tennis player, politician (Australian Open doubles 1975, 82), born in Sydney, Australia
1951 Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, American Democratic politician and Lieutenant Governor of Maryland (1995-2003), born in Greenwich, Connecticut
1951 Ralph Johnson, American rock drummer (Earth Wind & Fire – “Shining Star”), born in Los Angeles, California
1952 Álvaro Uribe Vélez, Colombian politician (31st President of Colombia), born in Medellín, Colombia
1952 John Waite, British pop vocalist (The Babys – “Every Time I Think Of You”; Bad English – “When I See You Smile”; solo – “Missing You”), born in Lancaster, England
1954 Chang-dong Lee, South Korean filmmaker and novelist (Secret Sunshine, Poetry), born in Daegu, South Korea
1954 Jim Beattie, American baseball pitcher (NY Yankees), born in Hampton, Virginia
1955 Aram Gharabekian, Armenian conductor (National Chamber Orchestra of Armenia; Boston SinfoNova, 1983-96), born in Tehran, Iran (d. 2014)
1957 Princess Chulabhorn of Thailand, the youngest daughter of King Bhumibol Adulyadej and Queen Sirikit, born in Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall Dusit Palace, Bangkok
1958 Kirk Pengilly, Australian rocker (Inxs – “Kiss the Dirt”), born in Sydney, New South Wales
1959 Bill McCorvey, American country singer (Pirates of Mississippi – “Feed Jake”), born in Montgomery, Alabama
1959 Victoria Abril [Rojas], Spanish actress (Libertarias), born in Madrid, Spain
1960 Sid Eudy, American professional wrestler, born in West Memphis, Arkansas
1961 Connie Paraskevin-Young, American sprint cyclist (Olymp-br-88, 92, 96), born in Detroit, Michigan
1961 M. M. Keeravani, Indian composer, producer, and singer (Naatu Naatu), born in Kovvur, Andhra Pradesh, India
1961 Richard Allen Garriott, English-American computer game designer (Origin), born in Austin, Texas
1962 Neil Morrissey, English actor (Men Behaving Badly), born in Stafford, England
1962 Pam Shriver, American tennis star (1991 US Open doubles/Olympic gold 1988), born in Baltimore, Maryland
1962 Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian race car driver, born in Salzburg, Austria (d. 1994)

1963 José Oquendo, Puerto Rican baseball player, born in Río Piedras, Puerto Rico
1964 Cle Kooiman, American soccer defender (12 caps; Cruz Azul, Atlético Morelia, Tampa Bay Mutiny), born in Ontario, California
1964 Mark Slaughter, American hard rock singer,-songwriter, and guitarist (Slaughter – “Up All Night”; “Mad About You”), born in Las Vegas, Nevada
1964 Mark Whiting, American filmmaker and actor, born in Birmingham, Michigan
1965 Harvey Grant, American NBA forward (Trail Blazers, Orlando Magic, Wizards), born in Augusta, Georgia
1965 Jo Whiley, English radio DJ, born in Northampton, United Kingdom
1965 John Frawley, Australian tennis player, born in Redcliffe, Australia
1965 Tracy Letts, American playwright, screenwriter and actor (August: Osage County – Pulitzer Prize for Drama 2008), born in Tulsa, Oklahoma [1]
1966 Adrian Caldwell, American NBA forward/center (Indiana Pacers), born in Falls County, Texas

Battle of Hattin

1187 Battle of Hattin: Muslim armies under Saladin defeat Crusader forces near Tiberias in present-day Israel

1301 Battle at Breukelen: Holland vs Lichtenberg
1359 Francesco II Ordelaffi of Forlì surrenders to the Papal commander Gil de Albornoz.
1415 Angelo Correr renounces his claim to the Papacy as Pope Gregory XII
1453 41 Jewish martyrs burned at stake at Breslau

King Christian III

1534 Christian III is elected King of Denmark and Norway in the town of Rye

Battle of Klushino

1610 Battle of Klushino: King Sigismund III‘s Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth army defeats Russia and Sweden

1634 The city of Trois-Rivières is founded in New France, later to become the Canadian province of Quebec
1636 City of Providence, Rhode Island form
1652 Prince of Condé starts blood bath in Paris
1653 English Barebones Parliament goes into session

William III

1672 States of Holland declare the “Eternal Edict” void and appoint William III as stadholder

1693 Battle at Boussu-lez-Walcourt: French-English vs Dutch army

Battle of Holowczyn

1708 Battle of Holowczyn: Swedish King Charles XII defeats superior Russian force in surprising vctory

1774 Orangetown Resolutions adopted in the Province of New York, one of many protests against the British Parliament’s Coercive Acts

1776 According to popular legend the Liberty Bell rings for the Second Continental Congress

1776 US Congress proclaims the Declaration of Independence and independence from Great Britain

1779 French fleet occupies Grenada

Uniformitarianism

1785 Geologist James Hutton publicly reads an abstract of his theory of uniformitarianism for the first time at the meeting of the Royal Society of Edinburgh

1789 1st US tariff act signed by President Washington
1796 1st Independence Day celebration is held
1802 1st US Military Academy opens at West Point, NY

Louisiana Purchase

1803 The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people by President Thomas Jefferson

1810 French troops occupy Amsterdam
1817 Chief Engineer James Geddes begins construction on the Erie Canal, (Rome, New York), one of the first great engineering works in North America

Herschel Sees Comet for Last Time

1819 William Herschel makes last telescopic observation of 1819 comet

1826 Past presidents Thomas Jefferson and John Adams both die on the 50th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, President John Quincy Adams calls “visible and palpable remarks of Divine Favor”

1827 Slavery abolished in New York
1828 Construction begins on B & O (Baltimore-Ohio) 1st US passenger RR
1829 Cornerstone laid for 2nd US mint at Chestnut and Juniper St, Philadelphia, the “Grecian Temple”
1829 The first London bus “omnibus”, operated by George Shillibeer, begins service between Marylebone Road and Bank Junction
1831 “America (My Country ‘Tis of Thee)”, with lyric by Samuel Francis Smith, has 1st public performance at Park Street Church in Boston, Massachusetts
1836 Wisconsin Territory forms
1837 Grand Junction Railway, the world’s first long-distance railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool
1838 Huskar Pit Disaster: 26 children drown trying to escape flooding in the Silkstone Colliery in England. Leads to the 1842 Mines Act, which bans women and children working underground. [1]
1838 Iowa Territory is organised from Wisconsin Territory, lasting until 1846
1840 The Cunard Line’s 700 ton wooden paddle steamer RMS Britannia departs from Liverpool bound for Halifax, Nova Scotia on the first transatlantic crossing with a scheduled end

Thoreau On Walden Pond

1845 American philosopher and naturalist Henry David Thoreau moves into his shack on Walden Pond

1845 Texas Congress votes for annexation to US

Leaves of Grass

1855 In Brooklyn, New York, the first edition of Walt Whitman‘s book of poems, “Leaves of Grass” is published

1861 In a special session of 27th Congress Lincoln requests 400,000 troops
1861 Skirmish at Harper’s Ferry, West Virginia

Alice in Wonderland

1862 Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) creates Alice in Wonderland for Alice Liddell on a family boat trip on the river Isis (Thames) in Oxford

1862 R Morgan’s: Tomkinsville, KY to Somerset, KY [->JUL 28]
1863 Boise, Idaho, founded (now capital of Idaho)
1863 Failed Confederate assault on Helena Arkansas (640 casualties)

Withdrawal from Gettsburg

1863 General Lee‘s army withdraws from Gettysburg

1863 Skirmish at Smithburg, Tennessee
1863 Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to Union forces
1865 First edition of “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland” by Lewis Carroll is published
1866 Firecracker thrown in wood starts fire destroying half of Portland, Maine, US
1867 The Republican Party of Texas is founded in Houston, with a goal regaining admittance to the union after the US Civil War
1868 Battle at Ueno, Japan: last Tokugawa armies defeated
1868 Maori leader Te Kooti and 300 of his followers captured the schooner Rifleman in the Chatham Islands and sail for New Zealand; landing at Whareongaonga six days later
1873 Aquarium opens in Woodward Gardens, San Francisco
1874 Social Democratic Workmen’s Party of North America formed
1875 White Democrats kill several blacks in terrorist attacks in Vicksburg
1876 1st public exhibition of electric light in San Francisco
1876 Batholdi visits Bedloe Island, future home of his Statue of Liberty
1879 Africaner Union forms by Rev SJ du Toit at Cape colony
1879 Battle at Ulundi: Lord Chelmsford beats Zulu King Cetshwayo

1882 Telegraph Hill Observatory opens in San Francisco
1883 Buffalo Bill Cody presents 1st wild west show, North Platte, Nebraska
1884 1st US bullfight held (Dodge City Ks)

1884 Statue of Liberty presented to US in Paris

1886 1st scheduled transcontinental passenger train reaches Port Moody, British Columbia

Muhammad Ali Jinnah Begins Studies

1887 Future founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, begins his studies at Sindh Madressatul Islam University in Karachi

1888 1st organized rodeo competition held, Prescott, Arizona
1889 Washington state constitutional convention holds 1st meeting
1892 James Keir Hardie chosen 1st socialist in British Lower house
1892 Western Samoa changes the International Date Line, so that year there were 367 days in this country, with two occurrences of Monday, July 4
1894 Elwood Haynes successfully tests one of 1st US autos at 6 MPH
1894 Republic of Hawaii proclaimed, Sanford B Dole as president
1895 Katherine Lee Bates publishes “America the Beautiful”
1898 French liner “La Bourgogne” collides with bark Cromartyshire, 560 die
1898 US flag hoisted over Wake Island (Spanish–American War)
1900 Williams Jennings Bryan nominated as Democratic Party presidential candidate, USA

1st Governor-General of the Philippines

1901 Former US Federal judge William Howard Taft is installed as the 1st Governor-General of the Philippines, declares an amnesty for all insurgents who take an oath of allegiance

Civil Government

1902 Civil government is established in the Philippines by a proclamation from US President Theodore Roosevelt, who offers a general amnesty to insurgents

1903 Pacific Cable (San Francisco, Hawaii, Guam, Philippines) opens, President Theodore Roosevelt sends a message

Waddell, Young Match-up

1905 Baseball Hall of Fame pitchers Rube Waddell (A’s) and Cy Young (Boston) matchup in 20-inning classic; Philadelphia win, 4-2

1906 Great Britain, France, and Italy declare independence of Ethiopia (Abyssinia), but all lay claim to their own ‘spheres of influence’ in that land

Burns KOs Squires

1907 Canadian world heavyweight boxing champion Tommy Burns KOs Bill Squires of Australia in round 1 in Colma, California, his 6th title defense

1908 MLB New York Giants pitcher George “Hooks” Wiltse no-hits Philadelphia Phillies, 1-0 in 10 inning; missed a perfect game by hitting one batter with a pitch (Polo Grounds, NYC)
1909 British Secret Service Bureau forms foreign section, the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6

1910 In a mutual defense agreements, Japan and Russia delineate their spheres of interest in Manchuria
1910 The US Congress pass the Mann-Elkins Act, an important piece of railroad reform legislation
1911 105°F (41°C) at Vernon, Vermont (state record)
1911 106°F (41°C) at Nashua, New Hampshire (state record)

Cobb’s Winning Streak Halted

1911 Chicago White Sox pitcher Ed Walsh halts Ty Cobb‘s 40-game hitting streak as Cobb goes 0 for 4 in a 7-3 win over Detroit Tigers at Bennett Park

1912 Detroit Tiger George Mullen no-hits St Louis Browns, 7-0
1912 Jack Johnson beats “Fireman” Jim Flynn by disqualification in 9 in Las Vegas to retain world heavyweight boxing title

1917 Troops of the Russian Provisional Government open fire on protesters in Petrograd during the ‘July Days’ of unrest

1918 Altar dedicated at full-scale replica of Stonehenge at Maryhill, Washington

1918 The last Ottoman Sultan ascends the throne, Sultan Mehmed VI, who rules until the monarchy is abolished in 1922

1919 ADGB (Allgemeine Deutsche Gewerkschaftsbund) party forms

Dempsey vs Willard

1919 Jack Dempsey beats champion Jess Willard, retired in 3rd round in Toledo, Ohio for world heavyweight championship

1920 The provisional government of Siberia’s Maritime Province agrees to hand over parts of the strategic oil- and coal-rich Sakhalin Islands to Japan
1923 Jack Dempsey beats Tommy Gibbons on points over 15 hard fought rounds in Shelby, Montana to retain world heavyweight boxing title
1924 Italian immigrant chef Caesar Cardini, creates his famous salad for the very first time, at his restaurant in Tijuana, Mexico [1]
1925 MLB New York Yankees Herb Pennock beats Philadelphia A’s Lefty Grove 1-0 in 15 innings in first game of a doubleheader at Yankee Stadium
1925 The former Dreyfus Hotel collapses in Boston, Massachusetts, killing 44 of an estimated 200 patrons dancing in the second floor Pickwick Club
1926 NSDAP-party forms in Weimar
1927 First flight of the Lockheed Vega, a pilot plus four-passenger monoplane; its 225 HP engine allowed cruising speed of 120 MPH

Sukarno Forms Independence Party

1927 Sukarno and friends form the pro-Indonesian independence party, the PNI (Perserikatan Nasional Indonesia) in Batavia, Dutch East Indies

1929 AM radio station WOWO, Indiana’s transmitter burns down
1931 1st fireworks are held at Cleveland Stadium
1931 1st trailside museum opens in Cleveland Metroparks

Bradman Sets North American Record

1932 Don Bradman scores a North American record 260 v Western Ontario in Guelph during Australian cricket team’s Goodwill Tour of North America

1933 Work begins on Oakland Bay Bridge

Atomic Chain-reaction Patented

1934 Hungarian physicist Leó Szilárd patents the chain-reaction design for the atomic bomb

1934 Jordanians revolt in Amsterdam after reduction in employment
1936 League of Nations ends sanctions against Italy after Italian takeover of Abyssinia
1938 France-Turkish friendship treaty
1938 Phillies complete move to Shribe Park in Philadelphia, lose 10-5 to Boston Bees

Gehrig 1st Number Retired

1939 Lou Gehrig is first MLB player to have his number (4) retired on his “Appreciation Day” at Yankee Stadium, makes iconic “luckiest man” speech

1939 Red Sox 3rd baseman Jim Tabor hits record-tying 2 grand slams in one MLB game, 18-12 win v Phillies
1940 WWII: British Navy bombards neutral French battle fleet at Mers El Kébir, near Oran, French Algeria to prevent Axis powers from taking the ships; 1267 French serviceman die, one ship sunk and 5 more damaged

Penicillin Creators Met

1941 Howard Florey and Norman Heatley meet for 1st time, 11 days later they successfully recreate penicillin

1941 Latvian partisans shoot 416 Jews dead
1941 Massacre of the Lwów professors: Nazi occupying forces shoot and kill 25 Polish professors from Lwów and other family members [1]
1941 Politburo of Yugoslav communist party reorganizes
1942 1st American bombing missions over Nazi Germany-occupied Europe (WWII)

This Is The Army

1942 Irving Berlin‘s musical benefit “This Is The Army” , featuring a cast of US soldiers, opens at the Broadway Theatre, NYC; planned limited run of 4 weeks extended to twelve weeks

1942 Siege of Sevastopol ends with the surrender of Soviet forces and after massive German bombing raids that leave just 11 city buildings undamaged

1942 US air offensive against Nazi Germany begins
1944 1,100 US guns fire 4th of July salute at German lines in Normandy

1944 1st Japanese kamikaze attack, US fleet near Iwo Jima

1944 Allied assault on Carpiquet airport at Caen
1944 Gestapo arrests German Social Democrat Julius Leber
1945 Field Marshal Henry Maitland Wilson gives Britain’s agreement to use the atomic bomb against Japan at the Combined Policy Committee in Washington D. C.
1946 Anti Jewish riots in Kielce Poland, 42 die
1946 Philippines gains independence from US

President Manuel Roxas

1946 President Manuel Roxas inaugurated as the 5th President of the Philippines and the 1st President of an independent Philippines at the Independence Grandstand, Manila

1950 Boston Braves slugger Sid Gordon ties MLB season grand slam record (4) with a bases loaded hit vs Phillies
1950 Harry Truman signs public law 600 (Puerto Ricans write own constitution)
1950 The first broadcast by Radio Free Europe.
1952 Canadian Currency, Mint and Exchange Fund Act allows gold coins of $5, $10, and $20 to be minted
1953 Imre Nagy succeeds Matyas Rákosi as premier of Hungary
1954 Dr Sam Sheppard’s wife Marilyn is murdered (he is accused of the crime)
1954 FIFA World Cup Final, Wankdorf Stadium, Bern, Switzerland: Helmut Rahn scores twice as West Germany beats Hungary, 3-2
1954 Meat and all other food rationing officially ends in Britain, nine years after the end of World War II
1954 WMSL (WYUR, now WAFF) TV channel 48 in Huntsville, AL (ABC) begins
1956 Independence National Historical Park forms in Philadelphia
1956 US most intense rain fall (1.23″ in 1 minute) at Unionville Maryland
1957 Dutch 2nd Chamber accepts temporary tax increase
1959 America’s new 49-star flag honoring Alaska statehood unfurled
1959 Cayman Islands separated from Jamaica, made a crown colony
1959 Island Records founded in Jamaica
1960 America’s new 50-star flag honoring Hawaiian statehood unfurled

Baseball Record

1960 Yankees outfielder Mickey Mantle hits 3-run homer vs Washington, 18th MLB player to hit 300 HRs

1961 Walt Disney is one of the two main speakers on the Independence Day in The Rebuild Hills at Skørping in Denmark
1962 KIKU (now KHNL) TV channel 13 in Honolulu, HI (IND) 1st broadcast
1964 Beachboys’ “I Get Around” reaches #1

Freedom of Information Act

1966 LBJ signs Freedom of Information Act

Beatles Attacked

1966 The Beatles are attacked by an angry mob in the Philippines after unintentionally insulting First Lady Imelda Marcos by declining a state breakfast invitation

1967 Opening ceremony of Tassajara Zen Mountain Center

Indians

1968 Arthur Kopit‘s play “Indians” based on the life of Buffalo Bill Cody premieres in London with the Royal Shakespeare Company

1968 Radio astronomy satellite Explorer 38 launched
1969 “Give Peace a Chance” single by John Lennon & Plastic Ono Band is released in UK

1969 Severe wind event, the Ohio Fireworks Derecho kills 18 people in Ohio and destroys over 100 boats on Lake Erie
1969 USSR performs nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan
1970 100 injured in race rioting in Asbury Park, NJ

American Top 40 Debuts

1970 Casey Kasem‘s countdown radio program “American Top 40” debuts on Los Angeles radio

1970 Chartered Dan-Air Comet crashes into mountains north of Barcelona, Spain killing 112 vacationing Britons
1970 The Falls Road curfew in North Ireland, imposed by the British Army while searching for IRA weapons, continues throughout the day; a man is killed by the British Army
1971 France performs nuclear test at Mururoa Atoll
1972 The Royal Ulster Constabulary forward a file about the killings on ‘Bloody Sunday’ (30 January 1972) to the Director of Public Prosecutions for Northern Ireland

Absurd Person Singular

1973 Alan Ayckbourn‘s play “Absurd Person Singular,” makes its London debut

1973 CARICOM – Caribbean Community & Common Market, forms
1974 Mike Marshall goes 9-0 with 3 saves in 20 appearances in 30 days

Nancy Baird Disappears

1975 Ted Bundy victim Nancy Baird disappears from Layton, Utah

1976 Israel launches hostage rescue mission of 106 Air France crew and passengers held at Entebbe Airport in Uganda by pro-Palestinian hijackers. Three hostages die along with all the hijackers, numerous Ugandan soldiers and Yonatan Netanyahu, an Israeli soldier
1976 Opening ceremony of the Dai Bosatsu monastery Catskill Mt NY
1977 Nigel Harrison replaces Gary Valentine as bassist of Blondie
1977 Norman Lear’s late night television talk show parody “Fernwood 2-Night”, starring Martin Mull, Fred Willard, and Frank De Vol, debuts in syndication
1977 Red Sox end 9-game losing streak by smashing a MLB-record 8 HRs in a 9-6 win vs Toronto at Fenway Park
1978 Memphis fire fighters halt 3-day strike under a court order

Event of Interest

1979 Algerian ex-president Ahmed Ben Bella is freed after spending over a decade under house arrest

Baseball Record

1980 Nolan Ryan (Houston Astros) fans Reds’ Cesar Geronimo to become 4th pitcher to 3,000 MLB strikeouts

1982 4th NASA Space Shuttle Mission: Columbia 4 (STS-4) lands at Edwards AFB
1982 Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado elected president of Mexico
1982 USSR performs nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan

Baseball History

1983 NY Yankee pitcher Dave Righetti no-hits the Boston Red Sox, 4-0 at Yankee Stadium

Baseball Record

1984 New York Yankees pitcher Phil Niekro strikes out Larry Parish (Texas Rangers) to become the 9th player to reach the 3,000 MLB strikeout milestone