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Scientists Uncover New Concerns About Billion-Dollar Heart Drug

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Cardiology Heart PillsAn investigation has uncovered evidence of significant misreporting, raising new concerns about the approval and long-term use of ticagrelor over the past decade. In a follow-up investigation into the multibillion-dollar drug ticagrelor, The BMJ has identified new concerns, this time focusing on key platelet studies that supported the drug’s approval by the FDA. For over […]



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Could Recharging Brain Cells Be the Key to Treating MS?

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Doctor Examining MRI ScansUC Riverside study may lead to new treatments for multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects an estimated 2.3 million people around the world. About 80 percent of people with MS experience inflammation in the cerebellum, the part of the brain that controls movement and balance. This can lead to tremors, poor coordination, and difficulty with […]



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Scientists Reveal: What Makes a Smell Bad?

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Bad Smell NoseSmells trigger powerful emotional responses through specialized brain cells. These insights may improve sensory health. You wouldn’t microwave fish around your worst enemy. The smell lingers in both the kitchen and your memory. It’s a scent few people like, and even fewer associate with anything pleasant. But what makes our brains label a smell as […]



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Back façade of Gaudí’s Casa Batlló restored – The History Blog

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The back façade and courtyard of Antonio Gaudí’s iconic Casa Batlló in Barcelona has been restored to its original 1906 glory. Visitors to the building will now have the opportunity to see it the way Gaudí created it for the first time in more than a century.

Originally built in the late 19th century, the building was conventional and entirely unremarkable before textile tycoon Josep Batlló engaged Gaudí to remodel it. Between 1904 and 1906, he transformed the drab Victorian into an iridescent, curvilinear structure inspired by nature (coral reefs, marine animals, bones, mushrooms) and Saint George slaying the dragon, with the roof representing the dragon’s curved back and the tiles representing its scales.

While the front façade was a fantastical showpiece of Catalonian Modernisme (Barcelona’s version of Art Nouveau), the back was a private space. The Batlló family’s dining room on the Noble Floor opened up onto courtyard. It was conceived as a vertical garden, the architectural version of a flowering climbing vine like wisteria whose branches spread over a surface and connect to each other in an explosion of colorful blooms. The undulating balconies evoke the vine motif, while the courtyard featured bespoke jardinières full of plants and a unique parabolic heather pergola to create a soft, shaded backyard for the family to enjoy.

Gaudí’s original design of the back of the building didn’t even survive unscathed for a decade. Major modifications began in 1915 when the planters and the pergola were removed, and later additions obscured the original character of the rear façade even as the front became an icon of Barcelona, a top tourist destination and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Partial restorations in the 1950s and 1990s failed to recover what was lost, and the balconies and courtyard were in need of urgent repair.

The year-long, 3.5 million euro project is the first comprehensive approach to restoring Gaudí’s original vision for the back. The trencadís, mosaics made from broken ceramic tiles, glass and stucco that are one of Gaudí’s most recognizable signatures, on the sides and crown of the façade were cleaned and repaired, as were the ones on the courtyard walls. The planters and parabolic heather pergola that covered the center of the courtyard were recreated, and the mosaic paving was replicated by craftspeople using traditional techniques. The intricate wrought iron railings, mosaic floors, carved wooden windows and French doors of the balconies have all been restored.

The interventions seem to foster a dialogue between the building’s past and present through a particular focus on materiality. Over 85,000 pieces of Nolla mosaic, originally laid at the start of the nineteenth century in the courtyard, have been restored or replicated by hand, using enhanced materials to ensure durability outdoors. The trencadís mosaics, Antoni Gaudí’s signature patchwork of ceramics and glass, were largely preserved in situ where possible, or carefully reproduced using 3D scans and high-resolution archival imagery, keeping their original patterns intact.

Ironwork, including railings and pergola structures, has been restored by Enric Pla Montferrer’s workshop in Alpens. Where previous repairs had introduced welds, the team reinstated Gaudí’s original bolted modular system that was discovered thanks to original construction markings found on site. During the restoration, the team found that even the hidden structure supporting the balconies revealed surprises, such as a spiraling system of brick and reinforced vaults, radical for its time, and undocumented until this recent intervention.

Wooden elements, from the original muntins to balcony doors, were restored or recreated by heritage carpenter Josep Bartolí. Crucially, the original hues — long buried under decades of repainting — were uncovered through stratigraphic analysis, revealing a palette that echoes the green tones of Casa Batlló’s main facade. The stucco too revealed a dramatic shift from a bold black that had faded to a warm cream, reshaping how the entire rear facade is perceived in contrast to the theatrical flourish the building is otherwise celebrated for.

The work of the traditional artisans over the course of the restoration has been documented and recorded to give visitors to the building a glimpse into the complex restoration and Gaudí’s original techniques.



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Famous Deaths on June 29

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  • 1022 Notker Labeo, German Benedictine monk (wrote on Aristotle at Saint Gall Abbey), dies at about 72 [exact birthday unknown, born c. 950]
  • 1059 Bernard II, Duke of Saxony
  • 1252 King Abel of Denmark (b. 1218)
  • 1293 Hendrik van Gent, Flemish neo-Augustian philosopher and theologist, dies
  • 1306 Musho [Hokai], Zen teacher (found subtemple at Jochiji), dies
  • 1315 Ramon Llull, Spanish philosopher, dies at about 79 [date disputed, some sources say 1316; exact birth date unknown, born c. 1235] [1]
  • 1458 Mapheus Vegius [Maffeo Vegio], Italian lawyer, humanist and poet, dies
  • 1509 Margaret Beaufort, English mother of Henry VII and paternal grandmother of King Henry VIII, foundered two Cambridge Colleges, dies at 66
  • 1620 John Aerts, Flemish sculptor
  • 1696 Michel Lambert, French composer, dies at about 86
  • 1725 Arai Hakuseki, Japanese Confucian scholar and shogunal adviser, dies at 68 [1]
  • 1764 Ralph Allen, English businessman and politician (b. 1693)
  • 1779 Anton Raphael Mengs, German Bohemian painter and one of the precursors to Neoclassical painting, dies at 51
  • 1784 Caesar Rodney, American judge and Founding Father (signed US Declaration of Independence), dies at 55 [1]
  • 1790 Feike Van de Crew, Fries writer (Mayke Jakkelis), dies
  • 1798 Kaat Mussel [Catharina Mulder], Dutch political protester in Rotterdam (orangism), dies at 75

  • 1818 Carl Philipp Fohr, German painter and cartoonist, dies at 22
  • 1820 Florido Toméoni, Italian composer, and playwright, dies at 55
  • 1840 Lucien Bonaparte, Corsican-French prince of Canino and Musignano (younger brother of Napoleon Bonaparte), dies of cancer at 65
  • 1841 Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of Hanover as the wife of King Ernest Augustus (1837-41), dies at 63

Henry Clay

  • 1860 Thomas Addison, English physician (A-Biermer Disease), dies at 67

British poet and writer (“How Do I Love thee”), dies at 55

Elizabeth Barrett Browning

  • 1873 Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Bengali poet (b. 1824)
  • 1875 Ferdinand I, Emperor of Austria (1835-48), dies at 82
  • 1880 George Willem Vreede, Dutch lawyer and politician, dies at 71
  • 1888 John Baillie McIntosh, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), dies at 59
  • 1895 Thomas Henry Huxley, English biologist (comparative anatomy), dies at 70
  • 1900 Ivan Pervushin, Russian mathematician (number theory), dies at 73
  • 1903 Rentaro Taki, Japanese pianist and composer, dies at 23
  • 1904 Tom Emmett, England cricket fast bowler (7 Tests, famous roundarm action), dies at 62
  • 1909 George Blake Cosby, American Confederate Army general, dies at 79
  • 1917 Frans Schollaert, Belgian Catholic Party politician and 19th Prime Minister of Belgium (1908-11), dies at 65
  • 1919 José Gregorio Hernández Venezuelan physician (b. 1864)
  • 1921 Jennie Spencer-Churchill, American society beauty and mother of Winston Churchill, dies after complications from an amputation at 67
  • 1921 Otto Seeck German classical historian (b. 1850)
  • 1923 Fritz Mauthner, German author and philosopher (skepticism), dies at 73
  • 1923 Gustave Kerker, German-American composer for Broadway musicals (The Belle of New York), dies at 66
  • 1923 Juan C. Gomez, Venezuelan General, 1st Vice-President and brother of Dictator Juan Vicente Gomez, assassinated in bed
  • 1930 Elisabeth Franziska of Austria, Austrian Archduchess, dies of pneumonia at 38
  • 1931 Nérée Beauchemin, Canadian physician and poet (Trois-Rivières), dies at 81
  • 1933 Roscoe “Fatty” Arbuckle, American actor (The Bell Boy, Moonshine, Keystone comedies), dies from a heart attack at 46
  • 1935 Jack O’Neill, American baseball player (b. 1873)
  • 1940 Paul Klee, Swiss-German painter and educator at the Bauhaus, dies at 60

Ignacy Jan Paderewski

  • 1944 Chick Henderson [Henderson Rowntree], British dance band vocalist (Joe Loss Orchestra – “Begin the Beguine”), killed in action while serving in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, at 31
  • 1946 Frank Hadow, British tennis player (Wimbledon 1878; first exponent of the lob), dies at 91
  • 1949 Walter Giffen, Australian cricketer “one of the worst Test batsmen of all time” (brother of George, 3 Tests), dies at 87
  • 1953 Jules van Nuffel, Belgian composer, priest, and musicologist (Nova Organi Harmonia), dies at 70
  • 1955 Max Pechstein, German painter and graphic artist (Oceania), dies at 73
  • 1956 Max Emmerich, American athlete and gymnast (Olympic gold, triathlon 1904), dies at 77
  • 1957 Johan Hin, Dutch yachtsman (Olympic gold 12′ Dinghy 1920), dies at 58
  • 1958 Charles Spencelayh, English painter (Why War), dies at 92
  • 1958 George Gunn, English cricket batsman (15 Tests, 2 x 100, 7 x 50, HS 122no; Nottinghamshire CCC), dies at 79
  • 1959 A. Cecil Snyder, American lawyer and Chief Justice of Puerto Rico, dies at 51
  • 1960 Frank Patrick, Canadian Hockey HOF pioneer (Stanley Cup 1915 Vancouver Millionaires; introduced uniform numbers, blue line, penalty shots) and coach (Boston Bruins 1934-36), dies at 74
  • 1964 Eric Dolphy, American jazz saxophone, bass clarinet, and flute player, dies of insulin shock at 36
  • 1964 Milenko Živković, Serbian composer, conductor, and pedagogue, dies at 63
  • 1965 Joseph Ryelandt, Belgian composer (Christus Rex – Christ the King), dies at 95
  • 1965 Sidney Marion, American actor (Outlaws is Coming, Quicksand), dies at 64
  • 1966 Arthur Meulemans, Belgian composer, dies at 82
  • 1966 Isabel Dawn, American screenwriter, dies at 68
  • 1966 Ronald Shiner, British actor (Dry Rot, Carry on Admiral, Keep it Clean, Aunt Clara), dies at 63

Jayne Mansfield

  • 1967 Oskar Maria Graf, German-American writer (Wir sind Gefangene (We Are Prisoners)), dies at 72

Italian boxer (World Heavyweight Champion 1933-34), dies of alcohol-related liver disease at 60

Primo Carnera

  • 1968 Kitty Kelly, American actress (Ladies of Jury, Behind Office Doors), dies at 66
  • 1968 Paddy Driscoll, American NFL quarterback and coach (Arizona Cardinals, Chicago Bears), dies at 73
  • 1969 (Frederick) “Shorty” Long, American soul singer and pianist (“Here Comes The Judge”; “Devil In A Blue Dress”), dies in a boating accident at 29
  • 1969 Moïse Tshombe, Congolese politician (President of the Democratic Republic of Congo 1964-5), dies at 49
  • 1969 Veselin Stoyanov, Bulgarian composer and pedagogue, dies at 67
  • 1970 Roman Ingarden, Polish philosopher (Studia philosophica), dies at 77
  • 1970 Stefan Andres, German writer (Wir sind Utopia), dies at 64
  • 1971 Néstor Mesta Cháyres, Mexican lyric tenor, dies of a heart attack ay 63
  • 1973 Tin-Tan [Germán Valdés], Mexican actor, singer and comedian (Spanish dubbing of The Jungle Book, The Aristocats), dies from cancer at 57
  • 1975 Jerry Verno, British actor (River of Unrest, Ourselves Alone, Sweeney Todd), dies at 79
  • 1975 Tim Buckley, American singer-songwriter (Song to the Siren), dies of a heroin overdose at 28
  • 1976 Christos Papakyriakopoulos, Greek mathematician, dies at 62
  • 1976 Leonora Summers [Lillian Hill], American vaudeville and silent film actress [Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ; Hoboken To Hollywood), dies at 78
  • 1977 Anton Hildebrand, Dutch children’s book writer (Monus), dies at 70
  • 1977 Magda Lupescu, Romanian mistress then consort of King Carol II of Romania, dies at about 81
  • 1978 Bob Crane, American DJ and actor (Hogan’s Heroes; The Donna Reed Show), murdered at 49
  • 1979 Ben Barnett, Australian cricketer (4 Tests for Australia 1938), dies at 71
  • 1979 Lowell George, American rock vocalist and guitarist (Mothers of Invention; Little Feat), dies at 34
  • 1981 Russell Drysdale, Australian artist who won the Wynne Prize for his painting Sofala, dies at 69
  • 1982 Gerard Knuvelder, Dutch literary historian (Anthology), dies at 80
  • 1982 Pierre Balmain, French fashion designer (Balmain), dies at 68
  • 1986 Dusolina Giannini, Italian-American dramatic soprano (New York Metropolitan Opera, 1935-42), and teacher, dies at 83
  • 1986 Ida Mae McKenzie, American actress, dies at 75
  • 1986 Jack Christiansen, American NFL football player. 1951-58 (Detroit Lions – 3 x Champion, 5 X Pro Bowl), NFL and college coach (San Francisco 49ers, Stanford University), dies after surgical complications at 57
  • 1986 John P. East, American politician (Sen-R-NC), dies at 55
  • 1986 Robert Drivas [Choromokos], American stage and screen actor (Cool Hand Luke; Illustrated Man; Our Private World), and theater director, dies of AIDS complications at 50
  • 1987 Elizabeth Cotten, American folk and blues guitarist and songwriter (“Freight Train”, “Shake Sugaree”), dies at 94
  • 1989 Keith Chapman, American organist (Wanamaker Grand Court, 1966-89), dies in a plane crash at 43
  • 1990 Irving Wallace, American author (Book of Lists, Peoples Almanac), dies at 74
  • 1991 Richard “Groove” Holmes, American jazz organist (Misty), dies of cancer at 60
  • 1992 Mohamed Boudiaf, Algerian political leader, co-founder of the National Liberation Front, assassinated while President at 73
  • 1992 Pierre Billotte, French military officer (Battle for France WWII), dies at 86
  • 1993 Héctor Lavoe [Pérez], Puerto Rican salsa singer dies of complications from AIDS at 46
  • 1994 Kurt Eichhorn, German conductor, dies at 85
  • 1994 Ray Crane, English trumpeter, dies at 63

American pin-up model and actress (Peyton Place; The Postman Always Rings Twice; Imitation of Life), dies of cancer at 74

Lana Turner

  • 1995 Roy Rowland, American film director, dies at 84
  • 1996 Alexander George Ogston, British biochemist, and educator (professor at Australian National University, 1959-70; president of Trinity College – Oxford, 1970-78), dies at 85
  • 1996 Bobby Keetch, English footballer and entrepreneur, dies at 54
  • 1996 Pamela Mason [Ostrer], British actress, author and talk-show host (Lady Possessed), dies of heart failure at 78
  • 1997 William Hickey, American actor (Prizzi’s Honor, The Nightmare Before Christmas), dies of emphysema at 69
  • 1998 Horst Jankowski, German jazz and easy listening pianist (“A Walk In The Black Forest”), dies of lung cancer at 62
  • 1998 Louis Hostin, French weightlifter (Olympic gold 1932, 36), dies at 90
  • 1999 Allan Carr, American film producer and director (Grease, Happiest Millionaire), dies at 62
  • 1999 Anita Carter, American country music singer, multi-instrumentalist (“Ring of Fire”), and songwriter, dies at 66
  • 2000 Arnie Weinmeister, Canadian Pro Football Hall of Fame defensive tackle (Pro Bowl 1950–53; First-team All-Pro 1950–53; NY Yankees, NY Giants; BC Lions), dies at 77
  • 2000 Coen Flink, Dutch actor (Pastorale 1943, Havinck, Honneponnetje), dies at 68
  • 2000 Il Mattatore [Vittorio Gassman], Italian actor, director and screenwriter (Scent of a Woman, War & Peace), dies at 77
  • 2000 John Aspinall, English zoo owner (Howletts; Port Lympne), and gambling club host, dies of cancer at 74
  • 2002 François Périer [Pillu], French actor (Gervaise, Fantasia, Les Mains Sales), dies at 82
  • 2002 Ole-Johan Dahl, Norwegian computer scientist (b. 1931)
  • 2002 Rosemary Clooney, American singer (“Come On-a My House”) and actress (White Christmas), dies of lung cancer at 74

Katharine Hepburn

  • 2004 Bernard Babior, American physician and biochemist, dies at 68
  • 2006 Fabián Bielinsky, Argentinean film director (b. 1959)
  • 2006 Lloyd Richards, Canadian-American theaterical director (Joe Turner’s Come and Gone), dies at 87
  • 2006 Randy Walker, American football fullback (Miami University) and coach (Miami University 1990-98, Northwestern University 1999-2005), dies of a heart attack at 52
  • 2007 Edward Yang, Taiwanese film director (Yi Yi), dies of cancer at 59
  • 2007 Fred Saberhagen, American sci-fi author (Book of Swords; Berserker stories), dies of prostate cancer at 77
  • 2007 George McCorkle, American guitarist (Marshall Tucker Band), dies of cancer at 59
  • 2007 Joel Siegel, American film critic for Good Morning America, dies of cancer at 63
  • 2008 Don S. Davis, American actor and artist (b. 1942)
  • 2009 Joe Bowman (marksman), American sharpshooter, Hollywood consultant, famed bootmaker & master showman (b. 1925)
  • 2011 R. C. Alston, British bibliographer, dies at 78
  • 2014 John Freeland, Legal advisor UK foreign office and judge at the European Court of Human Rights, dies at 86
  • 2014 Paul Horn, American jazz and new age flautist, saxophonist, composer and producer (Inside), dies at 84
  • 2015 Glenn Ford, American freed death row inmate (wrongly spent 30 years in prison), dies at 65
  • 2015 Josef Masopust, Czech soccer midfielder (63 caps Czechoslovakia; Dukla Prague 386 games) and manager (Czechoslovakia, Dukla Prague, Zbrojovka Brno, Hasselt, FK Pelikán Děčín), dies at 85
  • 2016 Elechi Amadi, Nigerian novelist (The Concubine), dies at 82
  • 2016 Inocente Carreño, Venezuelan composer (Margariteña), and pedagogue (Prudencio Esáa, 1970-90), dies at 96
  • 2016 Rob Wasserman, American jazz and rock double bassist, and composer (RatDog; Duets), dies at 64
  • 2018 Arvid Carlsson, Swedish neuropharmacologist whose work with dopamine to treat Parkinson’s disease earned him a Nobel Prize (2000), dies at 95
  • 2018 Irina Szewińska, Polish athlete, administrator (Olympic various sprint gold 1964, 68, 76), dies of cancer at 72
  • 2018 Liliane Montevecchi, French-Italian actress, dancer, and singer (Nine, Grand Hotel), dies of colon cancer at 85
  • 2018 Steve Ditko, American comic artist (The Amazing Spider-Man, Doctor Strange), dies at 90
  • 2019 Gary Duncan [Grubb], American guitarist (Quicksilver Messenger Service), dies of cardiac arrest at 72

Carl Reiner

  • 2020 Ernesto Marcel, Panamanian boxer (WBA featherweight title 1972-74), dies at 72
  • 2020 Hachalu Hundessa, Ethiopian singer songwriter (Waa’ee Keenyaa), shot and killed at 34
  • 2021 Carlos Vilar, Argentine sailor (Snipe World Championships gold 1948, 51), dies from COVID-19 at 91
  • 2021 Donald Rumsfeld, American politician (US Congress, 1963-69; Nixon Whitehouse, 1969-74; Secretary of Defense, 1975-77 & 2001-06), dies at 88
  • 2021 Goolam Rajah, South African cricket administrator (manager RSA national team 1991-2011), dies from COVID-19 at 74
  • 2021 John Lawton, British rock singer (Lucifer’s Friend, 1970-76, 1981-82, 2014–21; Uriah Heep, 1977-79), dies at 74
  • 2021 Stuart Damon [Zonis], American stage and screen actor (General Hospital, 1977-2007 – “Dr. Alan Quartermaine”), dies of kidney failure at 84
  • 2021 Yitzhak “Vicky” Peretz, Israeli soccer striker (40 caps; Maccabi Tel Aviv, Strasbourg, Rennes), dies at 68
  • 2023 Alan Arkin, American Tony and Academy Award-winning actor (The Russians Are Coming, The Russians Are Coming; Wait Until Dark; Catch-22; The In-Laws; Little Miss Sunshine), and director, dies of heart failure at 89 [1]
  • 2024 Doug Sheehan, American actor (Knots Landing, 1983-87 – “Ben”: General Hospital, 1979-82 – “Joe Kelly”), dies at 75

June 29 Highlights

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Famous Birthdays on June 29

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  • 1318 Yusuf I [al-Muayyad billah], ruler of Granada (1333-54), born in The Alhambra, Granada (d. 1354)
  • 1326 Murad I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1362-89), born in Bursa, Ottoman Beylik (d. 1389)
  • 1397 John II, King of Aragon and Navarre, born in Medina del Campo, Spain (d. 1479)
  • 1398 John II of Aragon, King of Aragon (1458-79), King of Navarre (1425-79) and King of Sicily (1458-68), born in Medina del Campo, Castile (d. 1479)
  • 1482 Maria of Aragon, queen of Portugal (1500-17), born in Córdoba, Kingdom of Castile (d. 1517)
  • 1517 Rembert Dodoens [Rembert Van Joenckema], Flemish physician and botanist, born in Mechelen, Spanish Netherlands (d. 1585)
  • 1596 Go-Mizunoo [Kotohito], 108th Emperor of Japan (1611-29) and first of the Edo period, born in Kyōto, Japan (d. 1680)
  • 1620 Masaniello [Tommaso Aniello], Italian fisherman and leader of the 1647 Naples revolt against the rule of Habsburg Spain, born in Naples, Kingdom of Naples, Spanish Empire (now Italy) (d. 1647)
  • 1738 Constantin Reindl, German composer, born in Jettenhofen, Electorate of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1799)
  • 1783 August Alexander Klengel, German pianist and composer, born in Dresden, Electorate of Saxony, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1852)
  • 1798 Giacomo Leopardi, Italian poet and philosopher (The Poems of Leopardi), born in Recanati, Italy (d. 1837)
  • 1803 John Newton Brown, American publisher and Baptist teacher, born in New London, Connecticut (d. 1868)
  • 1805 Hiram Powers, American sculptor (Greek Slave), born in Woodstock, Vermont (d. 1873)
  • 1816 Jacob van Zuylen van Nijevelt, Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs (1852-53), born in Dordrecht, Netherlands (d. 1890)
  • 1831 William Thomas Clark, American politician and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Norwalk, Connecticut (d. 1905)
  • 1842 Josef Labor, Austrian composer, born in Hořovice, Kingdom of Bohemia (d. 1924)

  • 1849 Sergei Witte, 1st Prime Minister of Russia (1905-06), born in Tiflis, Caucasus Viceroyalty, Russian Empire (d. 1915)
  • 1850 Joseph Paul Skelly, Irish-American composer and songwriter (“I Should Say So!”; “Little Darling, Dream of Me”), born in Ireland (d. 1895)
  • 1858 George Washington Goethals, American army general and civil engineer who supervised the construction of the Panama Canal, born in Brooklyn, New York (d. 1928)
  • 1861 William James Mayo, American surgeon and co-founder (Mayo Clinic in Minnesota), born in Le Sueur, Minnesota (d. 1939)
  • 1863 James Harvey Robinson, American historian (Ordeal of Civilization), born in Bloomington, Illinois (d. 1936)
  • 1864 Anton Beer-Walbrun, German composer, born in Kohlberg, Kingdom of Württemberg (d. 1929)
  • 1864 Ashutosh Mukherjee, Bengali educator, jurist, barrister and mathematician described as the “Banglar Bagh” (Tiger of Bengal), born in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India (d. 1924)
  • 1864 Pietro Bonfante, Italian lawyer (Roman law) and historian, born in Poggio Mirteto, Italy (d. 1932)
  • 1864 Wilbert Robinson, American Baseball HOF catcher (Philadelphia A’s, Baltimore Orioles, St. Louis Cardinals) and manager (Baltimore Orioles, Brooklyn Robins), born in Bolton, Massachusetts (d. 1934)
  • 1865 Shigechiyo Izumi, once thought to be the world’s oldest man ever but birth date now disputed (120 y 237 d), born in Isen, Tokunoshima, Satsuma Domain, Japan (d. 1986)
  • 1865 William E. Borah, American lawyer and politician (Republican U.S. Senator from Idaho), born in Fairfield, Illinois (d. 1940)
  • 1868 George Ellery Hale, American astronomer (discovery of magnetic fields in sunspot), born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1938)
  • 1870 Joseph Carl Breil, American lyric tenor, and composer – one of the first to write for film (Les amours de la reine Élisabeth; Birth of a Nation; Intolerance), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (d. 1926)
  • 1873 Leo Frobenius, German ethnologist and archaeologist (African cultures), born in Berlin, Germany (d. 1938)
  • 1874 Georg Göhler, German composer (Rückert), born in Zwickau, German Empire (d. 1954)

  • 1876 Nellie Tayloe Ross, American educator, politician, 1st woman to serve as a governor (Wyoming, 1925-27), and administrator (Director of US Mint, 1933-53), born in Saint Joseph, Missouri (d. 1977)

American MLB team owner (Boston Red Sox), born in Peoria, Illinois

Harry Frazee

  • 1880 Ludwig Beck, German general (July 20th plot), born in Biebrich, Germany (d. 1944)
  • 1881 Curt Sachs, German musicologist, born in Berlin, Germany (d. 1959)
  • 1884 Francis Brett Young, British physician and writer (White Ladies), born in Halesowen, England (d. 1954)
  • 1885 André Gailhard, French classical music composer, born in Paris, France (d. 1966)
  • 1885 Virginia Pope, American fashion editor (New York Times), born in Chicago (d. 1978)
  • 1886 George Frederick Boyle, Australian-American composer, born in Sydney, Australia (d. 1948)
  • 1886 James Van Der Zee, African-American photographer, born in Lenox, Massachusetts (d. 1983)
  • 1886 Juliane Gabriels, Belgian physician and art historian who was one of the first female doctors in Belgium (Artus Quellin the Elder, Flemish Sculpture), born in Ghent, Belgium (d. 1958) [1]
  • 1886 Robert Schuman, Luxembourg-born French statesman and Prime Minister of France (1947-48), born in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg (d. 1963)
  • 1888 Joseph “Squizzy” Taylor, Australian gangster, born in Brighton, Victoria (d. 1927)
  • 1889 Willie Macfarlane, Scottish golfer (US Open 1925), born in Aberdeen, Scotland (d. 1961)
  • 1893 Aarre Merikanto, Finnish composer (Lemminkäinen; Juha; Schott Concerto), and educator, born in Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland (d. 1958)
  • 1893 Antoon Schweigmann, Dutch religious poet and resistance fighter, born in Leeuwarden, Netherlands (d. 1945)

Indian scientist and applied statistician (Mahalanobis distance), whose birthdate is celebrated annually in India as “National Statistics Day”, born in Calcutta, Bengal, British India

Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis

  • 1896 Harold Gilligan, English cricket batsman (4 Tests; captain 1929-30 Tour of NZ), born in Shamley Green, England (d. 1978)
  • 1896 Irene Browne, British actress (All at Sea, Peg O’ My Heart), born in London, England (d. 1965)
  • 1897 Fulgence Charpentier, French Canadian journalist, born in Sainte-Anne-de-Prescott, Ontario, Canada (d. 2001)
  • 1897 Ottmar Gerster, German composer (rector of the Liszt Music Academy in Weimar), born in Braunfels, Germany (d. 1969)
  • 1899 Lester Vail, American actor (Dance Fools Dance, Consolation Marriage), born in Denver, Colorado (d. 1959)

French writer, poet and pioneering aviator (The Little Prince), born in Lyon, France

Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

  • 1901 Frieda Inescort, Scottish-American stage and screen actress (Hay Fever; Pride and Prejudice (1940)), born in Edinburgh, Scotland (d. 1976)
  • 1901 Hendrik Diels, Flemish conductor, born in Antwerp, Belgium (d. 1974)
  • 1901 Nelson Eddy, American baritone (duets with Jeanette MacDonald), born in Providence, Rhode Island (d. 1967)
  • 1902 Carl-Heinz Schroth, German actor and director (Reaching for the Stars), born in Innsbruck, Austria (d. 1989)
  • 1902 Ellen Clara Pollock, British-German actress (Wicked Lady, Horror Hospital), born in Heidelberg, Germany (d. 1997)
  • 1903 Alan Blumlein, English electronics engineer, born in Hampstead, London (d. 1942)
  • 1905 Alphaeus Hamilton Zulu, Anglican bishop of Zululand and Swaziland, born in South Africa (d. 1988)
  • 1905 Herb Vigran, American character actor (The Ed Wynn Show – “Ernie”; Gunsmoke – “Judge Brooker”; The Jack Benny Program), born in Cincinnati, Ohio (d. 1986)
  • 1905 Manuel Altolaguirre, Spanish poet and publisher (La lenta libertad), born in Málaga, Spain (d. 1959)
  • 1906 Ivan Chernyakhovsky, Russian general (youngest ever Soviet general of the army), born in Uman, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire (d. 1945)
  • 1907 Paul O’Dwyer, Irish-American politician and President of City Council (D-NYC), born in Bohola, County Mayo, Ireland (d. 1998)
  • 1908 Leroy Anderson, American composer (Syncopated Clock), born in Cambridge, Massachusetts (d. 1975)
  • 1908 Paul Lebeau, Flemish writer (Last Rose, Xanthippe), born in Borgerhout, Flanders, Belgium (d. 1982)
  • 1908 Rene Gerber, Swiss composer, born in Travers, Switzerland (d. 2006)
  • 1910 Burgess Whitehead, American baseball player (New York Giants), born in Tarboro, North Carolina (d. 1993)

American songwriter and composer (Guys And Dolls; “Baby, It’s Cold Outside”; The Most Happy Fella), born in New York City

Frank Loesser

  • 1911 Bernard Herrmann [Maximillian Herman], American radio and Academy Award-winning film score composer (Mercury Theatre on the Air; Citizen Kane; Vertigo; Psycho; Taxi Driver), and conductor, born in New York City (d. 1975)
  • 1911 Bernhard, German Prince (Consort to Queen Juliana of Netherlands), born in Jena, Germany (d. 2004)
  • 1912 Émile Peynaud, French oenologist, born in Madiran, Gers, France (d. 2004)
  • 1912 Joan Davis [Josephine Davis], American comic radio and screen actress (I Married Joan; The Rudy Vallee Show), born in Saint Paul, Minnesota (d. 1961)
  • 1912 John Toland, American political writer (Rising Sun, Pulitzer 1971), born in La Crosse, Wisconsin (d. 2004)
  • 1912 José Pablo Moncayo, Mexican composer (Huapango), born in Guadalajara, Mexico (d. 1958)
  • 1914 Christos Papakyriakopoulos, Greek mathematician, born in Chalandri, Athens, Greece (d. 1976)
  • 1914 Ellen Kuzwayo, South African member of parliament (ANC) and noted writer (“Call me Woman”), born in Thaba-Nchu, Orange Free State (d. 2006)
  • 1914 Rafael Kubelik, Czech conductor (Cornelia Farooli), born in Býchory, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary (d. 1996)
  • 1916 David Donaldson, Painter and Limner to Her Majesty the Queen in Scotland, born in Chryston, Lanarkshire, Scotland (d. 1996)
  • 1916 Ruth Warrick, American actress (Citizen Kane; All My Children, 1970-2005 – “Phoebe”), civil rights and political activist, born in Saint Joseph, Missouri (d. 2005)
  • 1918 Jack Harkness, British rose breeder (Harkness Roses), born in England (d. 1994)
  • 1919 Lloyd Richards, Canadian-American theaterical director (Joe Turner’s Come and Gone), born in Toronto, Ontario (d. 2006)
  • 1919 Slim Pickens [Louis Burton Lindley Jr], American rodeo performer and actor (Dr Strangelove; Blazing Saddles), born in Kingsburg, California (d. 1983)
  • 1920 Ray Harryhausen, American movie special effect artist (Clash of Titans), born in Los Angeles, California (d. 2013)
  • 1921 Frédéric Dard, French writer (San-Antonio), born in Bourgoin-Jallieu, Isère, France (d. 2000)
  • 1922 Vasko Popa, Yugoslavia-Serbian poet (Heaven is a Side Issue), born in Grebenac, Vojvodina, Yugoslavia (d. 1991)
  • 1923 Chou Wen-chung, Chinese-American composer (Mode of Shang), born in Yantai, Shandong, China (d. 2019)
  • 1923 Ronnie Ronalde [Ronald Charles Waldron], British entertainer and world-famous whistler, born in London (d. 2015)
  • 1924 Ezra Laderman, American composer (Jacob and the Indians), born in New York City (d. 2015)
  • 1924 Flo Sandon’s [Mammola Sadon], Italian jazz and pop singer (Sanremo Music Festival, 1953 – “Viale d’autunno”), born in Vicenza, Italy (d. 2006)
  • 1925 Cara Williams, American actress (Pete & Gladys, Cara Williams Show), born in Brooklyn, New York (d. 2021)
  • 1925 Giorgio Napolitano, Italian politician, President of Italy (2006-15), born in Naples, Kingdom of Italy (d. 2023)
  • 1925 Hale Smith, American classical and jazz pianist, arranger, and composer (Toussaint L’Ouverture; Dialogues and Commentaries), born in Cleveland, Ohio (d. 2009)
  • 1926 Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait, born in Kuwait City (d. 2006)
  • 1926 Rex Hunt, British diplomat and Governor of the Falkland Islands (1982-1985), born in Redcar, North Yorkshire, England (d. 2012)
  • 1928 Ian Bannen, Scottish character actor (Eye of the Needle, Gorky Park), born in Airdrie, Lanarkshire, Scotland (d. 1999)
  • 1929 Alexandre Lagoya, Greek-Italian-French classical guitarist and composer, born in Alexandria, Egypt (d. 1999)
  • 1929 John McClure, American Grammy Award-winning classical record producer, born in Rahway, New Jersey (d. 2014)
  • 1929 Leigh Snowden [Martha Lee Estes], American actress (All That Heaven Allows), born in Covington, Tennessee (d. 1982)
  • 1929 Mamiya Michio, Japanese composer (Narukami), born in Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
  • 1929 Pat Crawford Brown, American actress (Desperate Housewives – “Ida”; General Hospital), born in New York City (d. 2019)
  • 1929 Paul Webb, American college basketball coach (Randolph–Macon College 1956-75, Old Dominion University 1975-85), born in Petersburg, Virginia (d. 2023)
  • 1929 Pete George, American weightlifter (Olympic gold middle-heavyweight 1952, silver 1948, 56), born in Akron, Ohio (d. 2021)

Robert Evans

  • 1930 Viola Léger, American-Canadian stage and screen actress (La Sagouine), and politician (Canadian Senate, 2001-05), born in Fitchburg, Massachusetts (d. 2023)
  • 1931 Ed Gilbert, American actor (The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew Mysteries), born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1999)
  • 1933 Bob Shaw, American baseball player (Chicago White Sox), born in Bronx, New York (d. 2010)
  • 1933 John Bradshaw, American theologian, born in Houston, Texas (d. 2016)
  • 1934 Henning Kronstam, Danish dancer, born in Copenhagen, Denmark (d. 1995)
  • 1935 Johnnie Richardson, American R&B musician (Johnnie & Joe), born in Montgomery, Alabama (d. 1988)
  • 1935 Katsuya Nomura, Japanese baseball catcher and manager (first NPB batter to win Triple Crown 1965; Nankai Hawks), born in Kyōtango Kyoto, Japan (d. 2020)
  • 1936 David Jenkins, American figure skater (Olympic gold singles 1960; World C’ship gold singles 1957-59), born in Akron, Ohio

American Baseball HOF utility (13 × MLB All-Star; AL MVP 1969; 6 × AL HR leader; Washington Senators, Minnesota Twins), born in Payette, Idaho

Harmon Killebrew

  • 1936 Kigeli V, last King of Rwanda (1959-61), born in Kamembe, Rwanda (d. 2016)
  • 1936 Leonard Lee, American vocalist (Shirley & Lee – “Let The Good Times Roll”), born in New Orleans, Louisiana (d. 1976)
  • 1937 Joel Habener, American physician-scientist who discovered the role of GLP-1 in diabetes and obesity, born in Indianapolis, Indiana [1] [2]
  • 1938 Billy Storm [Spicer], American singer (Valiants – “This Is The Night”), born in Dayton, Ohio (d. 2000)
  • 1939 Alan Connolly, Australian cricket fast bowler (29 Tests, 102 wickets; Victoria), born in Skipton, Australia
  • 1939 Ron Headley, West Indian cricket batsman (2 Tests; son of WI great George Headley; Worcestershire), born in Kingston, Jamaica
  • 1939 Sante Gaiardoni, Italian cyclist (Olympic gold 1000m time trial, 1000m sprint 1960; UCI Track World C’ship gold 1960, 63), born in Villafranca di Verona, Italy (d. 2023)
  • 1940 John Dawes, Welsh rugby union centre (22 caps Wales, 4 caps British & Irish Lions; London Welsh; Barbarians), born in Abercarn, Wales (d. 2021)
  • 1940 Louise Groenman, Dutch director and politician (D66), born in Meppel, Netherlands
  • 1940 Nancy Ramey, American swimmer (WR 100m butterfly 1:09.1 1959; 200m butterfly 2:40.5 1958; Olympic silver 100m butterfly 1956), born in Seattle, Washington
  • 1940 Vyacheslav Artyomov, Russian composer, born in Moscow, Russia, USSR
  • 1941 John Boccabella, American baseball player (Chicago Cubs), born in San Francisco, California
  • 1941 Kwame Toure [Stokely Carmichael], American activist (Black Power movement), born in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago (d. 1998)
  • 1941 Margitta Gummel-Helmbold, German track & field athlete (Olympic gold GDR women’s shot put 1968), born in Magdeburg, Germany (d. 2021)
  • 1942 Larry Snyder, American Thoroughbred horse racing jockey (US Champion Jockey by wins 1969; George Woolf Memorial Jockey Award 1989), born in Toledo, Ohio (d. 2018)
  • 1942 Mike Willesee, Australian television presenter (This Day Tonight), born in Perth, Australia (d. 2019)

American pop singer (“The Loco-motion”; “Keep Your Hands Off My Baby”), born in Belhaven, North Carolina

Little Eva

  • 1943 Pedro Pablo León, Peruvian soccer forward (49 caps; Alianza Lima), born in Lima, Peru (d. 2020)
  • 1943 Roger Ruskin Spear, English saxophonist (Bonzo Dog Doo Dah Band), born in London
  • 1944 Claude Humphrey, American Pro Football HOF defensive end (6 × Pro Bowl, 5 × First-team All-Pro Atlanta Falcons; Philadelphia Eagles), born in Memphis, Tennessee (d. 2021)
  • 1944 Collin Peterson, American politician (U.S. House of Representatives from Minnesota), born in Fargo, North Dakota
  • 1944 Gary Busey, American actor (The Buddy Holly Story; A Star in Born (1976); Lethal Weapon), born in Goose Creek, Texas
  • 1944 Seán Patrick O’Malley, American Roman Catholic bishop, born in Lakewood, Ohio
  • 1944 Sisto Malaspina, Australian cafe owner (Pellegrini’s) who started Melbourne coffee culture, born in Marche region, Italy
  • 1945 Chandrika Kumaratunga, first female President of Sri Lanka (1994-2005), born in Colombo, British Ceylon
  • 1946 Egon von Fürstenberg, Swiss fashion designer, born in Lausanne, Switzerland (d. 2004)
  • 1946 Ernesto Pérez Balladares, President of Panama (1994-99), born in Panama City, Panama
  • 1946 Joelle Wallach, American classical composer (The Tiger’s Tail; Shadows, Sighs and Songs of Longing), born in New York City
  • 1947 Charles Hodges, American soul and R&B Hammond B3 organist (Hi Rhythm Section; Al Green), born in Memphis, Tennessee
  • 1947 Jeff Moss, Australian cricketer (one Test Australia v Pakistan 1979), born in Melbourne, Australia
  • 1947 Michael Carter, Scottish actor, born in Dumfries, Scotland

American comedian and actor (Anything But Love; Robin Hood: Men in Tights; Curb Your Enthusiasm), born in New York City [1]

Richard Lewis

  • 1948 Bill Kirchen, American singer and guitarist (Commander Cody & His Lost Planet Airmen – “Hot Rod Lincoln”), born in Bridgeport, Connecticut
  • 1948 Charles McCorquodale, British art historian, born in Edinburgh (d. 1996)
  • 1948 Fred Grandy, American actor (The Love Boat – “Gopher”) and politician (U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa), born in Sioux City, Iowa
  • 1948 Ian Paice, British hard rock drummer (White Snake; Deep Purple – “Smoke On The Water”), born in Nottingham, England
  • 1948 Lala Rukh, Pakistani activist and abstract artist (Women’s Action Forum), born in Lahore, Pakistan (d. 2017) [1]
  • 1949 Ann Veneman, 5th Executive Director of UNICEF and 27th United States Secretary of Agriculture, born in Modesto, California
  • 1949 Dan Dierdorf, American football offensive lineman and sportscaster (Monday Night Football), born in Canton, Ohio
  • 1949 Joan Clos, Spanish politician (116th Mayor of Barcelona & Minister of Industry), born in Parets del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
  • 1951 Don Rosa, American comic book writer and illustrator (Scrooge McDuck, Donald Duck), born in Louisville, Kentucky
  • 1953 Billy Hinsche, American pop musician, singer, and songwriter (Dino, Desi & Billy; The Beach Boys), born in Manila, Philippines (d. 2021)
  • 1953 Colin Hay, Scottish-Australian guitarist and singer (Men At Work – “Who Can It Be Now?”; Ringo Starr & his All-Starr Band, 2003, 2008, 2018-present), born in Saltcoats, Scotland
  • 1953 Don Dokken, American heavy metal singer (Dokken – “Alone Again”), born in Los Angeles, California
  • 1954 Rick Honeycutt, American baseball pitcher (St Louis Cardinals), born in Chattanooga, Tennessee
  • 1955 Charles J. Precourt, American NASA astronaut (STS 55, 71, 84, sk:91), born in Waltham, Massachusetts
  • 1955 Terence M. O’Sullivan, American labor union activist who is president of the Laborers’ International Union of North America (LIUNA), born in San Francisco, California
  • 1956 Pedro Guerrero, Dominican MLB player (LA Dodgers), born in San Pedro de Macorís, Dominican Republic
  • 1956 Pedro Santana Lopes, 115th Prime Minister of Portugal (2004-05), born in Lisbon, Portugal
  • 1957 María Conchita Alonso, Venezuelan actress (Moscow on the Hudson), born in Cienfuegos, Cuba
  • 1957 Robert Forster, Australian musician (The Go-Betweens), born in Brisbane, Australia
  • 1958 Leslie Browne, American ballerina (Turning Point), born in New York City

1958 Portuguese long distance runner (Olympic gold marathon 1988; World C’ship gold marathon 1987), born in Porto, Portugal

Rosa Mota

  • 1959 Larry Parham, American 4th victim of NYC’s Zodiac killer
  • 1960 “The Caveman” Kevin Shirley, South African music producer and mixer (Journey, Iron Maiden, Europe, Led Zeppelin), born in Johannesburg, South Africa
  • 1960 Sergei Kopylov, Soviet cyclist (Olympic gold 1980), born in Tula, Soviet Union
  • 1961 Greg Hetson, American punk-rock guitarist (Circle Jerks), born in Brooklyn, New York
  • 1961 Kimberlin Brown, American actress (Sheila Carter-The Young and The Restless), born in Hayward, California
  • 1961 Sharon Lawrence [Sharon Elizabeth], American actress (NYPD Blue, Fired Up), born in Charlotte, North Carolina
  • 1962 Amanda Donohoe, English actress (CJ Lamb-LA Law), born in London, England
  • 1962 George Zamka, American NASA astronaut, born in Jersey City, New Jersey
  • 1963 Anne-Sophie Mutter, German Grammy Award-winning concert violinist (Berlin Philharmonic debut at age 13), born in Rheinfelden, West Germany
  • 1963 Cathy Konrad, American film and television producer (Scream franchise; films directed by James Mangold, 1997-2010), born in Silver Spring, Maryland
  • 1963 Khalid El-Masri, German-Lebanese suspected terrorist mistakenly abducted by the Macedonian police in 2003, and handed over to the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), born in Kuwait
  • 1964 Pepper Johnson, American NFL linebacker (NY Giants, Cleveland Browns), born in Detroit, Michigan
  • 1964 Stedman Pearson, English pop vocalist (Five Star – “Rain or Shine”; “The Slightest Touch”), born in Islington, London
  • 1964 Wendy Kilbourne, American actress (Devon-Midnight Caller), born in Los Angeles, California
  • 1965 Matthew Weiner, American television writer and producer who created Mad Men, born in Baltimore, Maryland
  • 1965 Paul Jarvis, English cricket fast bowler (9 Tests, 21 wickets; Yorkshire CCC), born in Redcar, England
  • 1965 Tripp Eisen [Tod Salvador], American musician (Static-X), born in Pen Argyl, Pennsylvania
  • 1966 John Part, Canadian darts player and commentator (PDC World C’ship 2003, 08; BDO World C’ship 1994), born in Toronto, Ontario
  • 1967 John Wehner, American MLB infielder (Pittsburgh Pirates), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • 1967 Melora Hardin, American actress (Family Tree, Best Times), born in Houston, Texas
  • 1967 Murray Foster, Canadian songwriter, bassist (Moxy Früvous – “My Baby Loves a Bunch of Authors”; Great Big Sea, 2003-12), and playwright, born in Thorn Hill, Ontario
  • 1968 Theoren Fleury, Canadian NHL right wing (Calgary Flames, Canada), born in Oxbow, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • 1969 Brian d’Arcy James, American stage and screen actor (Shrek the Musical; n Sweet Smell of Success; Spotlight), born in Saginaw, Michigan
  • 1969 Claude Béchard, Canadian politician (Member of the National Assembly of Quebec), born in Saint-Philippe-de-Néri, Quebec
  • 1969 Erik Tammer, American soccer player (SC Heerenveen, Go Ahead Eagles), born in Utrecht, Netherlands
  • 1969 Ilan Mitchell-Smith, American academic and actor (Weird Science), born in New York City
  • 1969 Simon Brown, English cricket fast bowler (1 Test, 2 wickets; Durham, Northamptonshire), born in Cleadon, England
  • 1969 Tōru Hashimoto, Japanese politician (Mayor of Osaka), born in Tokyo
  • 1970 Mike Vallely, American skateboarder and singer (Black Flag), born in Edison, New Jersey
  • 1971 Matthew Good, Canadian musician (Matthew Good Band), born in Burnaby, British Columbia
  • 1971 Mike Sillinger, Canadian NHL right wing (Vanc Canucks, Anaheim Ducks), born in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • 1972 Nawal Al Zoghbi, Lebanese singer, born in Jal el Dib, Lebanon
  • 1972 Samantha Smith, American peace activist and actress (invited to the Soviet Union during Cold War), born in Houlton, Maine (d. 1985)
  • 1973 George Hincapie, American road cyclist (Olympics-76th-92, 96), born in Queens, New York

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Historical Events on June 29

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  • 512 A solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland
  • 922 Kingdom of the West Franks crowns Robert I as King of West Francia, after deposing Charles the Simple (Charles III)
  • 1072 Former Byzantine Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes blinded by rivals and exiled
  • 1149 Raymond of Antioch is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab in modern-day Syria by the Zengid army of the atabeg Nur al-Din Zengi
  • 1194 Sverre [Sigurdsson] is crowned King of Norway after years of dispute
  • 1312 Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII crowned
  • 1377 French raid on Rye, England

Treaty of Barcelona

1529 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Pope Clement VII sign the Treaty of Barcelona to bring peace to Italy and to repel Turkish advances

Cartier Discovers Prince Edward Island

1534 French explorer Jacques Cartier is the first European to discover Prince Edward Islands, Canada

Thomas Cromwell a Heretic

1540 UK parliament passes The Act of Attainder over former Chancellor of the Exchequer of England Thomas Cromwell, indicting him as a heretic

Cardano Arrives in Edinburgh

1552 Italian physician and mathematician Girolamo Cardano arrives in Edinburgh, Scotland to treat John Hamilton, Archbishop of St Andrews for over two thousand gold crowns

1613 Shakespeare‘s Globe Theatre in London burns down during a performance of “Henry VIII”

  • 1659 The Russians, led by Prince Trubetskoy are defeated by the Ukrainian armies of Ivan Vyhovsky in the Battle of Konotop

Regent Sofia Alekseyevna

1682 Sofia Alekseyevna names herself regent of Russia for her brothers Ivan V and half-brother Peter I

  • 1694 Dutch fleet attacks French grain transports
  • 1749 New Governor Charles de la Ralière Des Herbiers arrives at Isle Royale (Cape Breton Island).
  • 1755 515 prominent Filipinos baptized as Catholic
  • 1755 German medieval heroic poem “Nibelungenlied” (the Song of the Nibelungs) rediscovered in Hohenems Castle Library in Vorarlberg, Austria by Jacob Hermann Oreit
  • 1767 British pass Townshend Revenue Act levying taxes on America, helping to intensify opposition to British rule
  • 1776 Mission Dolores founded at San Francisco Bay by Lieutenant José Joaquin Moraga and Francisco Palóu

Virginia State Constitution

1776 Virginia state constitution adopted and Patrick Henry made governor

  • 1786 Alexander Macdonell and over five hundred Roman Catholic highlanders leave Scotland to settle in Glengarry County, Ontario
  • 1800 Free mason lodge establishes in Alkmaar
  • 1806 Orkney woman Isobel Gunn sets sail for Prince Rupert’s Land disguised as a man to work for the Hudson Bay Company – her true identity only revealed when she gives birth December 1807 [1]
  • 1850 Autocephaly Officially Granted by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople to The Church of Greece.

Robert Peel Falls Off His Horse

1850 British ex-Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel falls off his horse; dies three days later

  • 1854 Netherlands allows corporal punishment
  • 1857 Battle at Chinhat (Indies rebel under Barkat Ahmed beat British)
  • 1858 Great fire in London docks
  • 1858 Treaty of Algun: China cedes north bank of Amur River to Russia
  • 1862 Day 5 of 7 day Battle of Savage’s Station, Virginia
  • 1863 Battle at Westminster or Corbitt’s Charge, Maryland: small unit of Delaware cavalry charge Confederate cavalry numbering nearly 6,000, crucially delaying their arrival at Gettysburg
  • 1863 Confederate General Robert Lee orders his forces to concentrate near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
  • 1863 Very 1st First National Bank opens in Davenport, Iowa
  • 1864 Canada’s worst railway accident: Grand Trunk Railway train crashes onto a barge on the Richelieu River killing 100 people
  • 1864 Samuel Crowther, bishop of Niger, becomes the first Black bishop of the Church of England
  • 1867 Pope Pius IX declares Gorcumse holy martyrs
  • 1874 Greek politician Charilaos Trikoupis publishes a manifesto in the Athens daily Kairoi entitled “Who’s to Blame?” in which he lays out his complaints against King George. He is elected Prime Minister of Greece the next year.
  • 1880 France annexes Otaheite (Tahiti)

Diuturnum illud

1881 Pope Leo XIII publishes encyclical Diuturnum illud

  • 1888 First known recording of classical music is made, Handel’s “Israel in Egypt” on wax cylinder
  • 1891 Street railway in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, commences operation
  • 1891 US National Forest Service organized
  • 1895 Doukhobors burn their weapons as a protest against conscription by the Tsarist Russian government.
  • 1897 Chicago Colts establish MLB record for most runs scored in a game by one team as they maul Louisville Colonels, 36 – 7 at the West Side Grounds, Chicago
  • 1899 Brazo River in Texas floods 12 miles wide causing $10 million damage
  • 1900 The Imperial Chinese Court issues what is essentially a declaration of war against foreigners in China, blaming them for hostilities and giving license to the Boxers for even greater ferocity
  • 1903 British government protests against abuses in Belgian Congo
  • 1904 Two prehistoric bones are found in Weerdingerveen, Drenthe in the Netherlands
  • 1906 US Congress pass the Hepburn Act, permitting the regulation of rates charged by railroads, pipelines, and terminals engaged in interstate commerce
  • 1911 Freiherr Gautsch von Frankenthurn becomes Minister-President of Austria
  • 1913 An attack by Bulgarian General Michael Savov on Greek and Serbian positions causes the start of the Second Balkan War

Attempt to Assassinate Rasputin

1914 Jina Guseva attempts to assassinate Grigori Rasputin at his home town in Siberia

  • 1918 A provisional government opposed to the Bolsheviks establishes itself at Vladivostok, the Russian port on the Sea of Japan
  • 1922 France grants 1 km² at Vimy Ridge “freely, and for all time, to the Government of Canada, the free use of the land exempt from all taxes.”
  • 1925 Canada House opens in London, England
  • 1926 Carter G. Woodson wins Springarn Medal for research into Black history
  • 1927 1st flight from West Coast arrives in Hawaii
  • 1927 First test of Wallace Turnbull’s controllable pitch propeller
  • 1928 The Outerbridge Crossing and Goethals Bridge in Staten Island, New York both opened
  • 1929 31.1°C (88°F) highest temperature on this day in De Bilt, Netherlands
  • 1929 First high-speed jet wind tunnel is completed at Langley Field, Virginia
  • 1929 Mexico & Vatican sign Concord
  • 1930 Pope Pius XI canonizes Noël Chabanel, French Jesuit, missionary to the Hurons and one of the eight Canadian Martyrs at the St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City [1]
  • 1931 109°F (43°C), Monticello, Florida (state record, until broken in 2015)

Nun abbiamo bisogno

1931 Pope Pius XI publishes encyclical on Nun abbiamo bisogno (We do not need fascism and Mussolini)

  • 1932 USSR & China sign non-aggression treaty

Carnera KOs Sharkey

1933 Italian boxer Primo Carnera KOs American defending champion Jack Sharkey in round 6 at Madison Square Garden, NYC to become third European to win the lineal world heavyweight title

  • 1935 LPGA Western Open Women’s Golf, Sunset Ridge CC: Opal Hill scores an easy, 9 & 7 win over Mrs. S.L. Reinhart to claim her first of 2 consecutive major titles

Cohan 1st Congressional Medal

1936 George M. Cohan is the first artist to be presented with a US Congressional Gold Medal, by Franklin D. Roosevelt (for raising war morale)

  • 1936 NY’s Empire State Building broadcasts high-definition TV with 343 lines

On Motion Pictures

1936 Pope Pius XI encyclical to US bishops “On motion pictures”

  • 1939 4th Dutch government of Prime Minister Hendrikus Colijn falls
  • 1939 Dixie Clipper completes 1st commercial plane flight to Europe

Ford-Ferguson 9N Tractor

1939 Ford introduces the revolutionary Ford-Ferguson 9N tractor incorporating Harry Ferguson‘s three-point hitch system

  • 1940 Anjer (Carnation) Day-anniversary of Prince Bernhard
  • 1940 Batman Comics, mobsters rub out a circus highwire team known as the Flying Graysons, leaving their son Dick (Robin) an orphan
  • 1940 US passes Alien Registration Act requiring Aliens to register
  • 1941 6,000 Jews are murdered in a pogrom in Bucharest, Romania
  • 1941 DiMaggio extends hitting streak to 42 breaking Sisler’s record
  • 1943 Germany begins withdrawing U-boats from North Atlantic in anticipation of the Allied invasion of Europe

Mystic Corporis

1943 Pope Pius XII encyclical Mystic Corporis (mystic body of Christ)

  • 1943 US forces landed at Nassau Bay, near Salamaua, New Guinea
  • 1944 French Nazi collaborator Paul Touvier shoots 7 Jews dead
  • 1944 German counterattack at Caen

Rommel and Rundstedt to Berchtesgaden

1944 German generals Rommel & von Rundstedt travel to Berchtesgaden

  • 1944 Soviet Armies join in Bobroesjk
  • 1944 US 7th army corps conquers Cherbourg, France
  • 1945 20.6 cm rainfall at Litchville North Dakota (state record)
  • 1945 Ruthenia, formerly in Czechoslovakia, annexed by Soviet Union, becomes Ukrainian SSR
  • 1946 Black Sabbath as the British arrest 2,700 Jews in Palestine as alleged terrorists
  • 1946 British mandatory government of Palestine arrests 100 leaders of Yishnuv
  • 1947 Yanks beat Senators 3-1 starting a 19 game winning streak
  • 1949 US troops withdraw from Korea after WW II
  • 1950 Striker Joe Gaetjens heads US to an upset, 1-0 win over England in a FIFA World Cup group match in Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Americans next win over England: 1994
  • 1952 USS Oriskany becomes 1st aircraft carrier to sail around Cape Horn
  • 1953 XETV TV channel 6 in Tijuana-San Diego, CA (IND) begins broadcasting

Oppenheimer’s Security Clearance Revoked

1954 US Atomic Energy Commission votes to revoke Dr. Robert Oppenheimer‘s security clearance, effectively ending his career as a nuclear physicist

  • 1955 Argentine state of siege ends
  • 1956 American Charles Dumas records first high jump over 7′ (2.13m) during US Olympic Trials at Los Angeles, California

Event of Interest

1956 Dutch Prime Minister Willem Drees refuses resignation of Queen Juliana (Greet Hofmans)

Event of Interest

1956 US Federal Interstate Highway System Act signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Bethesda. Maryland [1]

1958 FIFA World Cup Final, Råsunda Stadium, Stockholm, Sweden: Vavá and Pelé each score two goals as Brazil defeats Sweden 5-2

Catholic Encyclical

1959 Pope John XXIII publishes his 1st encyclical “On truth, unity, & peace, in charity”

  • 1960 KYA-AM in San Francisco changes call letters to KDBQ (for 2 weeks)
  • 1961 Launch of Transit 4a, with 1st nuclear power supply (SNAP-3)

Baseball Record

1961 MLB San Francisco Giants outfielder Willie Mays becomes the 4th player in MLB history with 3 or more home runs twice in one season with a 10th inning blast in Giants 8-7 win over the Phillies in Philadelphia

  • 1961 The International Labour Organisation (ILO) calls for South Africa’s withdrawal at the Geneva Conference in protest of the racial policies of the South African government
  • 1962 First flight of the Vickers (British Aerospace) VC-10 long-range airliner
  • 1962 Frank Howard hits the 5,000th Dodger home run
  • 1963 Beatles’ 1st song “From Me to You” hits UK charts
  • 1963 SVB, Students Unions, established under Barrel Regtien

Film & TV History

1964 NBC approves Gene Roddenberry‘s script for the pilot episode of “Star Trek” titled “The Cage”

  • 1965 USAF Capt Joseph Henry Engle reaches 85,530 m in X-15
  • 1965 USAF test pilot Joe Engle in X-15 reaches altitude of 53.1 mi (85.5 km) and top speed of 3,432 mph (5,523 km/h) (Mach 4.94)
  • 1966 KBSC (now KVEA) TV channel 52 in Corona-Los Angeles, CA begins
  • 1966 US planes bomb North Vietnam’s capital, Hanoi, and the port city of Haiphong for the first time in the Vietnam War
  • 1967 Israel removes barricades, re-unifying Jerusalem

Music History

1968 “Tip-Toe Thru’ The Tulips With Me” by Tiny Tim peaks at #17

  • 1969 1st Jewish worship service at the White House

Baseball Record

1969 On ‘Billy Williams Day’ at Wrigley Field, Chicago, the Cubs outfielder passes Stan Musial‘s NL record for consecutive MLB games played (896) as Chicago sweeps St. Louis Cardinals, 3-1 and 12-1

  • 1970 US ends 2 month military offensive into Cambodia
  • 1972 Supreme Court rules (5-4) that death penalty is cruel & unusual
  • 1972 USSR launches Prognoz 2 into earth orbit (549/200,000 km)
  • 1974 Military coup in Ethiopia
  • 1975 8.10″ (20.57 cm) of rainfall, Litchville No Dakota (state 24-hr rec)
  • 1976 Seychelles gains independence from the United Kingdom

Sports History

1977 Future Hall of Fame outfielder Willie Stargell hits his 400th career HR as his Pittsburgh Pirates rout the St Louis Cardinals, 9-1 at Busch Stadium

  • 1977 South Africa opposition party, the New Republic Party (NRP), is formed after the integration of the United Party (UP) and Democratic Party (DP)
  • 1977 Supreme Court rules out death penalty for rapists of adults
  • 1979 Mascot San Diego Chicken is reborn at Jack Murphy Stadium
  • 1981 Bomb attack on headquarters of Islamic Party in Tehran, 72 killed
  • 1982 US Voting Rights Act of 1965 extended

Sports History

1983 40-year-old Puerto Rican jockey Ángel Cordero Jr. wins his 5,000th race with a victory in the last race at Belmont; 4th jockey to achieve milestone

  • 1983 Challenger flies back to Kennedy Space Center via Kelly Air Force Base

Sports History

1984 Pitcher Orel Hershiser begins string of making every scheduled start until 1990 for Los Angeles Dodgers

  • 1984 USSR offers to start talking about banning SDI
  • 1985 NASA launches Intelsat VA F-11
  • 1985 STS 51-F vehicle moves to launch pad
  • 1986 FIFA World Cup Final, Estadio Azteca, Mexico City: Argentina beats West Germany, 3-2 in front of 114,600
  • 1986 Moses Mayekiso, former General Secretary of Metal and Allied Workers Union (MAWU) and member of South African Communist Party (SACP), detained for a second time, spends months in solitary confinement

Event of Interest

1986 Richard Branson aboard Virgin Atlantic Challenger II reaches Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly, fastest crossing of Atlantic

  • 1987 MLB Philadelphia Phillies relief pitcher Steve Bedrosian is 1st to record 12 saves in 12 attempts

Sports History

1987 New York Yankees blow 11-4 lead but trailing 14-11 Dave Winfield‘s 8th inning grand slammer beats Toronto 15-14; Don Mattingly also grand slams

Election of Interest

1988 Vigdís Finnbogadóttir is elected the 4th President of Iceland becoming the world’s 1st democratically elected female President

  • 1989 South Africa’s National Party adopts five year programme of its objectives, including a political “reform” plan to give Black majority role in national and local government; ANC responds it would consider only a one-man, one-vote system

Sports History

1990 A’s Dave Stewart no-hits Blue Jays & Dodger’s Fernando Valenzuela no-hits St Louis 6-0, 1st time no-hitters in both leagues

  • 1990 NY Mets tie their team career high 11 game winning streak
  • 1990 World’s first female diocesan Anglican bishop, Dr Penny Jamieson is appointed in Dunedin, New Zealand
  • 1991 6.0 earthquake hits southern Calif
  • 1992 2 earthquakes including 7.4 hits southern California
  • 1992 Algerian head of state, Mohamed Boudiaf, is assassinated by military officers during a public speech at the opening of a cultural center in Annaba

NHL Trade

1992 NHL arbitrator decides Eric Lindros goes to Philadelphia Flyers instead of New York Rangers, after Quebec traded him twice; Quebec received 6 player, two draft picks and $15M

  • 1992 Oakland Athletics’ Dennis Eckersley sets record of 26th straight saves for the season
  • 1994 128°F (53°C) Lake Havasu City, Arizona (state record, breaking previous set in 1905)
  • 1994 NBA Draft: Purdue small forward Glenn Robinson first pick by Milwaukee Bucks
  • 1994 Socialist, Tomiichi Murayama, elected premier of Japan
  • 1994 US reopens Guantanamo Naval Base to process refugees

Boxing Title Fight

1995 George Foreman loses IBF boxing title for refusing to a rematch bout against Axel Schulz

  • 1995 Memphis Mad Dogs 1st CFL game (vs Calgary Stampeders)
  • 1996 Andrea Leah Plummer, of Tennessee, crowned 39th America’s Junior Miss
  • 1996 Superman’s Action Comic #1 (1938) auctioned at Sotheby at $61,900
  • 1997 Progress M-35 Soyuz Launch (Russia)
  • 1997 Tyrenda Williams, 18, of Alabama, crowned 40th America’s Junior Miss

Music History

2000 Eminem‘s mother goes to court claiming defamation of character in a $10 million civil suit, after taking exception to the line “My mother smokes more dope than I do” from her son’s single ‘My Name Is’

Sports History

2001 Romanian gymnast Nadia Comăneci (39) becomes a naturalized US citizen at the Oklahoma City, Oklahoma federal courthouse

  • 2002 Naval clashes between South and North Korea lead to the death of six South Korean sailors and the sinking of a North Korean vessel

Event of Interest

2002 US Vice President Dick Cheney, serves as Acting President for two and a half hours, while President George W. Bush undergoes a colonoscopy procedure.

Event of Interest

2006 Hamdan v. Rumsfeld: The U.S. Supreme Court rules that President George W. Bush‘s plan to try Guantanamo Bay detainees in military tribunals violates U.S. and international law.

Enya Honored

2007 Irish singer and songwriter Enya receives an honorary doctorate from the National University of Ireland, Galway

  • 2007 Two car bombs are found in the heart of London at Picadilly Circus.
  • 2008 Thomas Beatie, the world’s first pregnant man, gives birth to a daughter

Bernie Madoff Sentenced

2009 Financier Bernie Madoff sentenced to 150 years in US maximum prison, for conducting a massive Ponzi scheme

Film & TV History

2011 “Transformers: Dark of the Moon,” directed by Michael Bay, is released and ultimately grosses $1.123 billion globally

  • 2012 15,000 Japanese anti-nuclear protesters blockade the Japanese Prime Minister’s office in Tokyo
  • 2012 16 Naxalite Maoist insurgents in India are killed by police
  • 2012 Three bombs in Balid, Iraq, kill 6 people and injure 45

Event of Interest

2014 Islamic State leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi announces establishment of worldwide “caliphate” at the Great Mosque of al-Nuri in Mosul, Iraq

  • 2015 Beijing Times reports 30% of the Great Wall of China has disappeared due to natural forces and stealing of bricks
  • 2016 Martyna Majok’s play “Cost of Living” premieres at the Williamstown Theater Festival (Pulitzer Prize for Drama 2018)
  • 2016 US Defense Secretary Ashton B. Carter lifts Pentagon’s ban on transgender people serving in the US armed forces
  • 2017 Battle for Mosul: Iraqi forces retake destroyed Great Mosque of al-Nuri from Islamic State – symbolic site where their leader declared a “caliphate”

Film & TV History

2017 Kylie Jenner and Kendall Jenner apologize and remove t-shirts from sale featuring Tupac Shakur and others, after accused of exploiting their legacies

  • 2017 Mihai Tudose confirmed as Romanian Prime Minister, by parliament, succeeding Sorin Grindeanu
  • 2017 Vatican treasurer Cardinal George Pell charged with historic sexual offenses in Victoria, Australia

Scorpion

2018 Drake releases his fifth studio album “Scorpion”, a double album with 25 tracks

  • 2020 Golden State Killer and former police officer Joseph DeAngelo Jr pleads guilty to 12 murders and dozens of rapes
  • 2020 US Supreme Court rules 5-4 that abortion restrictions in Louisiana unconstitutional, striking down a 2014 state law

Event of Interest

2021 Former South African President Jacob Zuma sentenced to 15 months in prison on contempt of court charges

  • 2021 Lytton, British Columbia, records Canada’s highest-ever temperature of 49.6C (121.3F), before being destroyed by a wildfire the next day
  • 2021 World’s first known plague victim identified in the remains of a 5,000-year-old hunter-gatherer in Latvia [1]
  • 2022 Biggest trial in modern French history for November 2015 Paris Attacks, convicts Salah Abdeslam, and 19 others, of terrorism and murder charges, sentences him to a rare 30-year prison term [1]
  • 2022 Earth records its shortest day ever, 1.59 milliseconds faster than a standard day [1]
  • 2022 Latest US murder clearance rates show that half of all murders are left unsolved, less likely to be solved if victim is Black or Hispanic [1]

Music History

2022 Singer R. Kelly sentenced to 30 years in jail on nine counts of sex trafficking in Brooklyn, New York

  • 2023 British court rules government plan to deport asylum seekers to Rwanda as a deterrent is illegal, as it could not be considered a third safe country [1]
  • 2023 US Supreme court rules 6-3 that college race-based admission programs used to increase diversity are illegal under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment [1]
  • 2024 ICC Men’s Cricket T20 World Cup, Bridgetown, Barbados: India beats South Africa by 7 runs, Hardik Pandya 3/20; Player of the Series: Jasprit Bumrah (India fast bowler 15 wickets)
  • 2024 Iranian presidential snap-election heads to a run-off after leading candidates reformer Masoud Pezeshkian and hardliner Saeed Jalili fail to win a majority [1]

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What Happened on June 29

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Major Events

  • 1941 6,000 Jews are murdered in a pogrom in Bucharest, Romania
  • 1964 Civil Rights Act of 1964 passes the US Senate after a 60-working-day filibuster by Southern senators
  • 1966 US planes bomb North Vietnam’s capital, Hanoi, and the port city of Haiphong for the first time in the Vietnam War
  • 1994 US reopens Guantanamo Naval Base to process refugees
  • More June 29 Events

Jun 29 in Film & TV

Jun 29 in Music

  • 1888 First known recording of classical music is made, Handel’s “Israel in Egypt” on wax cylinder

Jun 29 in Sport

  • 1958 FIFA World Cup Final, Råsunda Stadium, Stockholm, Sweden: Vavá and Pelé each score two goals as Brazil defeats Sweden 5-2

Did You Know?

Thomas Beatie, the world’s first pregnant man, gives birth to a daughter

June 29, 2008


Fun Fact About June 29

Earth records its shortest day ever, 1.59 milliseconds faster than a standard day

June 29, 2022

Articles, Photos and Quiz

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This Tiny Quantum Sensor Glows on Its Own to Detect the Nearly Invisible

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Self-Illuminating BiosensorScientists at EPFL have created a revolutionary biosensor that doesn’t need a light source—it makes its own glow using quantum tunneling. By guiding electrons through a nanostructure of gold and aluminum oxide, the sensor emits light and detects molecules at astonishingly small concentrations, down to a trillionth of a gram. With no bulky equipment, it […]



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Crystal-Powered Transistor Could Replace Silicon and Supercharge AI

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Semiconductor Wafer Rainbow Transistor TestingIn a potential turning point for microelectronics, scientists in Tokyo have crafted a powerful new transistor that ditches silicon in favor of a crystalline material called gallium-doped indium oxide. Engineered with a gate-all-around design—where the transistor’s control gate wraps completely around the current channel—this tiny device achieves remarkable electron mobility and long-term stability. The result? […]



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