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New Quantum Algorithm Could Explain Why Matter Exists at All

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Quantum Electrodynamics Simulation Using 100 QubitsResearchers used IBM’s quantum computers to create scalable quantum circuits that simulate matter under extreme conditions, offering new insight into fundamental forces and the origins of the universe. Simulating how matter behaves under extreme conditions is essential for exploring some of the deepest questions about the universe. The Standard Model of particle physics describes how […]



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New Study Suggests Early Mars Hosted Conditions Suitable for Life

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Sulfur on MarsNew research indicates that early Martian volcanoes may have emitted reactive sulfur gases that warmed the planet and supported conditions suitable for microbial life. Although scientists are still working to understand what Mars was like in its earliest stages, new research points to the possibility that the planet’s atmosphere could have supported life. The study […]



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Scientists Create “Key” To Find Alien Life in Clouds

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Cloudy Earth Like Exoplanet With Colorful Biota in the CloudsAn exoplanet completely or densely covered by clouds could aid astronomers in their search for signs of life beyond Earth. Cloudy skies may spoil a picnic or block a view of the stars through a telescope, but thick cloud layers on distant worlds could actually help scientists look for life beyond Earth. A team at […]



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Scientists Discover Worrying Levels of Toxic Elements in Plastic Toys

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Baby Touching Plastic Toy AmbulanceAn analysis of 70 plastic children’s products sold in Brazil found that most samples were chemically contaminated, with toxin levels reaching up to 15 times above legal limits, and barium, lead, chromium, and antimony being the most frequently detected hazardous elements. Researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP), working with the Federal University of […]



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Scientists Uncover a Cellular Weak Spot in Alzheimer’s Disease

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Synapse Degeneration Alzheimer's Parkinson's DementiaResearchers have discovered a defect in how cells produce exosomes, a problem linked to a mutation found in patients with dementia. They may be incredibly small, but their impact on human health could be enormous. Scientists at Aarhus University have discovered a flaw in how cells produce tiny particles known as exosomes, linked to a […]



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Scientists Discover a Diet That Can Prevent and Reverse a Key Type of Heart Disease

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Healthy Human Heart AnatomyResearchers discovered that a nutrient-matched, plant-based diet could prevent and reverse a hidden form of heart disease in hypertensive rats. A new study from researchers in the Institute for Biomedical Sciences at Georgia State University reports that a diet centered on fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes may help both prevent and improve heart disease in […]



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Viking woman buried with scallop shells cupping her mouth – The History Blog

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Archaeologists have unearthed a 9th century skeleton in Trøndelag, Norway, buried with two scallop shells on each side of the mouth. This feature is completely unique on the Norwegian archaeological record. The only other possible examples are scallop shell fragments discovered in seven or eight graves in western Norway more than a century ago, and they were so small and scattered they could have been natural parts of the sandy soil.

The grave was very shallow, just 15-20 cm (6-8 inches) below the surface. It had been damaged when a ditch was dug across the foot of the grave in the 60s or 70s, but only the legs of the skeleton were harmed. The rest of the skeleton was preserved, albeit under threat from the increasingly acidic soil and from agricultural work which continues on the private land.

The deceased was likely a married woman of high status, as evidenced by the presence of a pair of large oval cup brooches in the grave. They were used to fasten the shoulder straps on a woman’s halter dress. There was also a small ring brooch that was used to close the gap in her petticoat.

Small bones from birds, likely the remains of wings, were found around the skeleton. Archaeologists believe the bird wings may have been sewn to a garment or blanket and the bones are all that’s left of it. Another possibility is that she was laid to rest on a bed of feathered wings not attached to a textile. Bird wing remains have been found in an ancient grave in Norway before, but they were in a cremation burial that was found to contain wing parts from 29 different birds.

“The most striking thing is two scallops placed at the mouth of the deceased. This is a practice that is not previously known from pre-Christian graves in Norway. We do not yet know what the symbolism means,” says [NTNU Science Museum senior engineer Raymond] Sauvage, who is also the project manager for the research.

The shells were lying with the curved side out and the straight edge up, so they partially covered the mouth.

A second skeleton from the 8th or 9th centuries was found just 30 feet away from the scallop lady earlier this year. Archaeologists will test both skeletons for DNA to see if they’re related. Stable isotope analysis will shed light on whether they were of local origins or spent their childhoods somewhere else.



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Famous Deaths on November 16

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  • 1240 Ibn al-‘Arabi, Muslim mystic and philosopher (The Meccan Revelations), dies at 75
  • 1240 Saint Edmund of Abingdon, English bishop (Archbishop of Canterbury, 1233-40), dies

King of England (1216-72, Provisions of Oxford), dies at 65

Henry III

  • 1328 Prince Hisaaki, 8th Japanese shōgun of the Kamakura shogunate (1289-1308), dies at 52
  • 1512 Gerbrand Mockema, Fries rebel, beheaded
  • 1512 Jemme Herjuwsma, Fries rebel, beheaded
  • 1548 Caspar Cruciger, German church reformer, dies at 44
  • 1603 Pierre Charron, French philosopher/theologian, dies
  • 1613 Trajano Boccalini, Italian satirist (b. 1556)
  • 1628 Paolo Quagliati, Italian composer
  • 1667 Nathaniel Schnittelbach, German composer and violinist, dies at 34
  • 1668 Antoon Anselmo, South Netherlands lawyer, dies at about 79
  • 1695 Pierre Nicole, French philosopher (b. 1625)
  • 1706 Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest, Dutch admiral and buccaneer, dies at 64
  • 1706 Godfried Schalcken, Dutch painter, etcher and engraver, dies at about 63
  • 1724 Jack Sheppard, English burglar and prison escapee known as “Honest Jack”, hanged at 22
  • 1745 James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde, Irish statesman and soldier, dies at 80
  • 1766 Dominikus Zimmermann, Bavarian Baroque architect and painter (Liebfrauenkirche), dies at 81
  • 1773 John Hawkesworth, English writer
  • 1775 Marian Paradeiser, Austrian composer, dies at 28
  • 1779 Pehr Kalm, Finnish explorer and naturalist, first scientific description of Niagara Falls, dies at 63
  • 1785 Johan Gottschalk Wallerius, Swedish chemist and mineralogist, dies at 76
  • 1790 Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, American Continental Congressman (b. 1723)
  • 1797 King Frederick William II of Prussia (b. 1744) Reigns 1786-97
  • 1802 André Michaux, French botanist, dies at 56
  • 1806 Moses Cleaveland, American politician and founder of Cleveland, Ohio, dies at 52
  • 1808 Mustapha IV, sultan of Turkey (1807-08), dies at 29
  • 1831 Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf, German countess, grandmother of Queen Victoria and her husband Albert, dies at 74
  • 1831 Carl von Clausewitz, Prussian army General (Napoleanic Wars) and military theorist (Vom Kriege (On War)), dies of cholera at 51
  • 1835 Louis Angely, German comedic poet (Paris in Pommern), dies at 48
  • 1836 Christian Hendrik Persoon, Cape Colony-born pioneering mycologist, dies at 75
  • 1869 Hamiora Pere is hanged for treason at the Terrace Gaol, Wellington – only New Zealander ever to be executed for treason
  • 1884 František Chvostek, Czech-Austrian military physician and medicinal lecturer, dies at 49

Canadian politician, founder of the province of Manitoba, and leader of the Métis people of the Canadian prairies, hanged for treason at 41

Louis Riel

  • 1893 George Alexander Osborne, Irish pianist and composer (La Pluie de perles), dies of natural causes at 87
  • 1907 Robert I, Duke of Parma, last ruling Duke of Parma, dies at 59
  • 1908 Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière, French Canadian politician (7th Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia), dies at 78
  • 1909 Francis Thome, French composer, dies at 59
  • 1911 Albert Alonzo Ames, Mayor of Minneapolis (b. 1842)
  • 1922 Max Abraham, German physicist (b. 1875)
  • 1924 Alexander Andreyevich Archangel’sky, Russian composer, dies at 78
  • 1924 Edward Everett Rice, composer, dies at 75
  • 1932 Carry van Bruggen [de Haan], Dutch author (Eva), dies at 51
  • 1934 Alice Liddell, English schoolgirl model for Alice in Wonderland, dies at 82
  • 1934 Carl von Linde, German engineer and chemist who invented mechanical refrigeration, dies at 92
  • 1934 Joachim Ringelantz, writer, dies
  • 1935 Kurt Schindler, German-born American composer, dies at 53
  • 1939 Pierce Butler, American jurist, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (1923-39), dies at 73
  • 1942 Joseph Schmidt, Austrian-Hungarian tenor and actor (Der Liebesexpreß, A Star Fell from Heaven), dies from a heart attack at 38
  • 1943 Marcel Verhamme, Belgian resistance fighter, executed
  • 1944 Charles Kelleway, Australian cricket all-rounder (26 Tests, 3 x 100s, 52 wickets, 24 catches), dies at 58
  • 1945 Kaarlo Sarkia, Finnish poet (Kohtalon Vaaka), dies of tuberculosis at 43
  • 1948 Frederick Gardner Cottrell, American Inventor (electrostatic precipitator), dies at 71
  • 1950 “Dr. Bob” Smith, American physician and co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous, dies of colon cancer at 71
  • 1953 Sol Hoʻopiʻi [Kaʻaiʻai], Native Hawaiian acoustic and electric lap steel guitar virtuoso, dies of diabetes related kidney failure at 50
  • 1954 Albert Francis Blakeslee, American botanist, dies at 80
  • 1955 Tomasz Arciszewski, 31st Prime Minister of Poland, 3rd Prime Minister of the Polish government-in-exile in London (1944-47), dies at 88
  • 1958 J. W. F. Werumeus Buning, Dutch poet (Daily Bread), dies at 67
  • 1958 Samuel Hopkins Adams [Warner Fabian], American journalist and muckraker (Great American Fraud), dies at 87
  • 1959 Otto Frederick Hunziker, Swiss-American dairy industry pioneer (involved in the American Dairy Science Association), dies at 85

American actor (Gone With The Wind; It Happened One Night) known as ‘The King of Hollywood’, dies of a coronary thrombosis at 59

Clark Gable

  • 1961 Samuel Rayburn, American politician (US Representative (D) from Texas, 1913-61; Speaker of the House for 17 years), dies of pancreatic cancer at 79
  • 1964 Albert Hay Malotte, composer, dies at 69
  • 1964 John Emery, American actor (Ship Ahoy, Kronos, Mademoiselle Fifi), dies at 59

Dutch track cyclist (world sprint champion 1921-24, 26), dies at 71

Piet Moeskops

  • 1965 Alexander King, author (Jack Paar Show), dies at 66
  • 1965 Harry Blackstone Sr., American magician, dies at 80
  • 1965 William Thomas Cosgrave, Irish politician and Fine Gael party leader (President of the Irish Free State, 1922-32), dies at 85

Canadian doctor and inventor of the gas mask, dies at 87

Cluny MacPherson

  • 1968 Greet Hofmans, faith healer of Dutch queen Juliana, dies at 74
  • 1968 Paul Coates, American columnist (Tonight! America After Dark), dies at 48
  • 1971 Charlie Dell, American actor and comedian (Pickle in the Middle), dies at 90
  • 1971 Edie Sedgwick, American actress (Andy Warhol) and socialite, dies of alcohol and barbiturate intoxication at 28
  • 1972 Andrey Filippovich Pashchenko, composer, dies at 87
  • 1973 Alan Watts, writer/popularizer of Zen, dies in Calif
  • 1974 Walther Meissner, German physicist (Meissner Effect), dies at 91
  • 1975 Ernst van Raalte, lawyer/minister-president, dies at 83
  • 1978 Claude Dauphin, French actor (Barbarella, April in Paris, Deported), dies at 75
  • 1979 Bert Baston, American College Football Hall of Fame end (University of Minnesota), dies at 84
  • 1980 Imogen Hassall, English actress (Countess of Cleavage-Carry on Loving), suicide at 37
  • 1980 John Cade, Australian psychiatrist, discovered the psychiatric benefits of lithium in 1949, dies at 68
  • 1980 O. V. [Overton Vertis] Wright, American blues singer, dies at 41
  • 1981 Morgan Conway, American actor (Dick Tracy, Brother Orchid), dies at 78
  • 1982 Al Haig, American bebop jazz pianist (Charlie Parker; Stan Getz; Chet Baker), dies of a heart attack at 60
  • 1982 Arthur Askey, British actor (Bees in Paradise, Ghost Train), dies at 82
  • 1982 Lenny Murphy [Hugh Leonard Murphy], leader of Belfast’s notorious Shankill Butchers, killed at 30
  • 1982 Pavel Sergeevich Aleksandrov, Russian Mathematician (topology), dies at 86
  • 1984 Leonard Rose, American concert cellist (NY Phil 1943-51), dies at 66
  • 1984 Vic Dickenson, American trombonist (b. 1906)
  • 1985 John Sparkman, American politician (Sen-D-Alabama 1946-79, Rep-D-Alabama 1937-46), dies at 85
  • 1985 Stuart Chase, American writer and economist (The Tragedy of Waste), dies at 97
  • 1986 Siobhán McKenna [Cionnaith], Irish stage actress (Saint Joan, The Chalk Garden), dies of lung cancer at 63
  • 1987 Jim Brewer, American baseball relief pitcher (World Series 1965; MLB All Star 1973; LA Dodgers), dies of injuries suffered in car accident at 50
  • 1987 Zubir Said, Singaporean composer who composed Singapore’s national anthem, dies at 80
  • 1988 Lotte Stam-Beese, German-Dutch architect and urban planner who helped reconstruct Rotterdam after the war, dies at 85
  • 1989 Ignacio Ellacuría, Spanish-Salvadoran Jesuit priest, philosopher and human rights activist, assassinated during the Salvadoran Civil War at 59 [1]
  • 1989 Rose Murphy, American jazz singer and pianist (“Busy Line”), dies at 76
  • 1991 Ralph Marrero, American actor (Dawn of the Dead; The Babe; Johnny Suede), dies in car accident at 33
  • 1991 Wallace Berry, American-Canadian composer, educator, and music theorist, dies at 63
  • 1993 Achille Zavatta, French clown (b. 1915)
  • 1993 Lucia Popp, Czech/Austria soprano (Vienna Opera), dies at 54
  • 1994 Dan J. Smith, British harmonica player and gospel singer-songwriter, dies at 83
  • 1994 Dino Valenti [Chester Powers, Jr.], American rock guitarist and singer (Quicksilver Messenger Service – “Fresh Air”), dies at 57
  • 1994 Doris Speed, British actress dubbed ‘The Queen Mother of Soap’ (Annie Walker in “Coronation Street”), dies at 95
  • 1994 Harvey Watkin, Sr, American gospel singer (The Canton Spitituals), dies at 64
  • 1994 John Boylan, American actor (Twin Peaks, Sleepless in Seattle), dies at 82
  • 1995 Gwyn A. Williams, Welsh historian and socialist, dies at 70
  • 1996 George Byatt, Scottish playwright (The Clyde Is Red), dies at 73
  • 1996 Jack Popplewell, British composer and playwright (If I Should Fall In Love Again), dies at 87
  • 1996 John Reginald Bevins, British Conservative politician, dies at 88
  • 1997 George Petrie, American actor (Planes, Trains & Automobiles, Honeymooners), dies from a lymphoma on his 85th birthday
  • 1997 Georges Marchais, French political leader (French Communist Party), dies at 77
  • 1997 Headley Keith, South African cricket batsman (8 Tests @ 21.19; Natal), dies at 70
  • 1998 David Lane, British Conservative politician and CEO (Commission for Racial Equality), dies at 76
  • 1999 Daniel Nathans, American microbiologist (Nobel 1978 – discovery of restriction enzymes and their application in restriction mapping), dies at 71
  • 2000 DJ Screw [Robert Earl Davis Jr.], American hip-hop DJ and rapper (Screwed Up Click), dies of codeine overdose coupled with mixed drug intoxication at 29
  • 2000 Joe C. [Joseph Calleja], American rapper (hype man for Kid Rock), dies at 26
  • 2001 Jack Rothstein, British concert violinist (London Czech Trio), conductor (Viennese Orchestra of London), and session player (The Beatles – “I Am the Walrus”; “Within You Without You”; Paul McCartney – “Here Today”), dies at 75
  • 2001 Tommy Flanagan, American jazz pianist (b. 1930)
  • 2003 Bettina Goislard, French relief worker (b. 1974)
  • 2004 Margaret Hassan, Irish aid worker in Iraq, abducted at 59 (presumed dead)
  • 2004 Massimo Freccia, Italian-American conductor (New Orleans Symphony, 1944-52: Baltimore Symphony), 1952-59, dies at 98
  • 2005 Bob van Toll, Dutch actor and director (Pastorale 1943), dies at 62
  • 2005 Donald Watson, English founder of the Vegan Society (b. 1910)
  • 2005 Henry Taube, Canadian-born American chemist, (1983 Nobel Prize – mechanisms of electron-transfer reactions), dies at 89
  • 2005 Ralph Edwards, American TV host (This is Your Life), dies at 92
  • 2006 Geoff Griffin, South African cricket fast bowler (2 Tests; first RSA Test hat-trick 1960; throwing controversy), dies at 67
  • 2006 John Veale, English composer (Panorama; The Purple Plain), dies at 84

American economist (Nobel Prize Economics 1976), dies at 94

Milton Friedman

  • 2006 Yuri Levada, Russian sociologist and political scientist, dies at 76
  • 2007 Don Metz, Canadian ice hockey right wing (Stanley Cup 1942, 45, 47, 48, 49 Toronto Maple Leafs), dies at 91
  • 2007 Gene Golub, American mathematician known for his work on numerical analysis, dies at 75
  • 2007 Grethe Kausland, Norwegian actress and singer (b. 1947)
  • 2007 Harold Alfond, American businessman and founder of Dexter Shoe Company, dies at 93
  • 2007 Trond Kirkvaag, Norwegian comedian and author, dies at 61
  • 2008 Ralph “Rusty” Gill, American singer (Polka Time), dies at 89
  • 2008 Reg Varney, English actor (On the Buses), dies at 92
  • 2009 Edward Woodward, British actor (Breaker Morant; Wickerman; The Equalizer), and pop singer (“The Way You Look Tonight”), dies at 79
  • 2009 Jeff Clyne, British acoustic and electric jazz bassist, dies of a heart attack at 72
  • 2009 Robert J. Frankel, American thoroughbred race horse trainer (5 x Eclipse Award for Outstanding Trainer; US Champion Trainer by earnings 1993, 2002, 03), dies from leukemia at 68
  • 2010 Britton Chance, American molecular biologist and yachtsman (Olympic gold 5½m Class 1952), dies at 97
  • 2010 Donald Nyrop, American airline executive (b. 1912)
  • 2010 Ronni Chasen, American film publicist (b. 1946)
  • 2010 Wyngard Tracy, Filipino talent manager (b. 1952)
  • 2012 Bob Scott, New Zealand rugby union fullback (17 Tests; Auckland RU), dies at 91
  • 2013 Arne Pedersen, Norwegian soccer inside forward (40 caps; Fredrikstad), dies at 82
  • 2013 Chris Argyris, American business theorist and educator, dies at 90
  • 2014 Charles Champlin, American film critic and writer (Los Angeles Times, 1965-80), television host, and educator, dies at 88
  • 2014 Ian Craig, Australian cricket batsman and captain (11 Tests; NSW), dies from cancer at 79
  • 2015 Bert Olmstead, Canadian Hockey HOF left wing (Stanley Cup, Montreal Canadiens 1953, 56, 57, 58; Toronto Maple Leafs 1962), dies from stroke complications at 89
  • 2015 David Canary, American actor (Bonanza, All My Children), dies at 77
  • 2015 Stephen Birmingham, American author (Real Lace: America’s Irish Rich, dies at 86
  • 2016 Jay Forrester, American engineer, invented random-access magnetic core memory, dies at 98
  • 2016 Melvin Laird, American politician (Rep-R-Mich), US Secretary of Defense (1969-73), dies at 94
  • 2017 Ann Wedgeworth, American Tony Award-winning stage and screen character actress (Chapter Two; Scarecrow; Evening Shade), dies at 83
  • 2017 Ferdie Pacheco, American physician (cornerman for Mohammad Ali) and boxing analyst (NBC, Showtime), dies at 89
  • 2018 Flemming Nielsen, Danish soccer midfielder (26 caps, Olympic silver 1960; Atalanta, Morton FC), dies at 84
  • 2018 William Goldman, American screenwriter and author (Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid), dies at 87
  • 2019 Terry O’Neill, British fashion and celebrity photographer, dies of prostate cancer at 81
  • 2020 Antonis Georgiadis, Greek soccer manager (Greece, South Africa; AEK Athens, Olympiacos), dies at 87
  • 2022 Gerhard Rodax, Austrian soccer striker (20 caps; FF Admira Wacker, Atlético Madrid, SK Rapid Wien), dies at 57
  • 2022 Mick Goodrick, American jazz guitarist (Liberation Music Orchestra), and pedagogue (The Advancing Guitarist), dies from complications of Parkinson’s Disease at 77
  • 2022 Robert Clary [Widerman], French-American actor (Hogan’s Heroes – “Cpl LeBeau”; Days of Our Lives), singer, author, artist, lecturer, and Holocaust survivor, dies at 96 [1]
  • 2023 A. S. Byatt [Antonia Susan Byatt], English novelist (Possession), dies at 87 [1]
  • 2023 Bobby Ussery, American thoroughbred horse racing HOF jockey (Preakness Stakes 1960; Kentucky Derby 1967), dies of heart failure at 88
  • 2023 George Brown, American R&B and funk drummer (Kool & the Gang – “Celebration”), dies of lung cancer at 74 [1]
  • 2023 Johnny Green, American basketball power forward (NBA All-Star 1962, 63, 65, 71; NY Knicks, Baltimore Bullets, SD Rockets, Philadelphia 76ers, Cincinnati Royals/KC-Omaha Kings), dies at 89
  • 2023 Thomas J. Bliley Jr., American politician (Rep-R-VA, 1981-2001), dies at 91

November 16 Highlights

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Famous Birthdays on November 16

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Tiberius

  • 1436 Leonardo Loredan, Venetian nobleman, statesman and Doge of Venice (1501-21), born in Venice (d. 1521)
  • 1528 Jeanne d’Albret, Queen of Navarre (1555-72), mother of French King Henry IV, born in the royal palace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France (d. 1572)
  • 1569 Paul Sartorius, German composer, born in the Free Imperial City of Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1609)
  • 1587 Joost van den Vondel, Dutch poet and dramatist (Jephtha), often regarded as the greatest writer in Dutch, born in Cologne, Germany (d. 1679)
  • 1603 Augustyn Kordecki, Polish prior, born in Iwanowice, Kalisz, Poland (d. 1673)
  • 1609 Henrietta Maria, French-born daughter of Henry IV of France and Queen Consort of England, born at the Palais du Louvre, Paris (d. 1669)
  • 1615 Guillaume Dumanoir, French composer, born in Paris (d. 1697)
  • 1642 Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest, Dutch admiral and buccaneer of Zeeland, born in Vlissingen, Netherlands (d. 1706)
  • 1643 Jean Chardin, French explorer (Middle East and India), born in Paris (d. 1713)
  • 1653 Joan van Hoorn, Dutch businessman and administrator (Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, 1704-09), born in Amsterdam, Dutch Republic (d. 1711)
  • 1664 Abraham Alewijn, Dutch poet and playwright (Puiterveense Helleveeg), born in Amsterdam (d. 1721)
  • 1715 Girolamo Abos, Maltese composer, born in Valletta, Malta (d. 1760)

Jean-Baptiste Le Rond d'Alembert

  • 1720 Charles-Antoine Campion, Italian composer, born in Lunéville, Lorraine, France (d. 1788)
  • 1730 Gualtherus van Doeveren, Dutch physician, and educator (University of Groningen, Leiden University), born in Philippine, Zealand, Netherlands (d. 1783)
  • 1757 Daniel Read, American composer, born in Attleboro, Massachusetts (d. 1836)
  • 1758 Peter Andreas Heiberg, Danish author and philologist, born in Vordingborg, Denmark (d. 1841)
  • 1762 Petronella Moens, Frisian author and feminist, born in Kûbaard, Netherlands (d. 1843)
  • 1766 Rodolphe Kreutzer, French composer (La mort d’Abel) and virtuoso violinist, born in Versailles, France (d. 1831)
  • 1770 Étienne Pivert de Senancour, French author (Obermann), born in Paris (d. 1846)
  • 1780 Robert Archibald Smith, Scottish composer, musical dierctor, and ethno-musicoolgist (Scotish Minstrels), born in Reading, England (d. 1829)
  • 1793 Francis Danby, Irish painter, born in County Wexford, Ireland (d. 1861)
  • 1807 François George-Hainl, French cellist and composer, born in Issoire, France (d. 1873)
  • 1810 Friedrich Wilhelm Kücken, German composer, born in Bleckede, Germany (d. 1882)
  • 1822 Charles Smith Hamilton, American Major General (Union Army), born in Westernville, New York (d. 1891)
  • 1827 James Southerton, English cricket spin bowler (2 Tests; played in first Test match; oldest player to make Test debut at 49; Sussex CCC, Hampshire CCC), born in Petworth, England (d. 1880)
  • 1835 Elliott Warren Rice, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Allegheny, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (d. 1887)
  • 1835 Eugenio Beltrami, Italian mathematician (non-Euclidean geometry), born in Cremona, Lombardy, Austrian Empire (d. 1900)
  • 1836 David Kalākaua, King of the Hawaiian Islands (1874-91), born in Honolulu, Kingdom of Hawaii (d. 1891)
  • 1839 Louis-Honoré Fréchette, Canadian poet, born in Lévis, Canada (d. 1908)
  • 1840 Frederick Scotson Clark, English organist and composer, born in Southwark, London (d. 1883)
  • 1841 Jules Violle, French physicist and inventor, born in Langres, France (d. 1923)
  • 1843 Manuel Gregorio Tavárez, Puerto Rican composer, born in San Juan, Puerto Rico (d. 1883)
  • 1847 Edmund James Flynn, Canadian politician (10th Premier of Quebec), born in Percé, Canada (d. 1927)
  • 1854 Jules van den Heuvel, Belgian lawyer, politician (Minister of Justice, 1899-1907), and diplomat (Ambassador to the Vatican, 1915-18), born in Ghent, Belgium (d. 1926)
  • 1860 Edmund Schücker, Austrian composer, born in Vienna (d. 1911)
  • 1861 Václav Suk, Czech-born Russian composer and violinist, born in Kladno, Bohemia (d. 1933)
  • 1862 Charles Turner, Australian cricket fast bowler (17 Tests; 101 wickets @ 16.53; fastest to 50 Test wickets; NSWCA), born in Bathurst, Australia (d. 1944)

W. C. Handy

  • 1877 Halliwell Hobbes, British actor (Gaslight, Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde), born in Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire, England (d. 1962)
  • 1880 Thomas Ince, American actor and silent film director who pioneered the Western genre, born in Newport, Rhode Island (d. 1924)
  • 1881 Joel H. Hildebrand, American chemist and educator (research led to new treatments for divers with the ‘bends’ through the use of helium and oxygen breathing mixtures), born in Camden, New Jersey (d. 1983)
  • 1883 Eugeen Van de Velde, Flemish musicologist, choir director, and composer (In Tempore Belli), born in Belgium (d. 1958)
  • 1885 Mikiel Gonzi, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Malta (1944-76), born in Vittoriosa, Birgu, Malta (d. 1984)
  • 1887 Philip H. Frohman, American architect (Washington National Cathedral), born in New York City (d. 1972)
  • 1888 Burnet Corwin Tuthill, American composer (Laurentia), born in New York City (d. 1982)
  • 1888 Clinton Golden, American labor leader (founder of the United Steelworkers of America), born in Pottsville, Pennsylvania (d. 1961)
  • 1888 Henri Bosco, French author and poet (Gogol), born in Avignon, France (d. 1976)
  • 1889 George S. Kaufman, American playwright (This is Show Business), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (d. 1961)
  • 1889 Luis Cluzeau-Mortet, Uruguayan composer, born in Montevideo, Uruguay (d. 1957)
  • 1890 Aloÿs-Henri-Gérard Fornerod, Swiss composer, born in Montet-Cudrefin, Switzerland (d. 1965)

Elpidio Quirino

  • 1890 George Seldes, American investigative journalist, born in Alliance Colony, New Jersey (d. 1995)
  • 1892 Guo Moruo, Chinese scholar and writer, born in Leshan, Sichuan, China (d. 1978)
  • 1892 Tazio Nuvolari, Italian auto racer (72 x major race wins; 24 Hours of Le Mans 1933; European Championship 1932), born in Castel d’Ario, Italy (d. 1953)
  • 1893 Cornelis Jakob van der Klauw, Dutch biologist and zoologist, born in Amsterdam (d. 1972)
  • 1893 Cristóbal Torriente, Cuban Baseball HOF outfielder (NgL NL batting champion 1920; NgL NL pennant 1920–22; Chicago American Giants; career batting average: .352), born in Cienfuegos, Cuba (d. 1938)
  • 1894 Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi, Austrian-Japanese politician, born in Tokyo, Japan (d. 1972)
  • 1895 Eduard Bagritsky, Russian-Soviet poet and journalist (South-West), born in Odessa, Russian Empire (d. 1934)
  • 1895 Michael Arlen [Dikran Kouyoumdjian], British author and scriptwriter (An American Verdict), born in Ruse, Bulgaria (d. 1956)

German composer (Mathis der Maler), born in Hanau

Paul Hindemith

  • 1896 Jim Jordan, American actor and radio comedian (Fibber McGee), born in Peoria, Illinois (d. 1988)
  • 1896 Joan Lindsay, Australian author (Picnic at Hanging Rock), born in St Kilda East, Victoria, Australia (d. 1984)
  • 1896 Lawrence Tibbett, American baritone (Metropolitan 1923-50), born in Bakersfield, California (d. 1960)

British politician and founder of British Union of Fascists, born in London

Oswald Mosley

  • 1897 Choudhary Rehmat Ali, Pakistani nationalist (one of the earliest proponents of the creation of the state of Pakistan and recognized as the creator of the name “Pakistan” for a separate Muslim, homeland in South Asia and is known as the founder of the Pakistan National Movement), born in Garhshankar, Punjab, British India (d. 1951)
  • 1898 Warren Sturgis McCulloch, American neurophysiologist and psychiatrist (“A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity” with Walter Pitts), born in Orange, New Jersey (d. 1969)
  • 1899 Mary Margaret McBride, American radio personality (WOR-AM, NYC), born in Paris, Missouri (d. 1976)
  • 1902 Marcel Boereboom, Belgian musicologist, born in Stalhille, Jabbeke, Belgium (d. 1985)
  • 1904 Eddie Condon, American jazz guitarist (Eddie Condon’s Floor Show), born in Goodland, Indiana (d. 1973)
  • 1904 Frederik van der Meer, Dutch archaeologist and art historian, born in Bolsward (d. 1994)
  • 1904 Nnamdi Azikiwe, 1st President of Nigeria (1963-66), born in Zungeru, Northern Nigeria Protectorate (d. 1996)

American actor (Mr Novak, The Penguin in Batman, Rocky), born in Cleveland, Ohio

Burgess Meredith

  • 1908 Sœur Emmanuelle [Madeleine Cinquin], Belgian-French and honorary Egyptian religious sister (Roman Catholic), human rights worker, and writer (Un pauvre a crié, le Seigneur l’écoute), born in Brussels, Belgium (d. 2008)
  • 1912 Anton [Tom] Koolhaas, Dutch author (Gekke Witte), born in Utrecht, Netherlands (d. 1992)
  • 1912 George Petrie, American actor (Planes, Trains & Automobiles, Honeymooners), born in New Haven, Connecticut (d. 1997)
  • 1916 Daws Butler, American animation voice (Yogi Bear, Huckleberry Hound), born in Toledo, Ohio (d. 1988)
  • 1917 John Whiting, British actor, dramatist and critic (PT Raiders, The Devils, The Good Companions), born in Salisbury, England (d. 1963)
  • 1919 Udo Kasemets, Estonian-born Canadian composer, born in Talinn, Estonia (d. 2014)
  • 1920 Betty Hicks, American golfer, author (US Open runner-up 1948, 54), born in Long Beach, California (d. 2011)
  • 1921 Ethel Gabriel (nee Nagy), American record producer and label executive (RCA, 1943-84), born in Milmont Park, Pennsylvania (d. 2021)
  • 1922 Gene Amdahl, American computer scientist who designed the IBM mainframe, born in Flandreau, South Dakota (d. 2015)

Portuguese writer, novelist (Blindness, The Gospel According to Jesus Christ) and Nobel laureate, born in Azinhaga, Santarém, Portugal

José Saramago

  • 1922 Royal Dano, American actor (Red Badge of Courage, Cocaine Wars, House II), born in New York City (d. 1994)
  • 1924 Carlos Camacho, American dentist, and politician (1st elected Governor of Guam, 1971-75), born in Hagåtña, Guam (d. 1979)
  • 1924 Joep de Boer, Dutch naval officer and politician (CDA), born in Venlo, Netherlands (d. 2006)
  • 1924 Mel Patton, American athlete (Olympic gold 200m, 4x100m relay 1948; WR 100 yards 9.2s 1948), born in Los Angeles, California, (d. 2014)
  • 1925 Michel Jouvet, French neuroscientist and medical researcher who discovered the region of the brain that controls rapid eye movement (REM sleep), born in Lons-le-Saunier, Jura, France (d. 2017)
  • 1926 Ton de Leeuw, Dutch composer, born in Rotterdam, Netherlands (d. 1996)
  • 1927 Barbara Payton [Redfield], American actress known for her tumultuous private life (Dallas, Trapped, Bad Blonde), born in Cloquet, Minnesota (d. 1967)
  • 1928 (William) “Clu” Gulager, American actor (Virginian; The Tall Man; The Last Picture Show), born in Holdenville, Oklahoma (d. 2022)
  • 1929 Renate Rubinstein, German-Dutch author and columnist (Tamar), born in Berlin (d. 1990)
  • 1930 Alice Adams, American sculptor, born in New York City [1]

Nigerian poet and novelist (Things Fall Apart, Christmas in Biafra), born in Ogidi, Anambra, Nigeria

Chinua Achebe

  • 1930 Salvatore Riina, Italian mobster and chief of the Sicilian Mafia, born in Corleone, Sicily, Italy (d. 2017)
  • 1930 Walter Cole [stage name Darcelle XV] American drag performer (Portland’s Darcelle XV Showplace, aged 85 became world’s oldest drag performer), born in Portland, Oregon (d. 2023) [1]
  • 1931 Bob Gibson, American folk musician, born in Brooklyn, New York City (d. 1996)
  • 1931 Frank Bolling, American baseball second baseman (MLB All-Star 1961–62²; Gold Glove Award 1958; Detroit Tigers, Milwaukee/Atlanta Braves), born in Mobile, Alabama (d. 2020)
  • 1931 Hubert Sumlin, American blues guitarist (Howlin’ Wolf), born in Greenwood, Mississippi (d. 2011)
  • 1931 Luciano Bottaro, Italian comic book artist, born in Rapallo, Italy (d. 2006)
  • 1932 Barbara Romack, American golfer (US Curtis Cup team 1954, 56, 58), born in Sacramento, CA (d. 2016)
  • 1933 Garnet Mimms, American soul singer (The Enchanters – “Cry Baby”; “A Quiet Place”), born in Ashland, West Virginia
  • 1933 Guy Stockwell, American stage and screen actor (Adventures in Paradise – “Chris”; Beau Geste (1966)), born in New York City (d. 2002)
  • 1933 Mike Giddings, American football coach and scout (HC University of Utah, Denver Broncos director pro scouting; pioneer independent scouting & NFL analytics), born in Newport Beach, California (d. 2023)
  • 1935 Elizabeth Drew, American journalist (Politics & Money: The Road to Corruption), born in Cincinnati, Ohio
  • 1935 France-Albert René, 2nd President of Seychelles (1977-2004), born in Victoria, Crown Colony of Seychelles (d. 2019)
  • 1935 Magdi Yacoub, Egyptian-British pioneering heart surgeon, born in Bilbeis, Egypt
  • 1936 Isaac Berger, American weightlifter (Olympic gold 60kg 1956, silver 1960, 64; World C’ship gold 1958, 61), born in Jerusalem, Palestine (d. 2022)
  • 1936 John Moore, Australian politician (Minister of Defence 1998-2001), born in Rockhampton, Queensland
  • 1936 Shirvani Chalayev, Daghestanian composer, born in Khosrekh, Daghestan, Russia
  • 1938 Richard “Dickie” Landry, American saxophonist (Philip Glass Ensemble), composer, photographer, and visual artist, born in Cecilia, Louisiana
  • 1938 Robert Nozick, American philosopher (Anarchy, State, and Utopia), born in Brooklyn, New York (d. 2002)
  • 1938 Toni Brown, American rock piano player, singer-songwriter (Joy of Cooking), magazine editor (Relix, 1980-2002), and clinical psychologist, born in Madison, Wisconsin (d. 2022) [1]
  • 1939 Henrik Otto Donner, Finnish trumpeter, and avant garde and film score composer, born in Tampere, Finland (d. 2013)
  • 1940 Jorge Roldán, Guatemalan soccer midfielder (43 caps; Aurora FC 380 games) and coach (Aurora FC), born in Guatemala City, Guatemala (d. 2023)
  • 1941 Ann McLaughlin Korologos, 19th United States Secretary of Labor (1987-89), born in Chatham, New Jersey
  • 1941 Dan Penn [Pennington], American songwriter (“I’m Your Puppet”; “Cry Like a Baby”; “Do Right Woman, Do Right Man”), producer (The Boxtops). and singer, born in Vernon, Alabama
  • 1941 Gerry Marshall, British auto racer (625 x overall and class saloon wins), born in London, England (d. 2005)
  • 1942 Donna McKechnie, American Tony Award-winning actress and dancer (Company), born in Pontiac, Michigan
  • 1942 Joanna Pettet, British actress (Knots Landing, Cry of the Innocent), born in London
  • 1942 Willie Carson, Scottish jockey (5 x British Champion Jockey; 17 x British Classic Races; 100+ winners in a season x 23 times for total 3,828 wins), born in Stirling, Scotland
  • 1943 Jane Lazarre, American novelist and essayist (The Mother Knot, Beyond the Whiteness of Whiteness), born in Manhattan, New York (d. 2025)
  • 1943 Winfred “Blue” Lovett, American singer (Manhattans – “One Life to Live”), born in Macon, Georgia (d. 2014)
  • 1944 David O’Sullivan, New Zealand cricket left-arm spinner (in 11 Tests 1973-76), born in Palmerston North, New Zealand
  • 1944 Hugo Dittberner, German writer, born in Gieboldehausen, Germany
  • 1944 Jay Hammer, American actor (Fletcher Reade-Guiding Light), born in San Francisco, California
  • 1944 Oliver Braddick, British developmental psychologist who researched infant visual perception, birthplace unknown (d. 2022) [1]
  • 1945 (Mabon) “Teenie” Hodges, American soul and R&B guitarist, and songwriter (Hi Rhythm Section; Al Green – “Take Me To The River”; “Love And Happiness”), born in Germantown, Tennessee (d. 2014)
  • 1945 Martine van Hamel, Dutch-American ballerina (American Ballet Theatre, 1970-91; Nederlands Dans Theater III, 1991-97), and choreographer, born in Brussels, Belgium
  • 1945 Steve Railsback, American actor (The Stunt Man; Escape 2000), born in Dallas, Texas
  • 1946 Barbara Leigh, American actress (Vampirella), born in Ringgold, Georgia
  • 1946 Edward Higginbottom, British organist, choirmaster and conductor, born in Kendal, Westmoreland, England
  • 1946 Jo Jo White, American basketballer (Olympic gold – 1968), born in St. Louis, Missouri (d. 2018)
  • 1947 Ebby Thust, German boxing promoter and writer, born in Frankfurt-Sossenheim, Germany
  • 1948 Aline Issermann, French director (Amant Magnifiquew), born in Paris, France
  • 1948 Bonnie Greer, American-British playwright and critic, born in Chicago, Illinois
  • 1948 Chi Coltrane, American pop and new wave rock pianist, singer, and songwriter, born in Racine, Wisconsin
  • 1948 Sammy Figueroa, American jazz-funk-Latin-rock session and touring percussionist (Raíces; Chic; Sonny Rollins; Average White Band), born in The Bronx, New York
  • 1949 Pattie Santos, American singer (It’s a Beautiful Day – “It’s A Beautiful Day”), born in San Francisco, California (d. 1989)
  • 1949 William Ackerman, American guitarist and composer, founder of Windham Hill Records, born in Palo Alto, California
  • 1950 Carl J. Meade, Major USAF and NASA astronaut (STS 38, STS 50, 64), born in Chanute Air Force Base, Illinois
  • 1950 David Leisure, American actor (Joe Isuzu, Airplane, Charley-Empty Nest), born in San Diego, California
  • 1950 John Swartzwelder, American television writer (The Simpsons), born in Seattle, Washington
  • 1951 Miguel Sandoval, American actor (Medium), born in Washington, D.C.
  • 1951 Paula Vogel, American playwright (How I Learned to Drive, Mother Play), born in Washington, D.C.
  • 1952 Piero Falchetta, Italian archivist (Biblioteca Marciana), born in Venice, Italy
  • 1952 Robin McKinley, American writer (The Hero and the Crown), born in Warren, Ohio

1952 Japanese video game designer (Nintendo, creator of Mario and The Legend of Zelda), born in Sonobe, Kyoto, Japan

Shigeru Miyamoto

  • 1953 Griff Rhys Jones, British humorist and actor (Morons From Outer Space), born in Cardiff, Wales
  • 1954 Andrea Barrett, American novelist (Servants of the Map), born in Boston, Massachusetts
  • 1954 Bruce Edwards, American golf caddie (mainly for 5 x British Open champion Tom Watson), born in Wethersfield, Connecticut (d. 2004)
  • 1954 Luis Conte, Cuban session and touring percussionist (Madonna; Jackson Browne; James Taylor; Shakira), and bandleader, born in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
  • 1955 Chris Layton, American blues-rock drummer (Double Trouble – “Pride and Joy”; Kenny Wayne Shepherd), born in Corpus Christi, Texas
  • 1955 Pierre Larouche, Canadian National Hockey League player, born in Taschereau, Quebec
  • 1956 Terry Labonte, American auto racer (NASCAR HOF; Cup Series champion 1984, 96; IROC champion 1989), born in Corpus Christi, Texas
  • 1957 Ingemar Erlandsson, Swedish soccer defender (69 caps; Malmö FF 258 games), born in Glimåkra, Sweden (d. 2022)
  • 1957 Jacques Gamblin, French actor (“The Names of Love”, “Blaise”), born in Granville, France
  • 1957 Pete Higgins, American technologist, early Microsoft employee, and founding partner of Second Avenue Partners, birthplace unknown [1]
  • 1958 Boris Krivokapić, Serbian expert on international law, born in Belgrade, Serbia
  • 1958 Harry Rushakoff, American drummer (Concrete Blonde), born in Chicago, Illinois
  • 1958 Marg Helgenberger, American actress (CSI: Crime Scene Investigation), born in Fremont, Nebraska
  • 1958 Roberto Guerrero, Colombian-American race car driver in Formula One and Indycar, born in Medellin Colombia
  • 1959 Bert Cameron, Jamaican athlete (World C’ship gold 400m 1983; Olympic silver 4×400m relay 1988), born in Spanish Town, Jamaica

1959 American golfer (US Open 1995; 15 PGA Tour titles), born in Oxnard, California

Corey Pavin

  • 1961 Bruno Amato, American actor (The Internship), born in Orange, New Jersey
  • 1961 Chris Pitman, American session and touring rock musician (Zaum; Tool; Guns ‘N” Roses), born in Independence, Missouri
  • 1961 Corinne Hermès [Miller], French pop singer (“Si la vie est cadeau”), born in Lagny-sur-Marne, France

1961 English boxer (European champion), born in Hammersmith, England

Frank Bruno

  • 1962 Josh Silver, American rock keyboard player (Type O Negative), born in Brooklyn, New York City
  • 1963 Mani [Gary Mournfield], English rock bassist (Stone Roses; Primal Scream), born in Crumpsall, Manchester, England
  • 1963 Tim Ferguson. Australian comedian, film director, screenwriter, and author, born in Sydney, Australia

1963 American tennis player (Wimbledon runner-up 1990, Olympic doubles gold 1988), born in Houston, Texas

Zina Garrison

  • 1964 Diana Krall, Canadian Juno and Grammy Award-winning jazz pianist and singer, born in Nanaimo, British Columbia

1964 American baseball pitcher (4 x MLB All-Star; NL Cy Young Award, Triple Crown 1985 NY Mets; no-hitter 1996 NY Yankees), born in Tampa, Florida

Dwight Gooden

  • 1964 Harry Lennix, American actor (“Man of Steel”, “Dollhouse”), born in Chicago, Illinois
  • 1964 Maeve Quinlan, American actress known for “The Bold and the Beautiful”, born in Chicago, Illinois
  • 1964 Monica Bandini, Italian racing cyclist (World C’ship gold women’s team time trial 1988), born in Faenza, Italy (d. 2021)
  • 1965 Valeria Bruni Tedeschi, Italian-French actress, screenwriter and film director (A Castle in Italy, Normal People), born in Turin, Italy
  • 1966 Christian Lorenz, German keyboardist (Rammstein), born in East Berlin, East Germany
  • 1966 Dean McDermott, Canadian actor (Open Range) and television host (Chopped Canada), born in Toronto, Ontario
  • 1966 Tahir Shah, British travel writer and explorer, born in London
  • 1966 Tammy Lauren, actress (Angie, Out of the Blue), born in San Diego, California
  • 1966 Tim Scott, American baseball pitcher (Montreal Expos), born in Hanford, California
  • 1966 Tricia Cast, American actress (Bad News Bears, The Young and the Restless), born in Medford, New York
  • 1967 Craig Arnold, American poet (Made Flesh), born in the United States (d. 2009)

1967 American actress (Cosby Show, Different World, Angel Heart), born in San Francisco, California

Lisa Bonet

  • 1968 Chris Haney, American baseball pitcher (KC Royals), born in Baltimore, Maryland
  • 1969 Bryan Abrams, American singer (Color Me Badd – “I Want to Sex You Up”), born in Oklahoma City
  • 1969 Mike Devlin, American NFL guard/center (Buffalo Bills, Cardinals), born in Blacksburg, Virginia
  • 1970 Kōshi Rikudō, Japanese manga cartoon artist (Excel Saga), born in Dazaifu, Fukuoka, Japan
  • 1970 Martha Plimpton, American actress (Goonies, Mosquito Coast), born in New York City
  • 1971 Alexander Popov, Russian swimmer (Olympic gold 50/100m freestyle 1992, 96; World C’ship gold x 6; WR 50m freestyle 21.64; WR 100m freestyle 48.21), born in Lesnoy, Russia
  • 1971 Mustapha Hadji, Moroccan soccer midfielder (63 caps; AS Nancy 243 games), born in Ifrane Atlas-Saghir, Morocco
  • 1971 Waqar Younis, Pakistani cricketer, right arm fast/swing bowler, captain and head coach of Pakistan, born in Vehari, Punjab, Pakistan
  • 1973 Brendan Laney, New Zealand rugby player, born in Invercargill, New Zealand
  • 1973 Christian Horner, British motor racing executive (team principal Red Bull F1 team), born in Leamington Spa, England
  • 1973 Joe Hudepohl, American swimmer (Olympic gold 4×100m freestyle 1992, 4×200m freestyle 1996), born in Cincinnati, Ohio
  • 1974 Eric Judy, American rock bassist (Modest Mouse), born in Issaquah, Washington
  • 1974 Maurizio Margaglio, Italian ice dancer, born in Milan, Italy

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Historical Events on November 16

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13 General Tiberius‘ (later Emperor) triumphant procession through Rome after siege of Germany

  • 534 Second and final revision of the Justinian Code is published, a codified set of imperial and classical laws initially begun in 528
  • 1491 The case of the ‘Holy Child of La Guardia’, involving the kidnapping and murdering a Christian boy, concludes with public burning at the stake of nine Jews in Ávila, Spain
  • 1519 City of Havana moves to its current location to avoid mosquito infestations

1532 Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro captures Inca Emperor Atahualpa after a surprise ambush at Cajamarca in the Peruvian Andes

  • 1572 Troops under Spanish General Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo occupy and plunder Zutphen, Netherlands

1581 Tsar Ivan the Terrible attacks his son and heir, Ivan Ivanovich, with a scepter after an argument leading to the latter’s death three days later

Battle of Lützen

1632 Battle of Lützen: significant battle of Thirty Years’ War – Swedish and Saxon forces defeat the Holy Roman Empire, at cost of the death of Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus

Oration for Henrietta Maria

1669 French state funeral for Henrietta Maria, princess of France, widow of English King Charles I, at St Denis with famous oration by Bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet

  • 1676 First colonial prison organized in Nantucket, Massachusetts
  • 1677 French troops occupy Freiburg
  • 1700 Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I and Elector of Brandenburg Frederick I sign the Crown Treaty, allowing Prussia to be elevated to a kingdom in exchange for 8,000 troops in the upcoming War of the Spanish Succession
  • 1764 Native Americans surrender to the British during Pontiac’s War of Odawa Chief Pontiac
  • 1771 Dutch West India Company and Amsterdam divide Suriname between themselves
  • 1776 1st gun salute for an American warship in a foreign port – US Andrew Doria at Fort St Eustatius (Dutch Caribbean isalnd)
  • 1776 American Revolutionary War: British and Hessian troops take Fort Washington, New York marking one of biggest losses by US forces
  • 1798 Kentucky becomes first state to nullify an act of Congress
  • 1801 First edition of New York Evening Post
  • 1805 Battle at Schongrabern: Russian army stop French
  • 1824 New York City’s Fifth Avenue opens for business

Extracts from Letters to Henslow

1835 “Extracts from Letters to Henslow”, a collection of letters written by Charles Darwin during his voyage on the Beagle, is read to the Cambridge Philosophical Society and later published as a pamphlet

1839 US diplomat John Lloyd Stephens and British artist Frederick Catherwood first reach the ruins of the Maya city of Copan (modern Honduras)

  • 1840 New Zealand officially becomes a British colony
  • 1841 Life preservers made of cork are patented by Napoleon Guerin (NYC)

Dostoevsky Sentenced

1849 Russian court sentences Fyodor Dostoevsky to death for anti-government activities linked to a radical intellectual group; his sentence is later commuted to hard labor

  • 1856 Amsterdam post office at Nieuwezijds Voorburgwal opens
  • 1863 Battle of Campbell’s Station TN, 492 causalities
  • 1864 Confederate retreat at Lovejoy, Georgia
  • 1870 Spanish Parliament, “the Cortes” formally elects Italian Prince Amedeo Ferdinando Maria as King Amadeo I of Spain
  • 1875 Battle of Gundet: Ethiopian emperor Yohannes beats Egyptians
  • 1875 William Bonwill patents the first electrified dental mallet to fill cavities with gold
  • 1882 British gunboat HMS Flirt fires at and destroys villages of Abari and Asaba on the Forcado River in Niger, in retaliation for attack on British owned factory that left 5 Brits missing
  • 1894 6,000 Armenians massacred by Turks in Kurdistan
  • 1894 French captain Henri Decoeurs troops reach Nikki, West Africa
  • 1900 Inaugural concert by the Philadelphia Orchestra, led by Fritz Scheel at the Academy of Music; program includes works of Carl Goldmark, Ludwig von Beethoven, Piotr Tchaikovsky, Carl Maria von Weber, and Richard Wagner, with Russian pianist Ossip Gabrilowitsch as soloist [1]
  • 1901 Three-car race on Ocean Parkway, Brooklyn, with the fastest speed achieved by Henri Fournier, who drives a mile in 51 4/5 seconds
  • 1903 V Herbert & H Smith’s musical “Babette” premieres in NYC
  • 1905 Dutch Russian Count Witte becomes Prime Minister of Russia
  • 1907 Oklahoma becomes the United States 46th state
  • 1909 Dutch football club FC Eindhoven is founded in southern part of the city; Eredivisie 1954; KNVB Cup 1937
  • 1914 Federal Reserve System formally opens
  • 1916 I. Berlin, V. Herbert, H. Blossoms musical premieres in NYC
  • 1916 Russian La Satannaya ammunition factory explodes, killing 1,000
  • 1917 British occupy Tel Aviv and Jaffa
  • 1918 Hungarian People’s Republic declared
  • 1919 Admiral Miklós Horthy, head of the Hungarian National Army, seizes Budapest and will later become regent of the restored Kingdom of Hungary
  • 1920 1st postage stamp meter is set in Stamford Conn
  • 1920 Australia’s Qantas airways founded in Winton, Queensland as Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Limited

1922 Ottoman Caliph, Sultan Mehmed VI asks the British army for help

Pope Pius XI

1922 Pope Pius XI calls on Belgian people to unite

  • 1924 Cleveland Bulldogs lose, 12-7 to Frankford Yellow Jackets at Dunn Field; ends 31-game undefeated streak; NFL and major-league football record
  • 1925 American Association for Advancement of Atheism forms (NY)
  • 1925 Philip Barry’s play “In a Garden” premieres in NYC
  • 1926 New York Rangers ice hockey club first game; beat Montreal Maroons, 1-0 at Madison Square Garden, NYC

Getulio Vargas Dictator

1933 Brazilian President Getulio Vargas declares himself dictator

  • 1933 Swiss physicist Fritz Zwicky publishes the first evidence for the existence of dark matter in his seminal article “The Redshift of Extragalactic Nebulae” [1]

US Establishes Relations with the USSR

1933 US President Franklin Roosevelt establishes diplomatic relations with USSR

  • 1936 German air force begins bombing of Madrid
  • 1937 Several members of the Hesse-Darmstadt royal family die in a plane crash in Belgium while enroute to a family wedding in England; mother and brother of the groom among the dead as aircraft clipped a tall factory chimney
  • 1938 K B Regiment refuses round-table conference in East-India

LSD

1938 Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is first synthesized by Swiss chemist Dr. Albert Hofmann at Sandoz Laboratories in Basel, Switzerland

  • 1939 German U-boat torpedoes tanker Sliedrecht near Ireland
  • 1940 World War II: In response to Germany’s leveling of Coventry, England two days before, the Royal Air Force bombs Hamburg.
  • 1941 German troops conquer Kertsh (probably)
  • 1942 Assault of US B-17 Flying Fortresses on airport at Sidi Ahmed
  • 1943 WW II: American bombers strike a hydro-electric power facility and heavy water factory in German-controlled Vemork, Norway
  • 1944 US 9th division & 1st Army attacks at Geilenkirchen
  • 1945 Founding of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
  • 1945 Two new elements discovered by Glenn Seaborg, James, Morgan and Albert Ghiorso were are announced: americium (atomic number 95) and curium (atomic number 96)
  • 1945 Yeshiva College (University), chartered in NY, 1st US Jewish College
  • 1947 15,000 demonstrate in Brussels against mild sentence of Nazis
  • 1950 Egyptian King Faruk demands departure of all British troops
  • 1950 UN gets US government approval to issue postage stamps
  • 1950 US President Harry Truman proclaims emergency crisis caused by communist threat
  • 1952 Papagos’ Greek Concentratie wins Greeks parliamentary election
  • 1955 Sultan Sidi Mohammed Ben Yussuph V returns to Morocco
  • 1956 Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor, named Musical Director of La Scala Teatro in Milan, Italy
  • 1957 American murderer and bodysnatcher Ed Gein kills his last victim

1957 BBC’s 1st pop music show, the “Six-Five Special”, is broadcast from the tiny 2i’s Coffee Bar in London

  • 1957 Boson Celtics’ center Bill Russell sets NBA record of 49 rebounds as Boston beats Philadelphia Warriors, 111-89 at Boston Gardens
  • 1957 University of Oklahoma Football NCAA win streak ends at 47 after losing 7-0 to Notre Dame at Oklahoma Memorial Stadium
  • 1959 Boston business executive Billy Sullivan is awarded eighth and final franchise of developing American Football League (AFL); later branded Boston Patriots
  • 1959 Musical “The Sound of Music” by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II opens at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre in NYC and runs for 1,443 performances
  • 1960 NL batting champion Dick Groat of the Pittsburgh Pirateds wins MVP

1960 US Marshals escort four six-year-old African American girls to previously all-white public schools in New Orleans in response to death threats against the girls and race riots

  • 1961 United Kingdom limits immigration from Commonwealth countries

1961 US President JFK decides to increase military aid to South Vietnam without committing US combat troops

  • 1962 Kuwait adopts constitution (1st, Islamitic)
  • 1962 SF Warriors center Wilt Chamberlain scores 73 points in 127-111 win over NY Knicks at Madison Square Garden
  • 1963 Toledo, OH newspaper strike began
  • 1964 Radio CJCX Sydney Nova Scotia (Canada) starts shortwave transmission
  • 1964 USSR performs nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan
  • 1965 Venera 3 launched, 1st to land on another planet (crashes into Venus)
  • 1965 Walt Disney launches Epcot Center: Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow
  • 1966 “Greatest Hits” album by The Temptations is released (Billboard Album of the Year 1967)
  • 1966 Dr Sam Sheppard freed by a jury after 9 years in jail
  • 1966 Ken Loach’s television play “Cathy Come Home” is broadcast on the BBC, challenging attitudes towards homelessness in Britain
  • 1966 Pittsburgh Pirates outfielder Roberto Clemente is named NL MVP
  • 1968 The Derry Citizens Action Committee defies a ban on marches in Derry, Northern Ireland, by marching with an estimated 15,000 people
  • 1969 1968 Mỹ Lai massacre of between 347 and 504 unarmed South Vietnamese civilians by US soldiers is first reported
  • 1969 US President Richard Nixon becomes first president to attend a season NFL game while in office: the Dallas Cowboys visit the Washington Redskins, winning 41-28
  • 1970 South Vietnamese Vice President Nguyen Cao Ky defends operations in Cambodia because communist forces could overrun South Vietnam “within 24 hours” if troops operating there were withdrawn
  • 1970 Two men are shot dead by the Irish Republican Army (IRA)
  • 1971 The Compton inquiry is published, acknowledging that there was ill-treatment of internees, but rejected claims of systematic brutality or torture (Northern Ireland)
  • 1971 The US increase air activity to support the Cambodian government as fighting neared Phnom Penh
  • 1972 Elektra Records releases “No Secrets’, the third studio album by American singer-songwriter Carly Simon; her commercial breakthrough spends 5 weeks at top of US charts and contains the hit singles “You’re So Vain” and “The Right Thing to Do”

Mind Games

1973 Apple Records releases John Lennon‘s fourth studio album, “Mind Games” in UK

Bowie on Midnight Special

1973 Singer David Bowie performs on TV’s “Midnight Special”, set includes duet with Marianne Faithfull covering Sonny & Cher‘s hit “I Got You, Babe”

  • 1973 Skylab 4 launched into Earth orbit

Alaskan Pipeline

1973 US President Richard Nixon authorizes construction of the Alaskan pipeline

ABBA On Tour

1974 ABBA departs Sweden for their first tour of Europe – their first tour outside of their home country

  • 1974 John Lennon‘s single “Whatever Gets You Through the Night,” featuring Elton John, goes to #1 in the US; he is the last of the Beatles with a solo chart-topper, and it is the only one during his lifetime
  • 1974 NBA Milwaukee Bucks lose their team record 11th straight game, falling 92-89 to vhe visiting Cleveland Cavaliers
  • 1974 The first intentional interstellar radio message is sent from Arecibo Observatory’s radio telescope in Puerto Rico towards M13, a cluster of stars some 25,000 light-years away
  • 1976 René Levesque’s Parti Québécois wins elections in Quebec

Barry’s Free Throw Streak

1976 Rick Barry (San Francisco), ends then longest NBA free throw streak of 60

  • 1980 Tampa Bay Buccaneer QB Doug Williams throws for 486 yards
  • 1981 Dennis Lillee kicks Javed Miandad after he had waved his bat at Dennis

Reagan’s Covert Plan

1981 President Reagan decides on a covert plan to block the Cuban aid to Nicaragua and El Salvador

  • 1982 5th NASA Space Shuttle Mission Columbia lands at Edwards Air Force Base after 5 days in space, completing its 1st operational flight
  • 1982 Agreement reached ending 57 day football strike

The Real Thing

1982 Tom Stoppard‘s play “The Real Thing” premieres in London starring Felicity Kendal and Roger Rees

  • 1984 14th Shuttle Mission (51A) -Discovery 2- lands at Kennedy Space Center (Florida)
  • 1984 Houston blocks 20 Denver shots tying NBA regulation game record
  • 1984 John Lennon‘s “Every Man has a Woman Who Loves Him” is released posthumously

The Singing Detective

1986 Dennis Potter’s TV drama “The Singing Detective”, starring Michael Gambon, premieres on the BBC in the UK

Benazir Bhutto

1988 Pakistan’s Benazir Bhutto‘s PPP wins 1st free Pakistani elections in 11 years

  • 1989 Six Jesuit priests including Ignacio Ellacuría and two others are assassinated killed by Salvadoran army – one of the most notorious acts of the Salvadoran civil war

Separate Amenities Act

1989 South African President F. W. de Klerk announces scrapping of Separate Amenities Act

  • 1989 UNESCO adopts the Seville Statement on Violence at the 25th session of its General Conference, stating “we are not condemned to war and violence because of our biology” [1]
  • 1990 Former Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega claims the US denied him a fair trial
  • 1995 Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother undergoes hip surgery
  • 1995 US Attorney General Janet Reno announces she has Parkinson’s disease
  • 1997 People’s Republic of China releases pro-democracy dissident Wei Jingsheng from jail for medical reasons after nearly 18 years of incarceration
  • 1997 Revival of Sherman Edwards’ historical musical “1776”, featuring Brent Spiner, closes at the Criterion Theater to transfer to the George Gershwin Theatre, NYC

The Chronic 2001

1999 “The Chronic 2001” second studio album by rapper Dr. Dre is released

Clinton Visits Vietnam

2000 Bill Clinton becomes the first U.S. President to visit Vietnam since the end of the Vietnam War

Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone

2001 “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone”, 1st film adaptation of the book series by J. K. Rowling starring Daniel Radcliffe, premieres in US (Titled “Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s’s Stone” in some markets)

UN Resolution 1441

2002 Iraqi President Saddam Hussein says that he had to accept UN Resolution 1441 because the United States and Israel had shown their “claws and teeth” and declared unitlateral war on the Iraqi people

2002 The first case of SARS is recorded in Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China, though is not identified until much later. First patient is thought to be a farmer in the city.

Messi Debuts

2003 16-year-old Lionel Messi makes his official debut for FC Barcelona when he comes on as a substitute in a friendly against Porto

  • 2003 Roger Federer of Switzerland wins his first of 6 season-ending Tennis Masters Cup titles with a 6–3, 6–0, 6–4 victory over American Andre Agassi in the final in Houston, Texas
  • 2004 “Let Me Love You” single released by Mario (Billboard Song of the Year 2005)
  • 2005 CBS television broadcasts ”I Walk the Line: A Night For Johnny Cash” featuring concert performances by Dwight Yoakam, Martina McBride, Alison Krauss, U2, Norah Jones, Foo Fighters, Sheryl Crow, and others
  • 2008 Novak Đoković of Serbia wins his first career season-ending Tennis Masters Cup title beating Russian Nikolay Davydenko 6-1, 7-5 in the final in Shanghai, China

Bush Presidential Center

2010 In University Park, Texas, the groundbreaking ceremony for the George W. Bush Presidential Center takes place

  • 2012 The game “Call of Duty: Black Ops II” grosses $500 million in 24 hours to become the largest entertainment launch of all time

Bono Crashes Bicycle

2014 Irish rocker Bono crashes his bicycle and suffers arm, hand and eye socket injuries in Central Park, NYC

  • 2014 Klaus Iohannis wins the Romanian Presidential election
  • 2014 Novak Đoković claims 3 straight ATP World Tour Finals tennis titles after Roger Federer is forced to withdraw from the final in London through injury
  • 2015 A 1,111-carat diamond, the largest discovered in more than a century, is found in the Karowe mine, Botswana

Declaration Against ISIS

2015 French President François Hollande declares the country at war with ISIS in an address to parliament

  • 2017 19 countries pledge to phase out coal at UN Climate Summit in Bonn, Germany
  • 2017 Cambodian court rules to dissolve the country’s main opposition party Cambodia National Rescue party (CNRP)
  • 2017 US senator Al Franken accused of groping and forcibly kissing a woman
  • 2018 An elevator drops 84 floors at the John Hancock Center, Chicago, when the hoist rope breaks; all six occupants survive unharmed
  • 2018 The kilogram is refined by abstract constants replacing the Le Grand K, along with the ampere (electrical current) and kelvin (temperature) at a conference in Paris
  • 2019 500th anniversary of the founding of Havana, Cuba
  • 2019 Britain’s Prince Andrew refutes claims he had sex with 17 year-old connected to sex offender and friend Jeffery Epstein in BBC interview
  • 2019 Samoa declares state of emergency over measles epidemic closing all schools after six deaths
  • 2019 Sri Lankan Presidential election, won by former defense secretary Gotabaya Rajapaksa
  • 2020 Hurricane Iota makes landfall in Nicaragua as a category four storm, just 15 km south of Hurricane Eta 13 days ago
  • 2020 Peru’s Congress votes in its third interim President in a week, Francisco Sagasti after violent protests
  • 2020 US drugmaker Moderna says its COVID-19 vaccine is 94.5% effective in early data
  • 2021 Astronauts aboard the International Space Station take shelter after a Russian anti-satellite weapons test destroys a satellite, creating a large debris field

Record for Latin American Work

2021 Frida Kahlo‘s self-portrait “Diego y yo” (1949) sells for $34.9 million, setting a record price for a Latin American work at auction

  • 2021 Guanyu Zhou confirmed as China’s first F1 driver, racing for Alfa Romeo in 2022 [1]
  • 2021 Men’s roller derby team settles dispute with MLB baseball team, allowing both to use Cleveland Guardians name
  • 2022 Democratic congresswoman Karen Bass is the first woman to be elected mayor of the city of Los Angeles, defeating Rick Caruso [1]
  • 2022 NASA’s Artemis I mission carrying the uncrewed Orion spacecraft on a test mission around the Moon and back launches from Florida [1]
  • 2022 U.S. Food and Drug Administration gives first safety approval for lab-grown meat, specifically chicken grown from animal cells by Upside Foods [1]

Republicans Retake the House

2022 US Republican party regains control of the House of Representatives by a narrow margin, with Kevin McCarthy as Leader of the House [1]

  • 2023 Daryl Hall files a lawsuit and a request for a restraining order (later granted) against his music partner John Oates [1]
  • 2023 MLB owners unanimously approve Oakland A’s proposed move from California to Las Vegas, Nevada; it will become the franchise’s 4th home since being established in Philadelphia in 1901
  • 2023 Revival of John Du Prez and Eric Idle’s musical “Spamalot”, based on the film “Monty Python and the Holy Grail,” opens at the St. James Theatre, NYC

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