Nearly a third of Florida professors looking for work in another state Florida Phoenix
Click the Source link for more details
Nearly a third of Florida professors looking for work in another state – Florida Phoenix
Faculty Positions – CPG KFUPM: Computational Modeling & Energy Sustainability – Oil & Gas Journal
Faculty Positions – CPG KFUPM: Computational Modeling & Energy Sustainability Oil & Gas Journal
Click the Source link for more details
Mysterious Ancient Rock Carvings May Be Linked To The Native American Legend Of The False Face
Ellen Lloyd – AncientPages.com – To this day, the origins and purpose of the enigmatic rock carvings remain shrouded in mystery. Their age and meaning remain a mystery, with some estimates placing them at around 1,000 years old. However, Native American traditions suggest they are far older, tracing back to the era of their distant ancestors.
This ancient puzzle leaves us with more questions than answers. Intriguingly, similar carvings have not been discovered elsewhere in the state. Why we may wonder. Experts who have studied these rocks confess their uncertainty about the symbols’ significance. Perhaps they served as a warning, or maybe they hold a connection to the captivating Native American legend of the False Face.
The lack of definitive answers compels us to engage in a thoughtful exploration of the unspoken stories of history.
This is a preview of our premium article available only to members of Ancient Pages.
Become a member to read more – Click here
If you are already a member and have logged in to your account, you can access the article here
See also:
California’s Mysterious Ancient Wisdom Teacher And His Puzzling Connection To The Stars
Discovery Of An Unusually Large Ancient Artifact May Confirm Powerful Myth Of A Mysterious Race
Click the Source link for more details
What Happened To Britain’s Economy After The Romans Left?
Jan Bartek – AncientPages.com – What have the Romans ever done for us? In addition to their impressive architecture, advanced sanitation systems, and extensive road networks, they are credited with introducing large-scale lead and iron production to Britain.
However, the fate of the metal industry following the Roman departure around AD 400 has been largely unclear. It was commonly believed that industrial-scale production dwindled due to a lack of epigraphic evidence for lead exploitation after the 3rd century.
Credit: Pixabay – Public Domain
A recent study has shed light on this mystery by analyzing a sediment core from Aldborough in Yorkshire—a Roman town and metal production hub—revealing that metal production did not immediately decline after the Romans left Britain.
“Not all industrial commodity production ended in the early 5th century though,” states lead author of the research, Professor Christopher Loveluck from the University of Nottingham. “At Aldborough, it is possible metal production expanded steadily using the ores and coal-fuel of the Roman period.”
Researchers from the Universities of Cambridge, Nottingham, and other UK institutions conducted an analysis to test this hypothesis. They examined a five-meter-long sediment core extracted from Aldborough in Yorkshire, which was historically known as the Roman tribal town of the Brigantes and served as a significant metal production center.
“This core has provided the first unbroken continuous record and timeline of metal pollution and metal economic history in Britain, from the 5th century to the present day, at the heart of a major metal-producing region,” says Professor Loveluck.
Plan showing features detected by geophysical survey and the location of boreholes and excavations undertaken at Aldborough; b) the Roman metal-working complex under excavation in 2021. Credit: Antiquity. https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2025.10175
Their research reveals that metal production in Britain persisted well beyond the end of the Roman era, around AD 400, and only experienced a significant decline between AD 550 and 600. Although there is no conclusive evidence explaining this downturn, historical records and DNA analysis suggest that Europe was afflicted by the bubonic plague during this time, likely impacting economic activities.
Crucially, these findings demonstrate that there was not a complete financial collapse after the Romans departed. This challenges the common perception of post-Roman Britain as a “Dark Age” where production reverted to pre-Roman levels. Additionally, following this period, metal production experienced numerous fluctuations linked to various historical events, such as Henry VIII’s Dissolution of the Monasteries.
“It became uneconomical to make fresh metal because it was ripped off all the monasteries, abbeys and religious houses,” Professor Loveluck explains. “Large-scale production resumed in the later 16th century to resource Elizabeth I’s Spanish and French wars.”
See also: More Archaeology News
Overall, these findings show the early economic history of Britain is much more complex than previously assumed. For the first time, we can examine long-term changes in British metal production in relation to major historical events.
“The results offer a revolutionary new insight into the economic history of Britain, which contradicts previous thought that all industrial-scale commodity production collapsed at the end of the Roman period,” concludes Professor Loveluck.
The study was published in the journal Antiquity.
Written by Jan Bartek – AncientPages.com Staff Writer
Click the Source link for more details
MIT Physicists Propose First-Ever “Neutrino Laser”
Super-cooling radioactive atoms could create a laser-like neutrino beam, potentially opening a new avenue for studying these elusive particles and even enabling novel forms of communication.
Every instant, torrents of neutrinos pass through our bodies and the objects around us without leaving a trace. Smaller than electrons and lighter than photons, these ghostlike particles are the most abundant massive particles in the universe.
The exact mass of a neutrino remains unknown. Because they are minute and interact only rarely with matter, measuring them is extraordinarily challenging. To probe this, scientists use nuclear reactors and large particle accelerators to create unstable atoms that decay into several byproducts, including neutrinos. These facilities produce beams of neutrinos that researchers can study for properties such as mass.
MIT physicists now describe a much more compact and efficient approach to producing neutrinos that could be carried out on a tabletop.
In a paper appearing in Physical Review Letters, the physicists introduce the concept for a “neutrino laser” — a burst of neutrinos that could be produced by laser-cooling a gas of radioactive atoms down to temperatures colder than interstellar space. At such frigid temps, the team predicts the atoms should behave as one quantum entity, and radioactively decay in sync.
The decay of radioactive atoms naturally releases neutrinos, and the physicists say that in a coherent, quantum state this decay should accelerate, along with the production of neutrinos. This quantum effect should produce an amplified beam of neutrinos, broadly similar to how photons are amplified to produce conventional laser light.
“In our concept for a neutrino laser, the neutrinos would be emitted at a much faster rate than they normally would, sort of like a laser emits photons very fast,” says study co-author Ben Jones PhD ’15, an associate professor of physics at the University of Texas at Arlington.
As an example, the team calculated that such a neutrino laser could be realized by trapping 1 million atoms of rubidium-83. Normally, the radioactive atoms have a half-life of about 82 days, meaning that half the atoms decay, shedding an equivalent number of neutrinos, every 82 days. The physicists show that, by cooling rubidium-83 to a coherent, quantum state, the atoms should undergo radioactive decay in mere minutes.
“This is a novel way to accelerate radioactive decay and the production of neutrinos, which to my knowledge, has never been done,” says co-author Joseph Formaggio, professor of physics at MIT.
The team hopes to build a small tabletop demonstration to test their idea. If it works, they envision a neutrino laser could be used as a new form of communication, by which the particles could be sent directly through the Earth to underground stations and habitats. The neutrino laser could also be an efficient source of radioisotopes, which, along with neutrinos, are byproducts of radioactive decay. Such radioisotopes could be used to enhance medical imaging and cancer diagnostics.
Coherent condensate
For every atom in the universe, there are about a billion neutrinos. A large fraction of these invisible particles may have formed in the first moments following the Big Bang, and they persist in what physicists call the “cosmic neutrino background.” Neutrinos are also produced whenever atomic nuclei fuse together or break apart, such as in the fusion reactions in the sun’s core, and in the normal decay of radioactive materials.
Several years ago, Formaggio and Jones separately considered a novel possibility: What if a natural process of neutrino production could be enhanced through quantum coherence? Initial explorations revealed fundamental roadblocks in realizing this. Years later, while discussing the properties of ultracold tritium (an unstable isotope of hydrogen that undergoes radioactive decay) they asked: Could the production of neutrinos be enhanced if radioactive atoms such as tritium could be made so cold that they could be brought into a quantum state known as a Bose-Einstein condensate?
A Bose-Einstein condensate, or BEC, is a state of matter that forms when a gas of certain particles is cooled down to near absolute zero. At this point, the particles are brought down to their lowest energy level and stop moving as individuals. In this deep freeze, the particles can start to “feel” each others’ quantum effects, and can act as one coherent entity — a unique phase that can result in exotic physics.
BECs have been realized in a number of atomic species. (One of the first instances was with sodium atoms, by MIT’s Wolfgang Ketterle, who shared the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics for the result.) However, no one has made a BEC from radioactive atoms. To do so would be exceptionally challenging, as most radioisotopes have short half-lives and would decay entirely before they could be sufficiently cooled to form a BEC.
Nevertheless, Formaggio wondered, if radioactive atoms could be made into a BEC, would this enhance the production of neutrinos in some way? In trying to work out the quantum mechanical calculations, he found initially that no such effect was likely.
“It turned out to be a red herring — we can’t accelerate the process of radioactive decay, and neutrino production, just by making a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Formaggio says.
In sync with optics
Several years later, Jones revisited the idea, with an added ingredient: superradiance — a phenomenon of quantum optics that occurs when a collection of light-emitting atoms is stimulated to behave in sync. In this coherent phase, it’s predicted that the atoms should emit a burst of photons that is “superradiant,” or more radiant than when the atoms are normally out of sync.
Jones proposed to Formaggio that perhaps a similar superradiant effect is possible in a radioactive Bose-Einstein condensate, which could then result in a similar burst of neutrinos. The physicists went to the drawing board to work out the equations of quantum mechanics governing how light-emitting atoms morph from a coherent starting state into a superradiant state. They used the same equations to work out what radioactive atoms in a coherent BEC state would do.
“The outcome is: You get a lot more photons more quickly, and when you apply the same rules to something that gives you neutrinos, it will give you a whole bunch more neutrinos more quickly,” Formaggio explains. “That’s when the pieces clicked together, that superradiance in a radioactive condensate could enable this accelerated, laser-like neutrino emission.”
To test their concept in theory, the team calculated how neutrinos would be produced from a cloud of 1 million super-cooled rubidium-83 atoms. They found that, in the coherent BEC state, the atoms radioactively decayed at an accelerating rate, releasing a laser-like beam of neutrinos within minutes.
Now that the physicists have shown in theory that a neutrino laser is possible, they plan to test the idea with a small tabletop setup.
“It should be enough to take this radioactive material, vaporize it, trap it with lasers, cool it down, and then turn it into a Bose-Einstein condensate,” Jones says. “Then it should start doing this superradiance spontaneously.”
The pair acknowledge that such an experiment will require a number of precautions and careful manipulation.
“If it turns out that we can show it in the lab, then people can think about: Can we use this as a neutrino detector? Or a new form of communication?” Formaggio says. “That’s when the fun really starts.”
Never miss a breakthrough: Join the SciTechDaily newsletter.
Click the Source link for more details
Scientists Grow “Gold Quantum Needles” for Sharper Biomedical Imaging
Potential applications range from biomedical imaging to the conversion of light energy.
University of Tokyo researchers Shinjiro Takano, Yuya Hamasaki, and Tatsuya Tsukuda have directly imaged how the geometric arrangement of atoms in gold nanoclusters develops at the very earliest stages of growth.
Under the same conditions, the team also “grew” an unexpected elongated nanocluster structure that they named “gold quantum needles.” Because these “needles” respond strongly to near-infrared light, they could enable much sharper biomedical imaging and more effective light-energy conversion. The findings were reported in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
Gold may evoke luxury, yet at the nanoscale, it is a vital material in modern technology because it forms unusual structures with distinct properties. Gold nanoclusters with fewer than 100 atoms are typically produced by reducing, that is, adding electrons, gold precursor ions in the presence of protective ligands. Despite this, achieving precise control over size, shape, and composition remains difficult.
Opening the “Black Box” of Cluster Formation
“Over the past years,” says Tsukuda, the principal investigator, “much effort has been devoted to understanding the correlation between the structure and physicochemical properties of the nanoclusters. However, the formation process is regarded as a black box. We initiated this project with the belief that understanding the initial stages of cluster formation will lead to the development of new, targeted synthesis methods for desired structures.”
The researchers thus set out to determine the geometric structures of gold nanoclusters at the initial stages of their formation. They used slightly unusual synthesis conditions to trap the nanoclusters in the very first stages of growth. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, an X-ray for chemical compounds, if you will, revealed that gold nanoclusters grew anisotropically, at a different rate in different directions.
The Discovery of Gold Quantum Needles
Moreover, the analysis revealed an entirely new structure: pencil-shaped nanoclusters composed of triangular trimers and tetrahedral tetramers. The researchers named them “gold quantum needles” because the electrons confined in these nanoclusters demonstrated quantized behavior, a quantum phenomenon in which electrons can take only specific potential energies.
“We could retroactively explain the formation processes of a series of small gold nanoclusters under our unusual synthetic conditions,” Tsukuda explains. “However, the formation of needles with a base of a triangle of three gold atoms instead of a nearly spherical cluster is a serendipitous finding that was far beyond our imagination.”
The structural snapshots the researchers acquired of the stepwise growth of gold nanoclusters greatly contribute to our understanding of the formation mechanism. However, Tsukuda is already thinking about the next steps.
“We would like to explore synthesizing other, unique nanoclusters by refining the synthesis conditions further. We would also like to collaborate with other experts to promote the application of gold quantum needles, leveraging their exceptional optical properties.”
Reference: “X-ray Crystallographic Visualization of a Nucleation and Anisotropic Growth in Thiolate-Protected Gold Clusters: Toward Targeted Synthesis of Gold Quantum Needles” by Shinjiro Takano, Yuya Hamasaki and Tatsuya Tsukuda, 4 September 2025, Journal of the American Chemical Society.
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5c11089
Never miss a breakthrough: Join the SciTechDaily newsletter.
Click the Source link for more details
Get Out: Excommunicated in Medieval England
In 1229 the people of Dunstable declared that they would rather go to hell than submit in a dispute over taxes. This was not mere rhetoric: their clash over tolls was with the town’s priory, and they were excommunicated for their refusal to pay. Excommunication, they would have been told throughout their lives, ultimately resulted in eternal damnation. The theology was more nuanced, and absolution was always a possibility (even posthumously from 1198), but the average layperson in 13th-century England was taught to fear the spiritual effects of expulsion from the Church.
Didactic examples, typically used to liven up sermons, described miracles in which excommunicates were struck down by injury or death. Others explained that those who died excommunicate suffered – in one example ‘boiled’ – in hell. Their corpses were not permitted to be buried in consecrated ground; they could be, and were, exhumed, disposed of outside the cemeteries they had been illicitly polluting. Clergy concluded excommunication ceremonies by extinguishing candles that represented the souls of those condemned.
Excommunication was surely a terrifying prospect. Yet the received wisdom among academics is that, while it was the medieval Church’s most severe sanction, it was an ineffective one. It is certainly true that there are a number of high-profile excommunicates who were apparently unaffected by it. King John, excommunicated for three years between 1209 and 1212 by Pope Innocent III for refusing to accept Stephen Langton as archbishop of Canterbury, is the famous example. Such powerful figures potentially suffered more serious consequences – John eventually reconciled with the pope in response to the dual threats of deposition and a French invasion – but also wielded power that might enable them to weather ecclesiastical censures.
Further down the social scale, however, people lived as excommunicates for months and years or sought absolution only to be subsequently, in some cases frequently, re-excommunicated. It is worth pointing out that canon law required that sinners be warned before being excommunicated, so that the pious or fearful could avoid being sentenced in the first place. Yet it is clear that excommunication did not automatically induce offenders to alter their behaviour.
One reason was that action to avoid an afterlife in hell need not be taken immediately: absolution was always to be given to those who repented, especially if they were on their deathbeds, when anyone at all could theoretically provide it. Yet living as an excommunicate created numerous difficulties. As the name suggests, it forbade communication with other Christians. Those under the ban could not receive the sacraments and they could not attend church services, as one might expect. But excommunicates were also meant to be completely barred from the quotidian life of their fellows. By the 13th century various exceptions had been admitted – you did not have to ostracise your spouse, for instance, and a starving person could accept food from an excommunicate – but their exclusion was theoretically severe. Excommunicates had no legal standing in either secular or ecclesiastical courts. Their friends and neighbours were not permitted to talk to them, eat or drink with them, or trade with them. The sanction was in fact contagious, a spiritual leprosy: if someone conversed with an excommunicate, they would themselves incur a lesser form of excommunication. The unrepentant, like an infected limb, had to be amputated from the healthy body of Christian faithful.
This theory did not mean excommunicates all suffered complete exclusion. Some, such as the people of Dunstable, were excommunicated along with others, and presumably communicated with each other. Ralph, a wine merchant from Honey Lane in the City of London, had managed to live as an excommunicate for over three years in 1300. Judging by the letter sent to the mayor and community of the city, which noted that people were impudently associating with this ‘representative from the devil’ and putting themselves in danger of eternal malediction, Ralph had succeeded in living fairly normally. In addition to the typical injunctions not to eat or drink with the offender, the citizens were urged not to have commercial transactions with him, which implies his wine business had survived intact. It is impossible to know why Londoners failed to treat Ralph as an excommunicate, but it is possible that his offence, failing to properly execute a will, was not seen as particularly serious.
However severe the ultimate consequences of excommunication, it was not reserved only for the most serious crimes. It was used routinely by churchmen who were unable to use physical force to enforce their orders. Unscrupulous clergy using the power to excommunicate unfairly, despite whatever procedures guarded against that, undermined the sanction. Appeals on the grounds of justice were not permitted, which could result in a catch-22. In the 1220s Alice Clement lost her 40-year struggle to claim her inheritance because, as an excommunicate, she had no legal standing. She could not seek absolution because her offence was being an apostate nun: admitting her offence would mean returning to the nunnery at Ankerwyke in Berkshire which, she claimed, she had been unwillingly forced into as a child. Nuns could not inherit.
A century after Alice’s struggles, another runaway nun demonstrates another unpleasant experience for excommunicates: bad press. Joan of Leeds was so desperate to escape her nunnery that she faked her own death. Once this had been discovered, her excommunication was publicised throughout the diocese of York. The archbishop did not pull his punches: the faithful were informed every Sunday and feast day that Joan had left her convent in order to enjoy ‘shameless enticements of the flesh’, exchanging poverty and obedience for lust. These vehement denunciations, broadcast across sometimes very large geographical areas, and which gave only the Church’s version of events, were experienced by all excommunicates. How else would people know who to ostracise? Many complained bitterly about these public condemnations, which might have consequences long after they had sought absolution. The obvious need to explain who was excommunicated and why, coupled with the network of parish churches that spread throughout Europe, provided the Church with a tool of mass communication and, in some circumstances, of propaganda.
As for the people of Dunstable, their obstinacy did not last. Although there was a great deal of conflict before an agreement was reached between them and the prior, like the vast majority of excommunicates, they eventually made peace with the Church.
Felicity Hill is Lecturer in Medieval History at the University of St Andrews.
Click the Source link for more details
Purpose in Life Linked to 28% Lower Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia
A new study suggests that psychological well-being may be crucial for healthy aging.
Studies of Blue Zones, regions where people commonly live to older ages, suggest that a strong sense of purpose is linked with longer life.
New research from UC Davis indicates that purpose may offer another advantage as people get older: a lower risk of dementia.
The study, published in The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, tracked more than 13,000 adults aged 45 and above for up to 15 years.
Participants who reported a higher sense of purpose were about 28% less likely to develop cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia.
The protective effect of having a purpose was seen across racial and ethnic groups. It also remained significant even after accounting for education, depression and the APOE4 gene, which is a known risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease.
Purpose in life helps the brain stay resilient
“Our findings show that having a sense of purpose helps the brain stay resilient with age,” said Aliza Wingo, senior author and professor in the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. “Even for people with a genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease, sense of purpose was linked to a later onset and lower likelihood of developing dementia.”
Participants were not specifically asked about the activities that gave their life purpose. Previous studies on aging, though, have found a wide range of activities give older adults a sense of life purpose, sometimes referred to as “ikigai.” These include:
- Relationships: Caring for family, spending time with grandchildren, or supporting a spouse or friend.
- Work or volunteering: Continuing professional work, mentoring, or contributing to community causes.
- Spirituality or faith: Religious beliefs, spiritual practices or involvement in faith-based communities.
- Personal goals: Pursuing hobbies, learning new skills, or setting and achieving personal milestones.
- Helping others: Acts of kindness, philanthropy, caregivin,g or advocacy work.
Purpose delays onset of cognitive decline
Researchers also found that people with higher purpose tended to experience cognitive decline later than those with lower purpose. On average, the delay in onset was very modest — about 1.4 months over an eight-year period, after considering the effects of age, education, depressive symptoms, and genetic risk. However, it is meaningful when compared to current treatments.
“While medications like lecanemab and donanemab can modestly delay symptoms of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease, they come with risks and costs,” said Nicholas C. Howard, first author and public health researcher at UC Davis. “Purpose in life is free, safe, and accessible. It’s something people can build through relationships, goal,s and meaningful activities.”
Methods and limitations of study
Participants in the study were part of the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative survey funded by the National Institute on Aging. All had normal cognitive health at the beginning of the study.
Researchers used a seven-item survey from the Ryff Measures of Psychological Well-being. Participants had six possible responses (from “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree”) for statements such as: “I am an active person in carrying out the plans I set for myself” and “I have a sense of direction and purpose in my life.” Their answers were scored and averaged to obtain a well-being number between 1 and 6, with higher values indicating a strong sense of purpose in life.
Their cognitive health was tracked using a telephone-based test every two years.
The researchers noted the study has many strengths, including the size of the population studied. However, a key limitation is that although there was an association, the study did not prove higher levels of purpose caused the lowered rates of dementia.
Findings support role of psychological well-being
Still, the findings support the idea that psychological well-being plays a key role in healthy aging, said Thomas Wingo, a co-author of the study and a professor and neurologist at UC Davis Health. Wingo hopes future studies will explore whether purpose-building interventions can help prevent dementia.
“What’s exciting about this study is that people may be able to ‘think’ themselves into better health. Purpose in life is something we can nurture,” he said. “It’s never too early — or too late — to start thinking about what gives your life meaning.”
Reference: “Life Purpose Lowers Risk for Cognitive Impairment in a United States Population-Based Cohort” by Nicholas C. Howard, Ekaterina S. Gerasimov, Thomas S. Wingo and Aliza P. Wingo, 5 June 2025, The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2025.05.009
Funding: NIH/National Institutes of Health, Department of Veterans’ Affairs
Never miss a breakthrough: Join the SciTechDaily newsletter.
Click the Source link for more details
Complete but unilingual Canopus Decree stele found in Egypt – The History Blog
The first complete copy of the Ptolemaic-era Canopus Decree to be found in 150 years has been discovered in Egypt. The last one was discovered at Kom el-Hisn in the western Nile delta in 1881. The recently-discovered sandstone stele was unearthed at the Tell el-Pharaeen site in the Sharqia governorate, 80 miles east of Kom el-Hisn, and is unique among the seven known copies of the 3rd century B.C. decree in that it is inscribed solely in hieroglyphs.
The stela measures 127.5 cm in height, 83 cm in width, and about 48 cm in thickness [,4’1″x 2’9″x 1’7″], with a rounded top. A winged sun disk crowns the top, flanked by two royal cobras wearing the White and Red Crowns, with the inscription “Di-Ankh” (“given life”) between them. The central section contains 30 lines of hieroglyphic text carved in sunk relief.
Promulgated in 238 B.C., the Canopus Decree was a trilingual inscription carved on stone or bronze in Egyptian hieroglyphs, Demotic script and Koine Greek. It is the second in the series of multi-lingual Ptolemaic decrees that would become known as the Rosetta Stone Series, after the famous inscription that provided the key to the decipherment of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs by Jean-François Champollion in 1822. (The Rosetta Stone is actually the most recent of the series, the Memphis Decree, dating to 196 B.C. The oldest is the Alexandria Decree from 243 B.C.)
The decree lavishes Ptolemy and his wife Berenice with praise for this great benefices to the temples of Egypt, their honoring of the gods and the care they take of the sacred animals at their own expense. Ptolemy also gets credit for having gone to war against the Persian Seleucid Empire to reclaim the images of the gods looted from Egyptian temples by Cambyses hundreds of years earlier in 525 B.C.
The inscription lauds Ptolemy for protecting Egypt from insurrections, fighting in distant lands against would-be conquerors, giving personal support and care to the people of Egypt after a failed annual flooding of the Nile caused drought and famine, remitting taxes and importing wheat from other Ptolemaic territories, then paying exorbitant inflated prices to buy even more grain from foreign traders. Spurred by high levels of taxation to fund the Persian war, the insurrection of native Egyptians against Ptolemy was the first of what would be many such uprisings against Ptolemaic dynasty pharaohs. The focus on Ptolemy’s famine relief is propaganda casting him as benevolent rather than exploitative to the discontented Egyptian populace, just as the emphasis on return of the deities casts the Persian war in a pious light.
And that’s not all. They deified their daughter Princess Berenice, who died suddenly while the priests and royals were convened at Canopus. They added a new rank of five priests, established a new festival in honor of the cult and added a new day to the calendar every four years dedicated to the worship of the King and Queen. This created the most accurate solar calendar known to the ancient world, with 365 and a quarter days a year. Ptolemy III and the traditional Egyptian priesthood came out of this meeting with a much stronger alliance, and they wanted it known. The decree states that its terms be incised in stone or bronze in hieroglyphs and Greek to be posted in every temple in Egypt. That’s why it’s so striking that this one example was inscribed only in one language.
Click the Source link for more details