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Famous Birthdays on September 2


  • 1243 Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford, Welsh nobleman who changed his support from Simon de Montfort to Henry III, born in Christchurch, England (d. 1295)
  • 1548 Vincenzo Scamozzi, Italian architect known for Teatro Olimpico and writer on architectural theory, born in Vicenza (d. 1616)
  • 1661 Georg Böhm, German organist and composer, born in Hohenkirchen, Duchy of Saxe-Gotha, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1733)
  • 1675 William Somervile, English poet known for “The Chace”, born in Colwich, England (d. 1742)
  • 1716 Johann Trier, German organist and composer, born in Themar, Thuringia, Electorate of Saxony, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1790)
  • 1731 Johann Friedrich von Cronegk, German poet and playwright (Olint und Sophronia), born in Ansbach (d. 1758)
  • 1750 Pehr Frigel, Swedish composer, born in Kalmar, Sweden (d. 1842)
  • 1753 Marie Joséphine of Savoy, Italian-French noble, Queen consort (in exile) of France (1795-1810), born at the Royal Palace of Turin, Kingdom of Sardinia (d. 1810)
  • 1763 Caroline Schelling [Michaelis], German Romantic poet and critic, born in Göttingen (d. 1809)
  • 1766 James Forten, African-American abolitionist and businessman who used his wealth to push for civil rights and the abolition of slavery, born in Philadelphia, Province of Pennsylvania, British America (d. 1842)
  • 1778 Louis Bonaparte, French King of Holland (1806-1810), born in Ajaccio, Corsica, Kingdom of France (d. 1846)
  • 1798 Thomas Holliday Hicks, American politician, Governor of Maryland during Civil War (1858-62), born in East New Market, Maryland (d. 1865)
  • 1805 Esteban Echeverría, Argentine writer known for “The Slaughter Yard” and political activist, born in Buenos Aires, Argentina (d. 1851)
  • 1810 William Seymour Tyler, American educator and historian at Amherst College, born in Hartford, Pennsylvania (d. 1897)
  • 1814 Ernst Curtius, German archaeologist and historian (Olympia), born in the Free Imperial City of Lübeck (d. 1896)
  • 1830 William P. Frye, American congressman and senator (1881-1911), born in Lewiston, Maine (d. 1911)

  • 1837 James Harrison Wilson, American topographic engineer and Major General (Union Army), born in Shawneetown, Illinois (d. 1925)
  • 1838 Liliuokalani [Lydia Kamakaʻeha], last queen of Hawaii (1891-93), born in Honolulu, Oʻahu, Kingdom of Hawaii (d. 1917)
  • 1839 Henry George, American politician economist and land reformer (Progress & Poverty), born in Philadelphia, Pennslvania (d. 1897)
  • 1840 Giovanni Verga, Italian writer (Eros), born in Catania, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (d. 1922)
  • 1847 Roger Wolcott, American politician 39th Governor of Massachusetts (1897-1900), born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1900)
  • 1850 A. G. Spalding, American Baseball HOF pitcher, manager and executive (NL wins leader 1871–76; President, co-owner Chicago White Stockings; co-founder of Spalding sporting goods company), born in Byron, Illinois (d. 1915)
  • 1850 Eugene Field “Poet of Childhood”, American poet, writer and journalist (Little Boy Blue), born in St. Louis, Missouri (d. 1895)
  • 1850 Woldemar Voigt, German physicist, discovered the Voigt effect, born in Leipzig, Saxony (d. 1919)
  • 1852 Paul Bourget, French novelist and critic, born in Amiens, France (d. 1935)
  • 1853 Wilhelm Ostwald, Baltic German physical chemist (Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1909 for work on catalysis, chemical equilibria and reaction velocities), born in Riga, Russian Empire (d. 1932) [1]
  • 1854 Hans Jæger, Norwegian writer and political activist as leader of the Kristiania Bohemians, born in Drammen, Norway (d. 1910)
  • 1857 Thomas Groube, Australian cricket batsman (1 Test; Victoria CA), born in New Plymouth, New Zealand (d. 1927)
  • 1862 Alphons Diepenbrock, Dutch composer, conductor, and essayist, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands (d. 1921)
  • 1862 Franjo Krežma, Croatian violinist, born in Osijek, Croatia (d. 1881)
  • 1866 Hiram Johnson, Progressive politician, US Senator, Governor of California (1911-17), born in Sacramento, California (d. 1945)

  • 1870 Archduchess Louise of Austria, Crown Princess of Saxony who caused a scandal leaving her husband, born in Salzburg, Austria (d. 1947)
  • 1870 Marie Ault [Mary Cragg], English actress (The Lodger), born in Wigan, England (d. 1951)

English radiochemist and Nobel laureate (radioactive substances, isotopes), born in Eastbourne, Sussex, England

  • 1878 Werner von Blomberg, German politician and general (Commander-in-Chief German Armed Forces 1935-38), born in Stargard, Prussia (d. 1946)
  • 1879 An Jung-geun, Korean independence activist and assassin of Japanese Prime Minister Ito Hirobumi, born in Haeju-bu, Hwanghaedo, Korea (d. 1910)
  • 1883 Archduchess Elisabeth Marie of Austria, “The Red Archduchess” who became a socialist, born at Schloss Laxenburg, Austria-Hungary(d. 1963)
  • 1884 Frank Laubach, American missionary and educator (taught reading through phonetics), born in Benton Pennsylvania (d. 1970)
  • 1892 Felix Wolfes, German-American conductor, educator (New England Conservatory, 1948-68), and composer, born in Hanover, Germany (d. 1971)
  • 1894 Joseph Roth, Austrian-Jewish journalist and writer (Hotel Savoy), born in Brody, Austria-Hungary (d. 1939)
  • 1896 Amanda Randolph, American jazz and blues piano player and singer; stage, radio, and screen actress (The Laytons; Amos ‘n Andy – “Ramona”; Danny Thomas Show – “Louise”), born in Louisville, Kentucky (d. 1967)
  • 1899 Hans Jacob Nielsen, Danish boxer (Olympic gold lightweight 1924), born in Næstved, Denmark (d. 1967)
  • 1901 Adolph Rupp, American Basketball HOF coach (NCAA Div I Tournament 1948, 49, 51, 58; Uni of Kentucky; 5 × National Coach of the Year), born in Halstead, Kansas (d. 1977)
  • 1901 Andreas Embirikos, Greek surrealist poet known for “The Great Eastern”, photographer and critic, born in Brăila, Romania (d. 1975)
  • 1901 Phil Napoleon [Filippo Napoli] American early jazz trumpeter and bandleader (Original Memphis Five; Napoleon and HIs Emperors), born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1990)
  • 1902 Marjorie Warfield, American stage, radio, and silent film actress, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1991)
  • 1906 Vera Vague [Barbara Jo Allen], American actress (Sleeping Beauty, Follow the Leader), born in New York City (d. 1974)
  • 1910 Alma Heflin, American commercial airplane test pilot and child psychologist, born in Winona, Missouri (d. 2000)
  • 1910 Bruce Boyce, Canadian-American baritone singer, and teacher (Royal Academy – London, England), born in London, Ontario (d. 1996)
  • 1911 Eileen Way, British actress (Les Miserables, Rainbow, Vikings, Assassin), born in Surrey, England (d. 1994)
  • 1911 René Amengual, Chilean pianist, composer and educator, born in Santiago, Chile (d. 1954)
  • 1911 Romare Bearden, African American painter and songwriter, born in Charlotte, North Carolina (d. 1988)
  • 1912 Ernie Bromley, Australian cricket batsman (2 Tests; first Western Australian to play Test cricket for Australia), born in Fremantle, Western Australia (d. 1967)
  • 1912 Johan Daisne [Herman Thiery], Belgian writer (magic realism), born in Ghent, Belgian (d. 1978)
  • 1913 Bill Shankly, Scottish football manager (Liverpool, 1959-74), born in Glenbuck, Ayrshire, Scotland (d. 1981)
  • 1914 (Lawrence) “Booker T.” Laury, American boogie-woogie and blues pianist and singer, born in Memphis, Tennessee (d. 1995)
  • 1914 Tom Glazer, American folk singer and songwriter (Because All Men Are Brothers; A Dollar Ain’t A Dollar Anymore), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 2003)
  • 1915 Benjamin Aaron, American labor law expert, born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 2007)
  • 1915 Dai-Keong Lee, Hawaiian-American classical and theater composer, born in Honolulu, Territory of Hawai’i (d. 2005)
  • 1915 Hans Joachim Koellreutter, German Brazilian composer, teacher and musicologist, born in Freiburg, Germany (d. 2005)
  • 1915 Meinhardt Raabe, American actor (The Wizard of Oz), born in Watertown, Wisconsin (d. 2010)
  • 1916 Dorothy May Bundy-Cheney, American tennis player (141 US tennis titles), born in LA, CA, (d. 2014)
  • 1916 Penny Santon [Pierina Burlando], American actress (Fletch, Roll Out, Matt Houston), born in New York City (d. 1999)
  • 1917 Cleveland Amory, American animal rights activist and TV reviewer (TV Guide), born in Nahant, Massachusetts (d. 1998)
  • 1917 Laurindo Almeida, Brazilian classical, jazz and Latin guitarist and composer (developed bossa nova), born in Prainha, São Paulo, Brazil (d. 1995)
  • 1918 Allen Drury, American author (Advise & Consent – 1960 Pulitzer Prize), born in Houston, Texas (d. 1998)
  • 1918 Martha Mitchell [nee Beall], wife of US Attorney General John Mitchell, born in Pine Bluff, Arkansas (d. 1976)
  • 1919 Gideon William Waldrop, American composer and educator (Julliard School, 1961-85), born in Haskell County, Texas (d. 2000)
  • 1919 Marge Champion (née Belcher), American dancer (Marge & Gower Champion Show), born in Los Angeles, California (d. 2020)
  • 1922 Arthur Ashkin, American scientist (Nobel Prize for Physics 2018 Optical Tweezers), born in Brooklyn, New York (d. 2020) [1]
  • 1923 Rene Thom, French mathematician, 1958 Fields Medal for work in topology, born in Montbéliard, France (d. 2002)

Kenya’s longest serving President (1978-2002), born in Kurieng’wo, Kenya

  • 1924 Ramón Valdés, Mexican actor and comedian (Don Ramón-El Chavo del Ocho), born in Mexico City (d. 1988)
  • 1925 Hugo Montenegro, American composer, arranger, and orchestra leader, born in New York City (d. 1981)
  • 1925 Ronnie Stevens, English actor (Rodney In “Dick & Duchess”), born in London, England (d. 2006)
  • 1926 Yevgeny Leonov, Russian actor (Gentlemen of Fortune; Mimino), born in Moscow, USSR (d. 1994)
  • 1927 Francis Matthews, British actor (Paul Temple, Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons), born in York, England (d. 2014)
  • 1927 Leonard Katzman, American TV screenwriter and producer (Dallas; Petrocelli; Route 66), born in New York City (d. 1996)
  • 1927 Trudi Jochum-Beiser, Austrian alpine skier (Olympic gold 1948, 52), born in Lech am Arlberg, Austria
  • 1927 Tzvi Avni, Israeli classical composer (Meditations On A Drama), born in Saarbrücken, Germany
  • 1928 Miloslav Ištvan, Czech composer, born in Olomouc, Kingdom of Bohemia (now Czech Republic) (d. 1990)
  • 1928 Peter Mansfield, British political journalist and author, born in Ranchi, India (d. 1996)
  • 1928 Sheila Bromberg, British orchestral and session harpist (The Beatles – “She’s Leaving Home”; Heatwave -“Boogie Nights”), born in London (d. 2021)
  • 1929 Hal Ashby, American film director (The Last Detail; Shampoo; Being There), born in Ogden, Utah (d. 1988)
  • 1929 Victor Spinetti, Welsh actor (A Hard Day’s Night, Help!), born in Cwm, Ebbw Vale, Wales (d. 2012) [1]
  • 1930 Andrey Petrov, Soviet-Russian classical and film score composer (Creation of the World), born in Leningrad, USSR (d. 2006)
  • 1931 Alan K. Simpson, American politician and Senate Republican whip (Sen-R-WY, 1979-97), born in Denver, Colorado (d. 2025)
  • 1932 Emil Richards [Emilio Radocchia], American session and touring vibraphonist and percussionist (George Shearing; Frank Sinatra; Lalo Schifrin; Frank Zappa; George Harrison; Harry Partch; Shadowfax), born in Hartford, Connecticut (d. 2019) [1]
  • 1932 Walter Davis Jr., American hard bop pianist (Davis Cup, Illumination), born in Richmond, Virginia (d. 1990)
  • 1933 Hootie Ingram, American college football coach (Clemson Uni 1970-72) and executive (AD Florida State Uni 1981–89, Alabama 1989–95), born in Tuscaloosa, Alabama (d. 2024)
  • 1933 Mathieu Kérékou, Dictator and President of Benin (1973-91, 1996-2006), born in Kouarfa, French Dahomey (d. 2015)
  • 1933 Rick Lewis, American doo-wop tenor (The Silhouettes – “Get A Job”), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 2005)
  • 1934 Hilla Becher (née Wobeser), German artist, worked collaboratively with husband Bernd Becher, born in Potsdam Germany (d. 2015)
  • 1934 Michael Sahl, American contemporary classical composer (Civilization and its Discontents; Jungles), born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 2018)
  • 1935 D. Wayne Lukas, American thoroughbred race horse trainer (Kentucky Derby 1988, 95, 96, 99; 20 x Breeders’ Cup race wins), born in Antigo, Wisconsin (d. 2025) [1]
  • 1935 Jim Moody, American economist and politician (Rep-D-WI, 1983-93), born in Richlands, Virginia (d. 2019)
  • 1935 Vladimír Válek, Czech violist (Dvořák Chamber Orchestra), and conductor (Prague Symphony. 1975-86; Czechoslovak Radio Symphony, 1985-2011), born in Nový Jičín, Czechoslovakia (d. 2025)

Hungarian-American pioneer in the semiconductor industry, one of the founders and CEO of Intel, and philanthropist, born in Budapest, Hungary

  • 1936 David Leonard Blake, British composer (The Plumber’s Gift), and educator (University of York, 1964-2001), born in London
  • 1936 Joan Kennedy (née Bennett), American socialite, and1st wife of US Senator from Massachusetts Ted Kennedy, born in New York City
  • 1937 Derek Fowlds, British actor (Yes Minister, The Basil Brush Show), born in London, England (d. 2020)
  • 1937 Willi Giesemann, German soccer defender (14 caps FRG; VfL Wolfsburg, Bayern Munich, Hamburger SV), born in Braunschweig, Germany (d. 2024)
  • 1938 Glyn Worsnip, British radio and television presenter (That’s Life!), born in Highnam, Gloucestershire (d. 1996)
  • 1938 John Angus, English soccer defender (1 cap; Burnley 439 games), born in Amble, England (d. 2021)
  • 1938 Mary Jo Catlett, American stage and screen character actress (Hello Dolly!; Diff’rent Strokes – “Pearl”; SpongeBob SquarePants – “Mrs. Puff”), born in Denver, Colorado
  • 1939 Bobby Purify [Dickey], American soul singer (“I’m Your Puppet”), born in Tallahassee, Florida (d. 2011)
  • 1939 Sam Gooden, American soul vocalist (The Impressions – “People Get Ready”; “It’s All Right”), born in Chattanooga, Tennessee (d. 2022)
  • 1940 Beverly Sanders, American actress (Lotsa Luck, CPO Sharkey), born in Hollywood, California
  • 1940 Harry Northup, American actor (The Silence of the Lambs, Taxi Driver), born in Amarillo, Texas
  • 1940 Jimmy Clanton, American rock vocalist (“Just A Dream”), born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana
  • 1940 Mick Pyne, British touring and session jazz pianist (Tubby Hayes; Georgie Fame: Charlie Watts), born in Thornton Dale, North Yorkshire, England (d. 1995)
  • 1941 Graeme Langlands, Australian rugby league fullback, captain and coach (24 Tests; St. George RLFC; ARL “Immortal”), born in Wollongong, Australia (d. 2018)
  • 1941 John Thompson Jr., American Basketball HOF coach (Georgetown Uni 1972–99, NCAA Division I tournament 1984) and center (NBA C’ship 1965, 66 Boston Celtics), born in Washington, D.C. (d. 2020)
  • 1942 Barbara Donald, American jazz trumpeter and bandleader, born in Minneapolis, Minnesota (d. 2013)
  • 1943 Rosalind Ashford, American rock vocalist (Martha Reeve & Vandellas – “Heat Wave”; “Dancing In The Street”), born in Detroit, Michigan
  • 1943 Đorđe Novković, Croatian pop singer-songwriter (Pro Arte), and television personality (Hrvatski Idol), born in Vladimirci, German-occupied Serbia (d. 2007)
  • 1944 Claude Nicollier, Swiss astronaut (STS 61-K, 46, 61, 75), born in Vevey, Switzerland
  • 1944 Orlando Martínez, Cuban boxer (Olympic gold bantamweight 1972), born in Havana, Cuba (d. 2021)

American rock and soul pianist, organist, singer-songwriter (“Nothing From Nothing”; “You Are So Beautiful”; “Outa-Space”), 5th Beatle (“Get Back”), and touring musician (Little Richard, Rolling Stones, Eric Clapton), born in Houston, Texas

  • 1946 Luis Ávalos, Cuban-American stage and screen character actor (Condo; E/R; I Had 3 Wives), born in Havana, Cuba (d. 2014)
  • 1946 Marty Grebb, American rock session and touring keyboardist (The Buckinghams; Bonnie Raitt), born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 2020)
  • 1947 Richard Coughlan, British progressive rock drummer and percussionist (Caravan – “In the Land of Grey and Pink”), born in Herne Bay, Kent, England (d. 2013)
  • 1948 Christa McAuliffe, American teacher who died in Challenger space shuttle disaster, born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1986)
  • 1948 Linda “Tui” Tillery, American singer-songwriter (The Loading Zone), born in San Francisco, California
  • 1948 Terry Bradshaw, College/Pro Football HOF quarterback (Louisiana Tech; Super Bowl 1974, 75, 78 [MVP], 79 [MVP]; NFL MVP 1978; First-team All-Pro 1978; 3 × Pro Bowl; Pittsburgh Steelers) and broadcaster (CBS, FOX), born in Shreveport, Louisiana
  • 1949 Albert West [Albertus Westelaken], Dutch pop singer (The Shuffles – “Cha-La-La, I Need You”; Stars on 45), born in ‘s-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands (d. 2015)
  • 1950 Michael Rother, German electronic musician (Neu!; Kraftwerk; Harmonia; Cluster), born in Hamburg, West Germany
  • 1950 Rosanna DeSoto, American actress known for “Stand and Deliver”, born in San Jose, California
  • 1950 Yuen Wah, Chinese stuntman and actor (Kung Fu Hustle, The Iceman Cometh), born in Hong Kong
  • 1951 Jim DeMint, American politician, part of the Tea Party Movement (Senator-R-South Carolina 2005-13), born in Greensville, South Carolina
  • 1951 Mark Harmon, American actor (St Elsewhere, NCIS), born in Burbank, California
  • 1951 Michael Gray, American actor (Shazam!, Brian Keith Show), born in Chicago, Illinois
  • 1951 Mike Kaminski, British rock musician (ELO), born in Harrogate, England
  • 1952 Earl Pomeroy, American politician (Rep-D-North Dakota 1993-2011), born in Valley City, North Dakota

1952 American tennis player (8-time Grand Slam winner, 109 titles overall), born in Belleville, Illinois

Afghan political and military leader who fought the Soviet Union and led the Northern Alliance against the Taliban, born in Bazarak, Panjshir, Afghanistan

  • 1953 Gerhard Thiele, German physicist and ESA astronaut (STS-99), born in Heidenheim-Brenz, Germany
  • 1953 Gordon Kennett, English motorcycle speedway rider (World Pairs C’ship [Malcolm Simmons] 1978; World Championship 1978 runner-up), born in Bromley, England (d. 2023)
  • 1953 John Zorn, American jazz and avant garde musician and composer, born in New York City

1954 Czech businessman and politician, Prime Minister of Czech republic (2017-), born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia

  • 1955 Linda Purl, actress (Gloria-Happy Days, Matlock), born in Greenwich, Connecticut
  • 1956 Angelo Fusco, Provisional IRA member who escaped during his trial, born in Belfast, Northern Ireland
  • 1956 Mario Tremblay, Canadian ice hockey right wing (Montreal Canadiens 852 games) and coach (Montreal Canadiens 1985-87), born in Alma, Quebec
  • 1957 Steve Porcaro, American rock keyboardist and vocalist (Toto, 1977-87, 2010-19 – “Rosanna”; “Africa”), born in Los Angeles, California
  • 1959 Esther Oosterbeek, Dutch pop singer (Dolly Dots – “Love Me Just a Little Bit More (Totally Hooked on You)”, “P.S.”), born in Haarlem, Netherlands
  • 1959 Guy Laliberté, Canadian founder of Cirque du Soleil, born in Montreal, Quebec

1960 Pro Football Hall of Fame running back (NFL single-season rushing record 2,105 yards, 1984; Pro Bowl 1983, 84, 86–89; LA Rams), born in Sealy, Texas

  • 1960 John S. Hall, American poet and spoken-word artist known for band “King Missile”, born in Brooklyn, New York
  • 1960 Kristin Halvorsen, Norwegian politician, 1st female Minister of Finance in Norway, born in Horten, Norway
  • 1961 Anthony Wong [Chau-sang], Hong Kong actor (The Untold Story), born in Hong Kong
  • 1961 Carlos Valderrama, Colombian footballer, born in Santa Marta, Colombia
  • 1961 Jeff Russell, American MLB pitcher (Texas Rangers), born in Cincinnati, Ohio
  • 1962 Eugenio Derbez, Mexican comedian and actor known for ” nstructions Not Included”, born in Mexico City, Mexico
  • 1962 Jon Berkeley, Irish author and illustrator, born in Dublin, Ireland

1962 British lawyer and politician (Leader of the Labour Party, Prime Minister 2024–), born in Southwark, London, England

  • 1962 Prachya Pinkaew, Thai film director known for “Elephant White”, born in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

1964 Canadian actor (Bill & Ted’s Excellent Adventure; The Matrix), and rock bassist (Dogstar), born in Beirut, Lebanon

  • 1965 Doug Linton, pitcher (KC Royals), born in Santa Ana, California

1965 British/Canadian boxer (Olympic gold super-heavyweight 1988, undisputed world heavyweight champion 1999), born in London, England

  • 1965 Partho Sen-Gupta, Indian filmmaker (Sunrise, Hava Aney Dey), born in Mumbai, India
  • 1966 Dino Cazares, American heavy metal guitarist (FearFactor), born in El Centro, California
  • 1966 Massimo Cuttitta, Italian rugby union prop (69 caps [captain 16]; Milano, Harlequins, Bologna), born in Latina, Italy (d. 2021)
  • 1966 Olivier Panis, French race car driver (1996 Monaco Grand Prix), born in Lyon, France

1966 Mexican American actress (Desperado, Frida), born in Coatzacoalcos, Mexico

  • 1966 Tuc Watkins, American actor known for “One Life to Live”, born in Kansas City, Kansas
  • 1968 Cynthia Watros, American actress known for “General Hospital” and “Lost”, born in Lake Orion, Michigan
  • 1969 Chris Kuzneski, American author known for The Hunters”, born in Indiana, Pennsylvania
  • 1969 H-Ci [Cedric Hailey], American singer (Jodeci), born in Monroe, North Carolina
  • 1969 Mark Brettschneider, American actor (Jason-One Life to Live), born in Cincinnati, Ohio
  • 1969 Shani Waugh, Australian golfer (US Open 2002 3rd), born in Bunbury West Australia
  • 1971 (Micah) “Katt” Williams, American stand-up comedian and actor, born in Cincinnati, Ohio
  • 1971 Kjetil Aamodt, Norwegian alpine ski racer, winner of 4 Olympic Golds and 5x world Champion, born in Oslo, Norway
  • 1971 Pawan Kalyan, Indian actor and politician, founder of the Janasena Party, born in Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • 1971 Rich Aurilia, infielder (SF Giants), born in Brooklyn, New York
  • 1971 Shauna Sand, actress (Renegade), born in San Diego, California
  • 1974 Jason Lawson, American NBA player (Orlando Magic), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • 1976 Erin Hershey, American actress (Alison Barrington Kovitch in “Port Charles”), born in Seattle, Washington
  • 1976 Phil Lipscomb, American rock bassist (Taproot), born in the USA
  • 1977 Ramiro Muñoz, Colombian musician, born in Bogotá, Colombia
  • 1977 Sam Rivers, American rock bassist (Limp Bizkit), born in Jacksonville, Florida
  • 1978 Matthew Watkins, Welsh rugby union centre (18 caps; Newport, Llanelli Scarlets), born in Newport, Wales (d. 2020)
  • 1979 Ron Ng, Hong Kong actor (Shock Wave, Xingfu guilai), born in Hong Kong
  • 1980 Dany Sabourin, French Canadian NHL Goaltender and coach, born in Val-d’Or, Quebec
  • 1980 Yonderboi [László Fogarasi Jr], Hungarian indie-pop composer, music producer (Splendid Isolation), and visual artist, born in Kaposvár, Hungary
  • 1981 Bracha van Doesburgh, Dutch actress known for “Oogappels”, born in Enschede, Netherlands
  • 1981 Chris Tremlett, English cricket fast bowler (12 Tests, 53 wickets; Hampshire CCC, Surrey CCC), born in Southampton, England
  • 1981 Fariborz Kamkari, Kurdish-Iranian film director and producer known for “Black Tape”, born in Rome, Italy
  • 1982 Jason Hammel, American MLB baseball pitcher, 2006-18 (Tampa Bay Devil Rays, Colorado Rockies, Chicago Cubs, and 3 other teams), born in Greenville, South Carolina
  • 1982 Joey Barton, English soccer midfielder (1 cap; Manchester City, Newcastle, QPR) and manager (Fleetwood Town, Bristol Rovers), born in Huyton, England
  • 1983 Ali Kalthami, Saudi film director known for “Mandoob”, born in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • 1984 Jack Peñate, English rockabilly singer-songwriter and musician (Matinée), born in London
  • 1987 Rachael Gunn [Raygun], Australian breakdancer and academic (2024 Paris Olympics), born in Hornsby, Australia
  • 1987 Spencer Smith, American rock drummer (Panic! at the Disco), born in Denver, Colorado
  • 1988 Ishant Sharma, Indian cricket fast bowler (102 Tests, 306 wickets; 80 ODIs, 115 wickets; Sussex, Delhi Capitals), born in Delhi, India
  • 1989 Ishmeet Singh [Sodhi], Indian playback singer (Voice of India, 2007), born in Ludhiana, Punjab, India (d. 2008)
  • 1990 Marcus Ericsson, Swedish auto racer (Indianapolis 500 2022, runner-up 2023; Formula BMW UK 2007; All-Japan Formula 3 C’ship 2009), born in Kumla, Sweden
  • 1992 Emiliano Martínez, Argentine football goalkeeper (Aston Villa, Argentina), born in Mar del Plata, Argentina

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Historical Events on September 2


44 BC Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son Caesarion co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesar

44 BC The first of Cicero‘s Philippics (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of them over the next several months.

  • 673 Visigoth King Wamba of Hispania successfully puts down a rebellion at Nîmes, the last rebels surrendering from the Roman amphitheatre [1]
  • 911 Viking Prince of Kiev and founder of the Kievan Rus, Oleg the Wise, signs a treaty with the Byzantines

Treaty of Jaffa

1192 Sultan Saladin and King Richard the Lionheart of England sign the Treaty of Jaffa ending the Third Crusade in a compromise neither is happy with. Treaty leaves Jerusalem under Islamic control with Christian pilgrimage rights and restores the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

First Battle of Tehuacingo

1519 First Battle of Tehuacingo, Mexico: Hernán Cortés‘ Spanish conquistadors fight the Tlaxcalans

Ordinance on the Danish Church

1537 Danish King Christian III publishes “Ordinance on the Danish Church” establishing Lutheranism as the state religion within his realms

1642 English Long Parliament issues Ordinance ordering closure of London theatres including the Globe theatre, once part-owned by William Shakespeare

  • 1644 Robert Devereux’s Parliamentarian infantry surrenders to Royalist forces in Battle of Lostwithiel, Cornwall, during English Civil War

Wars of Castro

1649 Italian city of Castro is completely destroyed by the forces of Pope Innocent X, ending the Wars of Castro

1666 Great Fire of London begins at 2am in Pudding Lane, 80% of London is destroyed

  • 1686 Habsburg armies take Buda from Turks
  • 1732 Pope Clement XII renews anti-Jewish laws of Rome

1752 Last Julian calendar day in Great Britain and British colonies including America. To sync to the Gregorian calendar, 11 days are skipped and the next date is Sep 14.

  • 1789 US Treasury Department established by Congress

September Massacres

1792 September Massacres of the French Revolution: In Paris rampaging mobs slaughter three Roman Catholic bishops, more than two hundred priests, and prisoners believed to be royalist sympathizers.

  • 1796 Jews of the Netherlands are emancipated
  • 1798 First bank robbery in the US: Bank of Pennsylvania robbed of $162,821 at Carpenter’s Hall, Philadelphia
  • 1806 A side of Rossberg Peak collapses into Goldau Valley Switzerland, kills 500

Battle of Copenhagen

1807 The Royal Navy bombards Copenhagen with firebombs and phosphorus rockets to prevent Denmark from surrendering its fleet to Napoleon

  • 1839 Salon of Varietes opens in Amsterdam
  • 1856 Tianjing Incident begins in Nanjing, China, as an internal political conflict within the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom that contributes to the failure of the Taiping Rebellion
  • 1859 Gas lighting introduced to Hawaii
  • 1859 Solar super storm affects electrical telegraph service

Battle of Atlanta

1864 US Civil War: Union General William T. Sherman captures and occupies Atlanta, Georgia, ending the Atlanta Campaign in the US Civil War [1]

  • 1867 1st girls School opens in Haarlem, The Netherlands

Battle of Sedan

1870 Napoleon III surrenders to Prussian armies at the Battle of Sedan

  • 1878 Surrey left-arm slow round-arm bowler Ted Barratt takes 10-43 for the Players in Australia’s 1st innings in a cricket tour match on his home ground at The Oval; all ten are caught or stumped; Australia wins by 8 runs
  • 1885 In Rock Springs, Wyoming, 150 white miners, who are struggling to unionize so they can strike for better wages and working conditions, attack their Chinese fellow workers, killing 28, wounding 15, and forcing several hundred more out of town
  • 1894 -3] Amsterdam Municipal theater opens
  • 1897 “McCal” magazine first published
  • 1898 Machine gun 1st used in battle
  • 1900 A large demonstration by Nationalists in Dublin’s Phoenix Park demand that Ireland be free of British rule
  • 1900 Telegraph use between Germany & US begins

National Duties

1901 Theodore Roosevelt advises “Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far” in an address to the Minnesota State Fair, entitled “National Duties”

  • 1902 The first sci-fi film, “A Trip To The Moon,” is released
  • 1905 Chinese crown discontinues its Imperial Examinations (Golden Lists), civil service recruitment exams that dated back in some form to 581AD and influenced British civil service and beyond [1]
  • 1905 New Zealand beats Australia 14-3 in cold, wet conditions in the first international Rugby Union match between the countries on New Zealand soil at Tahuna Park in Dunedin
  • 1911 Joao Chagas forms Portuguese government
  • 1913 Amsterdam reroutes sewage of canals to South Seas
  • 1914 -3] Gen von Hausen & countess of France regime flees to Bordeaux
  • 1914 The US Treasury Department establishes the Bureau of War Risk Insurance to provide up to $5 million worth of insurance for merchant ships and their crews
  • 1917 Pan-Germanic and nationalist Fatherland Party (Deutsche Vaterlands Partei) formed by former Grand Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz
  • 1919 Communist Party of America organizes in Chicago
  • 1919 Italy agrees to general voting rights and proportional representation
  • 1920 W Somerset Maugham’s “East of Suez” premieres in London

New German Anthem

1922 German President Friedrich Ebert declares “Deutschland Uber Alles” the German national anthem

  • 1924 Rudolf Friml and Herbert Stothart’s operetta “Rose-Marie” opens to rave reviews at the Imperial Theatre, NYC; runs for 577 performances
  • 1926 Italy signs treaty with Yemen
  • 1929 Unilever forms by merger of Margarine Union & Lever Bros
  • 1929 WOR (NYC) ends affiliation with CBS radio network
  • 1930 First non-stop airplane flight from Europe to the US (37 hours)

Debut of Bing Crosby

1931 American crooner Bing Crosby makes his solo radio debut on his “15 Minutes with Bing Crosby” program broadcast on the CBS Network

  • 1935 Labor Day hurricane makes landfall in Florida, killing 423 people, the strongest and most intense hurricane ever to make landfall in the United States
  • 1936 First transatlantic “ping-pong” round-trip air flight from New York to England and back begins, piloted by Dick Merrill with Harry Richman
  • 1936 NFL Chicago College All-Star Game: All-Stars 7, Detroit Lions 7; 76,000 at Soldier Field
  • 1937 US Housing Authority created by National Housing Act
  • 1940 Great Smoky Mountains National Park dedicated
  • 1941 Academy copyrights Oscar statuette
  • 1942 German troops enter Stalingrad
  • 1944 Belgium’s Emissie bank closes
  • 1944 Future US President George H. W. Bush bails out of a burning plane during a mission in the Pacific
  • 1944 US leaders meet in Belgium

Declaration of Independence

1945 Ho Chi Minh declares Vietnam independent from France (National Day)

1945 V-J Day, formal surrender of Japan signed aboard the USS Missouri, marks the end of World War II

The Third Man

1949 “The Third Man”, directed by Carol Reed, starring Joseph Cotten, Alida Valli, and Orson Welles, is released in the United Kingdom (Academy Awards Best Cinematography 1950)

  • 1949 Fire in riverfront area kills 1,700 in Chongqing, China
  • 1952 Dr Floyd J Lewis 1st uses deep freeze technique in heart surgery
  • 1954 Hurricane Edna batters NE US, killing 20
  • 1954 WTVD TV channel 11 in Raleigh-Durham, NC (ABC) begins broadcasting
  • 1955 KCRA TV channel 3 in Sacramento, CA (NBC) begins broadcasting

1956 British Ferrari driver Peter Collins sportingly hands over his car to retired teammate Juan Manuel Fangio during season ending Italian Grand Prix at Monza; Fangio finishes 2nd to win his 3rd straight F1 World Drivers Championship by 3 points from Englishman Stirling Moss

  • 1956 Collapse of a rail bridge under a train kills 120 (India)
  • 1956 San Francisco Washington-Jackson cable line replaced by bus service
  • 1957 Milwaukee 1st baseman Frank Torre scores 6 runs to tie the MLB record; Braves rout Chicago Cubs 23-10
  • 1957 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
  • 1958 Great Britain performs atmospheric nuclear test at Christmas Island
  • 1958 Hendrik Verwoerd appointed Prime Minister of South Africa
  • 1958 KAYS TV channel 7 in Hays, KS (CBS) begins broadcasting
  • 1958 Minn announces $9 million bond issue to improve Metropolitan Stadium
  • 1958 National Defense Education Act was signed
  • 1958 U.S. Air Force C-130A-II is shot down by fighters over Yerevan, Armenia when it strays into Soviet airspace while conducting a sigint mission. All crew lost.
  • 1960 American Mike Troy swims 200m butterfly world record 2:12.8 to win the gold medal from Australian Neville Hayes at the Rome Olympics

Rudolph Wins 100m Gold

1960 American sprinter Wilma Rudolph wins the coveted 100m gold medal at the Rome Olympics in 11.0; beats Britain’s Dorothy Hyman by 0.3; 1st of 3 gold medals for Rudolph

  • 1960 New Zealand middle distance runner Peter Snell claims first of 3 career Olympic gold medals when he wins the 800m in Rome
  • 1960 Tamara and Irina Press (Soviet Union) become the first sisters to win Olympic gold medals; Tamara wins the Rome Olympics shot put one day after Irina wins the 80 m hurdles
  • 1960 The first election of the Parliament of the Central Tibetan Administration, in history of Tibet. The Tibetan community observes this date as the Democracy Day.
  • 1960 William Walton’s 2nd Symphony, premieres
  • 1962 St. Louis 1st baseman Stan Musial‘s records his 3,516th hit in Cards’ 4-3 loss v NY Mets; overtakes Tris Speaker into 2nd place behind Ty Cobb on the MLB all-time list
  • 1962 USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR

Wallace Prevents Integration

1963 Alabama Governor George Wallace prevents integration of Tuskegee High School

  • 1963 CBS expands “CBS Evening News” program, anchored by Walter Conkrite, from 15 to 30 minutes
  • 1964 Indonesian paratroopers lands in Malaysia
  • 1965 Chicago Cubs slugger Ernie Banks hits his MLB 400th career HR (off Curt Simmons) in a 5-3 win over St. Louis at Wrigley Field; Simmons also gave up Willie Mays’ 400th HR in 1963
  • 1965 Treblinka trial in Dusseldorf ends
  • 1966 Joe Auer returns the opening kickoff 95 yards for a Miami touchdown in the Dolphins’ first ever NFL regular-season game; Oakland Raiders go on to win 23-14 at the Orange Bowl before 26,776 fans
  • 1967 KUHI (now KSNF) TV channel 16 in Joplin, MO (CBS) begins broadcasting
  • 1967 The Principality of Sealand is established, ruled by Prince Paddy Roy Bates.
  • 1968 Jerry Lewis‘ 3rd Muscular Dystrophy telethon
  • 1969 Ralph Houk signs 3-year contract to manage New York Yankees at $65,000 a season, then the biggest salary in MLB
  • 1969 The first automated teller machine in the United States is installed in Rockville Centre, New York
  • 1971 NY’s Electric Circus Club goes out of business
  • 1971 There are further Irish Republican Army bombs set off across the region, including one in Belfast which wrecked the headquarters of the Ulster Unionist Party
  • 1972 American breaststroker Cathy Carr swims a world record 1:13.58 to win the 100m gold medal at the Munich Olympics
  • 1972 American breaststroker John Hencken beats David Wilkie of Great Britain to win the 200m gold medal in world record 2:21.55 at the Munich Olympic Games
  • 1972 Chicago Cubs pitcher Milt Pappas no-hits San Diego Padres, 8-0
  • 1972 East German sprinter Renate Stecher sets world record 11.07 to beat Raelene Boyle of Australia for the women’s 100m gold medal at the Munich Olympics
  • 1972 East German swimmer Roland Matthes wraps up the Olympic backstroke double with a world record 2:02.82 in the 200m in Munich, having already won the 100m in Olympic record time
  • 1972 For the first time since the advent of the Modern Olympics in 1896, a non-American wins the pole vault gold medal; East German Wolfgang Nordwig clears 5.5m at the Munich Games
  • 1972 French track cyclist Daniel Morelon successfully defends his Olympic sprint title beating Australian John Nicholson for the gold medal in Munich
  • 1972 John Akii-Bua of Uganda with a world record 47.82 wins the 400m hurdles gold medal at the Munich Olympics

You Wear it Well

1972 Rod Stewart‘s first #1 hit single in the UK, “You Wear It Well”

  • 1972 The headquarters of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) in Belfast is severely damaged by an IRA bomb
  • 1972 USSR performs nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan
  • 1973 Billy Martin is fired as Detroit Tigers manager due to continual differences with the front office; goes on to manage Texas, Oakland and NY Yankees (in 5 separate stints)
  • 1973 Netherlands win their first men’s hockey World Cup, 4-2 on penalties over India in Amstelveen, Netherlands
  • 1974 Jerry Lewis‘ 9th Muscular Dystrophy telethon

Employee Retirement Income Security Act

1974 US President Gerald Ford signs Employee Retirement Income Security Act – sets minimum standards for pension plans

  • 1978 John McClain performs 180 outside loops in an airplane over Houston
  • 1978 Yankees right fielder Reggie Jackson hits his 20th HR of the season in a 6-2 home win over Seattle; 19th MLB player to hit 20 HR in 11 straight years
  • 1979 US Men’s Amateur Golf Championship, Canterbury GC: Mark O’Meara wins 8 & 7 over John Cook
  • 1981 USSR performs underground nuclear test
  • 1982 “Redlands”, Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards‘ country house in West Wittering, Sussex, England, is seriously damaged in a fire, for the second time in 9 years

Begin Endorses Shamir

1983 Yitzḥak Shamir (Likud party) endorsed by Menachem Begin for Israeli Prime Minister

Smith Sentenced for Belushi Death

1986 Cathy Evelyn Smith sentenced to 3 years for drug related death of John Belushi

  • 1987 Houston outfielder Kevin Bass becomes 1st NL player to switch hit HRs in a game twice in one season in Astros 10-1 win v Cubs
  • 1987 Philips introduces Compact Disc Video (CDV) discs
  • 1987 Trial begins in Moscow for West German pilot Mathias Rust, who flew a private plane from Finland to Moscow, USSR

Bensonhurst Protest March

1989 Reverend Al Sharpton leads a civil rights march through Bensonhurst, Brooklyn

  • 1990 Steve Allen, installed as a new abbot of Hartford St Zen Center, San Francisco, California
  • 1990 Toronto Blue Jays pitcher Dave Stieb throws MLB record 9th no-hitter of the season; beats Cleveland, 3-0

Ropin’ the Wind

1991 “Ropin’ the Wind” 3rd studio album by Garth Brooks is released (Billboard Album of the Year 1992)

  • 1991 Jerry Lewis‘ 26th Muscular Dystrophy telethon raises $45,071,657
  • 1991 US officially recognizes independence of Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania
  • 1992 Nicaragua is struck by an earthquake and flooding; 118 die
  • 1993 Day of Peace in South Africa
  • 1994 Spanish road cyclist Miguel Induráin sets the UCI hour world record of 53.04 kilometers in Bordeaux, France

Bruno vs. McCall

1995 British boxer Frank Bruno beats American champion Oliver McCall in a unanimous 12 round points decision in London for the WBC heavyweight title

  • 1995 Southern California begins using new area code 562
  • 1996 Jerry Lewis‘ 31st Muscular Dystrophy telethon raises $49,200,000

Niterói Contemporary Art Museum

1996 Museum of Contemporary Art of Niterói (MAC) designed by Oscar Niemeyer inaugurated in Niterói, Brazil

  • 1996 Peace agreement signed between the Government of the Philippines and the Moro National Liberation Front in Malacañang Palace
  • 1996 Soyuz TM-24 lands
  • 1997 Howard Stern Radio Show premieres in Montreal Canada on CHOM 97.7 FM and in Toronto Canada on CILQ 107.1 FM
  • 1998 Swissair Flight 111, operated by a McDonnell Douglas MD-11, crashes near Peggy’s Cove, Nova Scotia, killing all 229 people on board
  • 1998 The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda finds Jean-Paul Akayesu, the former mayor of a small town in Rwanda, guilty of nine counts of genocide

Schumacher Wins #52

2001 German Ferrari driver Michael Schumacher wins the Belgian Grand Prix at Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps for his record 52nd F1 Grand Prix victory

  • 2012 15 people are killed by a car bomb attack at a refugee camp in Sbeineh, Palestine
  • 2012 A decades-long ban on veiled female news presenters is lifted from State television in Egypt
  • 2015 Earth’s trees number just over 3 trillion according to a study in “Nature” by Thomas Crowther of Yale University

Obama Visits Arctic

2015 US President Barack Obama becomes the first president to visit the Arctic Circle at Kotzebue, Alaska

  • 2018 About 400 prisoners escape a jail near Tripoli in Libya during militia fighting
  • 2018 Major fire at the National Museum of Brazil in Rio de Janeiro destroys most of its 20 million artifacts

Johnson Threatens Snap Election

2019 British Prime Minister Boris Johnson threatens a snap general election if rebel MPs pass bill against no-deal Brexit

  • 2019 Diving boat catches fire at night killing 34 asleep on board off Santa Cruz Island, California
  • 2019 Violence and looting directed at foreigners in Johannesburg results in five deaths and dozens arrested by South African police
  • 2020 Australia officially enters recession for the first time in almost 3 decades with GDP falling 7% (April-June)
  • 2020 British architect Richard Rogers designer of the Pompidou Centre and the Millennial Dome retires
  • 2020 Family of Daniel Prude holds press conference with body camera evidence bringing to light death the 41-year old African American male after his being restrained by police in Rochester, New York in March of 2020
  • 2021 At least 43 people die as the remnants of Hurricane Ida hit the US Northeast with record rains, tornadoes and flooding with New York and New Jersey declaring state of emergency
  • 2022 Attempted assassination of Argentina’s vice-president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner fails when the gun jams outside her home in Buenos Aires [1]
  • 2022 Russian state-controlled energy firm Gazprom indefinitely suspends supplies of natural gas to Germany and Europe via the Nord Stream 1 pipeline, amid accusations of weaponizing its energy supplies [1]
  • 2023 American rock band Aerosmith kicks off “Peace Out: The Farewell Tour” with concert at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • 2023 India successfully launches its first spacecraft, Aditya-L1, to study the sun [1]
  • 2024 Joey Chestnut sets a new world record by eating 83 hot dogs in Netflix’s “Unfinished Beef” Labor Day Showdown [1]

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What Happened on September 2


Major Events

  • 1792 September Massacres of the French Revolution: In Paris rampaging mobs slaughter three Roman Catholic bishops, more than two hundred priests, and prisoners believed to be royalist sympathizers.
  • 1864 US Civil War: Union General William T. Sherman captures and occupies Atlanta, Georgia, ending the Atlanta Campaign in the US Civil War [1]

More September 2 Events

Sep 2 in Film & TV

  • 1931 American crooner Bing Crosby makes his solo radio debut on his “15 Minutes with Bing Crosby” program broadcast on the CBS Network
  • 1949 “The Third Man”, directed by Carol Reed, starring Joseph Cotten, Alida Valli, and Orson Welles, is released in the United Kingdom (Academy Awards Best Cinematography 1950)

Sep 2 in Music

Sep 2 in Sport

  • 1965 Chicago Cubs slugger Ernie Banks hits his MLB 400th career HR (off Curt Simmons) in a 5-3 win over St. Louis at Wrigley Field; Simmons also gave up Willie Mays’ 400th HR in 1963

Did You Know?

The first automated teller machine in the United States is installed in Rockville Centre, New York

September 2, 1969


Fun Fact About September 2

The first sci-fi film, “A Trip To The Moon,” is released

September 2, 1902

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CERN Deploys Cutting-Edge AI in “Impossible” Hunt for Higgs Decay


Higgs Boson Particle Physics
The Higgs boson gives particles mass, but its links to the lighter quarks are still largely untested. CMS has now hunted for Higgs decays to charm quarks in rare events produced with top-quark pairs, using advanced machine learning to tease out subtle jet signatures. The analysis sets the strongest limits yet on the Higgs–charm interaction, tightening how much the Standard Model can hide. Credit: Shutterstock

CMS employed machine learning to probe rare Higgs decays into charm quarks. The search produced the most stringent limits so far.

The Higgs boson, first observed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in 2012, is a cornerstone of the Standard Model of particle physics.

Through its interactions, it gives fundamental particles such as quarks their mass. Interactions between the Higgs boson and the heaviest “third-generation” quarks—the top and bottom quarks—have already been confirmed and shown to align with Standard Model predictions.

However, studying how the Higgs couples to lighter quarks remains much more difficult. Its interactions with “second-generation” quarks, like the charm quark, and “first-generation” quarks, the up and down quarks that form the nuclei of atoms, are still largely untested. This leaves open the key question of whether the Higgs boson is responsible for giving mass to the very quarks that make up everyday matter.

CMS reports first charm decay search

To explore these interactions, physicists examine how the Higgs boson decays into other particles or is produced alongside them in high-energy proton–proton collisions at the LHC. At a recent CERN seminar, the CMS collaboration presented the first search for a Higgs boson decaying into two charm quarks in events where the Higgs is produced together with a pair of top quarks. By applying advanced artificial intelligence methods, the team achieved the strongest limits so far on the strength of the Higgs boson’s interaction with the charm quark.

CMS Detector EndCap in Open Position
CMS cavern, view of the detector with EndCap in open position. Credit: CERN

Producing a Higgs boson along with a top-quark pair, and then observing it decay into two quarks, is both an uncommon event at the LHC and one that is especially challenging to identify. Quarks almost instantly generate narrow sprays of hadrons, called “jets,” which travel only a short distance before decaying further. This makes it very hard to separate jets that originate from charm quarks in Higgs decays from those created by other quark types. Conventional jet identification techniques, known as “tagging,” are not efficient at recognizing charm jets, driving the need for more sophisticated approaches to improve discrimination.

“This search required a paradigm shift in analysis techniques,” explains Sebastian Wuchterl, a research fellow at CERN. “Because charm quarks are harder to tag than bottom quarks, we relied on cutting-edge machine-learning techniques to separate the signal from backgrounds.”

Neural networks for jet recognition

The CMS team addressed two central challenges by applying machine-learning techniques. The first involved detecting charm jets, which they approached using a graph neural network specifically designed for this task. The second challenge was separating genuine Higgs boson events from background collisions, handled with a transformer network—the same family of models that underlies ChatGPT, but here adapted to classify particle events rather than generate text. To train the charm-tagging system, researchers used hundreds of millions of simulated jets, enabling the algorithm to identify charm jets with much greater precision.

Using data collected from 2016 to 2018, combined with the results from previous searches for the decay of the Higgs boson into charm quarks via other processes, the CMS team set the most stringent limits yet on the interaction between the Higgs boson and the charm quark, reporting an improvement of around 35% compared to previous constraints. This places significant bounds on potential deviations from the Standard Model prediction.

Next steps at the LHC

“Our findings mark a major step,” says Jan van der Linden, a postdoctoral researcher at Ghent University. “With more data from upcoming LHC runs and improved analysis techniques, we may gain direct insight into the Higgs boson’s interaction with charm quarks at the LHC—a task that was thought impossible a few years ago.”

As the LHC continues to collect data, refinements in charm tagging and Higgs boson event classification could eventually allow CMS, and its companion experiment ATLAS, to confirm the Higgs boson’s decay into charm quarks. This would be a major step towards a complete understanding of the Higgs boson’s role in the generation of mass for all quarks and provide a crucial test of the 50-year-old Standard Model.

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What Dinosaur Teeth Reveal About Life 150 Million Years Ago


Teeth in a Jaw Section of Giraffatitan From Tanzania
Photo of teeth in a jaw section of Giraffatitan from Tanzania (Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, MB.R.2180.20.5). The light-coloured area is the dentin, which has been exposed by tooth wear. Credit: Jan Kersten, Freie Universität Berlin, Fachrichtung Paläontologie

Sauropod tooth wear reveals climate-driven diets and potential seasonal migration.

What did sauropods eat, and how far did they travel to meet their enormous food demands? An international team of researchers has reconstructed the feeding behavior of these long-necked dinosaurs by applying advanced dental wear analysis. Their study, published in Nature Ecology and Evolution, shows that microscopic wear patterns on tooth enamel can reveal unexpected details about migration, climate influences, and how different species shared ecological niches 150 million years ago.

Life during the Jurassic raises many questions: what did these giant herbivores consume, how did they coexist within the same environments, and did they perhaps move seasonally in search of food? These issues were examined by a team led by Dr. Daniela E. Winkler of Kiel University, Dr. Emanuel Tschopp of Freie Universität Berlin and the LIB, and André Saleiro of NOVA University Lisbon. Their approach relied on a novel source of evidence—microscopic traces on fossilized teeth that act as a record of feeding habits.

“I still find it fascinating that microscopic scratches on fossil teeth can tell us so much about diet and even behavior,” says Winkler, an expert in the applied methodology. The technique, known as Dental Microwear Texture Analysis (DMTA), was originally developed by a research group led by LIB scientist Professor Thomas Kaiser for studying mammals. The current study, published in Nature Ecology and Evolution, marks the first systematic application of the method to sauropods. The analyses were carried out in the laboratories of the LIB.

Tooth Enamel as an Environmental Archive

The researchers examined 322 high-resolution 3D scans of sauropod teeth from three well-known fossil sites: the Lourinhã Formation in Portugal, the Morrison Formation in the United States, and the Tendaguru Formation in Tanzania. In total, 39 individual dinosaurs were represented, with samples taken directly from original teeth or from detailed silicone molds.

“We’re talking about features on the micrometer scale,” Winkler explains. “These minuscule wear marks are created by contact between tooth and food, and they capture what the animal was eating in the last days or weeks of its life.”

Surprising Differences between Species and Regions

The statistical results revealed striking contrasts among sauropod groups and geographic regions. One notable case was the flagellicaudatans, the long-tailed sauropods that include Diplodocus. Their teeth displayed highly variable wear, suggesting a broad and flexible diet typical of generalist feeders.

In contrast, Camarasaurus specimens from both Portugal and the USA showed remarkably consistent wear patterns. This uniformity is unlikely to result solely from plant availability and instead suggests that these dinosaurs consistently sought out the same food sources year-round. “The climate in both Portugal and the USA was strongly seasonal, so some plants would not have been available at all times,” notes Tschopp. “The consistency in Camarasaurus tooth wear points to seasonal migration to secure the same resources.”

The titanosauriforms from Tanzania told a different story. Their teeth showed much heavier and more complex wear patterns. The researchers link this to the unique environmental setting of the Tendaguru Formation, which included tropical to semi-arid conditions and a nearby desert region. Winds likely carried quartz sand onto plants, meaning these sauropods regularly consumed vegetation coated with grit. This abrasive diet produced the distinctively worn teeth observed in the fossils.

Climate, Not Plant Variety, as the Key Factor

There were also clear differences between the regions themselves: teeth from Tanzania were consistently more heavily worn than those from Portugal or the USA. The crucial influencing factor? Climate.

“One of the most interesting aspects of this work is that we were able to relate differences in dental wear patterns to paleogeography and the habitat preferences of different sauropod faunas,” concludes André Saleiro. These findings also guide his future research: “The study showed me how to approach my ongoing work on niche partitioning in herbivorous dinosaurs – by focusing on specific paleo-environments to better understand the ecological relationships within species groups, and how these differences evolved across ecosystems.”

For Emanuel Tschopp, this is also one of the most exciting elements of the research: “With these microscopic traces, we can suddenly make behavioral statements about these enormous extinct animals. Migration, specialization, niche use – it all becomes tangible.” Another notable aspect: wear patterns differed depending on the area of the tooth – on the side (buccal) or on the chewing surface (occlusal). These differences were accounted for in the analysis to avoid distortion.

Relevance for Biodiversity Research

This study provides not only new insights into the lives of individual dinosaur species but also contributes to a broader understanding of palaeoecological relationships. Niche partitioning, climate-driven adaptations, and potential competition avoidance can thus be identified even in fossilized ecosystems.

“We demonstrate that ecological principles like niche formation and migration behavior were important not just today, but already 150 million years ago,” says Winkler. Tschopp adds: “The sauropods of the Morrison Formation show enormous species diversity – and that diversity was only possible because the species behaved differently and occupied different dietary niches.”

Looking Ahead: More Teeth, More Knowledge

The research is far from over. Future studies aim to explore whether juvenile and adult sauropods differed in their diets, or how dwarf species such as Europasaurus from Lower Saxony adapted to their specific island environment. Saleiro is already working on an expanded dataset for the Portuguese fauna, including other herbivorous dinosaurs.

“What excites me is that we can keep refining this method – and every new sample adds another piece to the puzzle,” says Winkler. “Our tools are getting better – and so is our understanding of what life back then was really like.” Tschopp agrees: “We’re still at the beginning with this method – but combining paleontology, modern technology and interdisciplinary collaboration opens up fascinating insights into ancient worlds.”

Reference: “Dental microwear texture analysis reveals behavioural, ecological and habitat signals in Late Jurassic sauropod dinosaur faunas” by Daniela E. Winkler, Emanuel Tschopp, André Saleiro, Ria Wiesinger and Thomas M. Kaiser, 18 July 2025, Nature Ecology & Evolution.
DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02794-5

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2,000-Year-Old Statues Recovered From Sunken City Off Alexandria, Egypt


Conny Waters – AncientPages.com – Egyptian archaeologists have discovered a sunken city off the coast of Egypt and are now recovering its 2,000-year-old remnants from the seabed of Abu Qir Bay, near Alexandria.

2,000-Year-Old Statues Recovered From Sunken City Off Alexandria, Egypt

Divers and cranes helped to recover massive relics sunken in the Abu Qir Bay in the Mediterranean Sea city of Alexandria, Egypt. Image source

It’s no doubt an impressive technological achievement, which represents the country’s first such complex underwater operation in 25 years. Soon, we’ll know much more about Egypt’s Canopus, the prominent Ptolemaic-era port city, which was lost in the Bay of Abu Qir, along with Herakleion and Menouthis which were also engulfed by the sea.

Three massive ancient statues have already been recovered, including a quartzite sphinx featuring the cartouche of Ramesses II, a granite colossus representing an unidentified man from the late Ptolemaic period, and a white marble statue depicting a Roman nobleman.

“Some treasures will remain preserved underwater due to their historical context, while others are retrieved under rigorous scientific standards,” said Minister of Tourism and Antiquities Sherif Fathy, who also thanked the Armed Forces, Naval Forces, and the Engineering Authority of the Armed Forces for their support, according to Ahram Online.

He observed that the recovery is the result of decades of underwater survey work and occurs 25 years after the last similar operation in Egypt.

2,000-Year-Old Statues Recovered From Sunken City Off Alexandria, Egypt

Image source

Previous surveys have uncovered a variety of artifacts, including amphorae marked with trademarks, shipwrecks laden with goods, royal statues, sphinxes, ushabti figurines, stone anchors, and coins. All these findings originate from several historical periods: Pharaonic, Ptolemaic, Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic.

The Abu Qir site, once shrouded in mystery, continues to unveil treasures that illuminate what scholars refer to as “sunken Egypt.” This ongoing discovery invites us to ponder the depths of history hidden beneath the waves. Senior underwater archaeologist Mohamed Mustafa has announced that further discoveries are anticipated, including a remarkably well-preserved ancient ship currently under examination.

2,000-Year-Old Statues Recovered From Sunken City Off Alexandria, Egypt

Image source

Such revelations encourage reflection on the enduring legacy of past civilizations and their stories, which await being told.

The name Canopus appears in a 6th-century BC poem by Solon.

Excavations near modern Abu Qir revealed traces of the city with quays and Ramesses II monuments, possibly added later. The foundation date of Canopus is unknown, but Herodotus calls it an ancient port. According to a myth, it was Menelaus who founded the city, naming it after his pilot, Canopus, who died from a serpent bite.

Legend says Menelaus built a monument that became the town’s center. Ptolemy III erected an Osiris temple there; Herodotus mentions an older shrine to Heracles nearby serving as an asylum for fugitive slaves. Osiris was uniquely worshipped as a vase with a human head at Canopus.

Written by Conny Waters – AncientPages.com Staff Writer





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Stanford Scientists Successfully Reverse Autism Symptoms in Mice


Lab Mouse Petri Dish
Stanford Medicine researchers have discovered that hyperactivity in a brain region known as the reticular thalamic nucleus may underlie behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder. By dampening activity in this area using experimental drugs and neuromodulation techniques, they were able to reverse autism-like symptoms in mice, from seizures to social deficits. Credit: Shutterstock

Overactivity in the reticular thalamic nucleus was shown to cause autism-like behaviors in mice. Drugs that reduce this activity reversed the symptoms.

Researchers at Stanford Medicine studying the neurological basis of autism spectrum disorder have found that excessive activity in a particular brain region may be responsible for driving behaviors commonly linked to the condition.

Using a mouse model of autism, the team identified the reticular thalamic nucleus, a structure that filters sensory information between the thalamus and cortex, as a promising treatment target.

Importantly, they showed that administering drugs to dampen activity in this brain region reversed autism-like symptoms in the mice, including seizure susceptibility, heightened sensitivity to stimuli, increased motor activity, repetitive actions, and reduced social interaction.

Shared pathways with epilepsy

These same drugs are also under investigation as potential treatments for epilepsy, underscoring how the mechanisms that drive autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy may intersect in the brain and help explain why the two conditions often appear in the same individuals.

The findings were recently published in Science Advances. The senior author of the study is John Huguenard, PhD, professor of neurology and neurological sciences. The lead author is Sung-Soo Jang, PhD, a postdoctoral scholar in neurology and neurological sciences.

Overactivity in the reticular thalamic nucleus

Connections between the thalamus and cortex have been linked to autism in both people and animal models, but the specific contribution of the reticular thalamic nucleus had remained uncertain.

In the new study, the researchers recorded the neural activity of this brain region in mice while observing the animals’ behavior. In mice that had been genetically modified to model autism (Cntnap2 knockout mice), the reticular thalamic nucleus showed elevated activity when the animals encountered stimuli like light or an air puff as well as during social interactions. The brain region also showed bursts of spontaneous activity, causing seizures.

Epilepsy is much more prevalent in people with autism than in the general population — 30% versus 1% — though the mechanisms are not well understood. Recognizing this connection, the researchers tested an experimental seizure drug, Z944, and found that it reversed behavioral deficits in the autism mouse model.

With a different experimental treatment that genetically modifies neurons to respond to designer drugs, known as DREADD-based neuromodulation, the researchers could suppress overactivity in the reticular thalamic nucleus and reverse behavioral deficits in the autism mouse model. They could even induce these behavioral deficits in normal mice by ramping up activity in the reticular thalamic nucleus.

The new findings highlight the reticular thalamic nucleus as a novel target for the treatment of autism spectrum disorders.

Reference: “Reticular thalamic hyperexcitability drives autism spectrum disorder behaviors in the Cntnap2 model of autism” by Sung-Soo Jang, Fuga Takahashi and John R. Huguenard, 20 August 2025, Science Advances.
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adw4682

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